Respiratory Insufficiency Requiring Mechanical Ventilation
Conditions
Keywords
Diaphragm ultrasound, Intercostal muscle ultrasound
Brief summary
Up to 25% of patients who require mechanical ventilation (MV) more than seven days in the intensive care unit (ICU) develop muscle weakness, which comprises deep muscle weakness , including the respiratory muscles.Early active mobilization in ICU patients is a safe and viable strategy to prevent the physical problems caused by immobility. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is an alternative to mobilize and exercise because it does not require active patient participation and can be used on bedridden patients.No previous studies have shown whether training-specific respiratory muscles using an electrical stimulation can have overall benefits for ICU patients on MV.For this reason, the aim of this study was to evaluate, the effectiveness of the NMES therapy combined with early rehabilitation in the respiratory muscles of patients on MV.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALNeuromuscular Electrical Stimulation
NMES was performed using a portable machine.The negative electrodes were placed in the motor points of the following muscles: chest muscles (pectoralis major muscle fibres) and rectus abdominis muscles bilaterally. A second (positive) electrode was positioned distally to the first, at a site close to the muscle that was being electrically stimulated, totalling 1 channel with 2 electrodes for each muscle . Each NMES session lasted 30 min. The following parameters were used: 50 Hz frequency, pulse duration 300 ms, rise time 1 s, stimulus time (ON) 3 s, decay time 1 s, and relaxation time (OFF) 10 s. Intensity was increased until muscle contraction was visible or could be identified through palpation. In conscious patients, intensity was adjusted according to their tolerance.
Sponsors
The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 80 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Prolonged MV(\>72 h); * Written informed consent was obtained from the patients or their relatives
Exclusion criteria
* Previous neuromuscular disease; * Unrelieved pneumothorax, restricted diaphragmatic dyskinesia including abdominal high pressure, a large number of ascites * Thoracic or diaphragmatic malformation; * Local skin damage and infection; * Indwelling a temporary or permanent pacemaker; * Severe obesity(BMI\>35 kg/m2) * Various reasons (severe intestinal gas accumulation, structural abnormalities) lead to the failure of ultrasonic detection of diaphragm movement; * Patients with an expected survival time of less than 7 days or with palliative care
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| diaphragmatic thickening fraction(DTF) | baseline,Day 3 of mechanical ventilation,Day 7 of mechanical ventilation,before extubation | DTF shows varied thickness of the diaphragm at end-expiration and end-inspiration. Te maximum and minimum values of each breathing cycle were taken as the end-inspiratory diaphragm thickness (DTei) and the end-expiratory diaphragm thickness (DTee), respectively. DTF was calculated by DTF=(DTei DTee)/DTee 100%. Te values for 3 consecutive respiratory cycles were recorded and the average value was taken as the fnal value |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Parasternal Intercostal Muscle Ultrasound | baseline,Day 3 of mechanical ventilation,Day 7 of mechanical ventilation,before extubation | A 10- to 15-MHz linear array transducer was positioned perpendicular to the anterior thorax surface in the longitudinal scan, at the level of the second right intercostal space, approximately 6 to 8 cm lateral to the sternal edge with a window visualizing the second and third ribs. . Using M-mode, the ultrasound beam was perpendicularly directed at the midsection of the muscle, where it is the thinnest at end-expiration. The thickness of the parasternal intercostal muscle was measured on frozen images at end expiration and at peak inspiration. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| ventilator-free days at 28 days | 28 days |
Countries
China
Contacts
Primary ContactZehua Dong, Dr.
Outcome results
None listed