Analgesia, Hospital-acquired Infections
Conditions
Brief summary
To compare the incidence of hospital-acquired infections between butorphanol and fentanyl.
Detailed description
Butorphanol can improve inflammation and promote the recovery of pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokine balance.However, there is still a lack of relevant clinical studies on butorphanol and fentanyl for the incidence of hospital-acquired infections in ICU mechanically ventilated patients.The objective of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy,safety and the incidence of nosocomial infection of butorphanol in mechanical ventilation patients between butorphanol and fentanyl.
Interventions
Patients of this group will receive Butorphanol Tartrate Injection
Patients of this group will receive Fentanyl
Sponsors
Study design
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
* need mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours * more than 18 years old * without hospital-acquired infection before admission to ICU * volunteer to participate in this study
Exclusion criteria
* allergic or contraindicated to the drug * severe cardiac insufficiency, conduction block and bradycardia * recent use of analgesic, sedative and antidepressant drugs * psychiatric or neurological diseases or neurosurgery-related diseases * history of steroid cortisol and immunosuppressants * severe liver dysfunction or renal dysfunction * pregnancy * refuse to enrollment
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Incidence of hospital-acquired infections | one month | Incidence of hospital-acquired infections |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ICU stay | one month | patients enrolled will be followed for length of ICU stay |
| Hospital stay | one month | patients enrolled will be followed for length of Hospital stay |
| all cause mortality | one month | all cause mortality |
| duration on ventilators | one month | patients enrolled will be followed for the duration of mechanical ventilation |
| Blood routine examination is assessed by neutrophil count. | on the 1st, 3rd,7th day after enrollment | — |
| Cytokines | on the 1st, 3rd,7th day after enrollment | Cytokines are assessed by the interleukin-1,interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 |
| adverse events | one month | Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, bradycardia, hypotension, respiratory depression and other adverse events |
| Blood routine examination is assessed by the white blood cell count | on the 1st, 3rd,7th day after enrollment | — |