Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Conditions
Brief summary
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) is a pathology that affects 2 to 15% of the French adult population and more than 30% of subjects over 65 years old. It consists of repeated collapses of the upper airways during sleep leading to interruptions in ventilation (apneas) or significant reductions in ventilation (hypopneas). Balagny et al. have demonstrated the occurrence of hypertension in patients screened positive for sleep apnea syndrome in a French general population cohort. It is also established that sleep apnea increases the risk of cardiovascular disorders, such as metabolic syndrome (combining abdominal obesity and metabolic disorders), hypertension, heart rhythm disorders, especially at night, atherosclerosis (deposits of atheromatous plaques on the artery walls) or type 2 diabetes. These different complications increase the risk of cardiovascular accidents such as cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, stroke, and expose to a risk of premature death (Inserm). The treatment of choice is night-time positive pressure ventilation, made possible by the use of a breathing apparatus (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure or CPAP). Alternatives to CPAP are the use of a nocturnal Mandibular Advancement Orthosis (MAO) which advances the jaw and allows a pharyngeal opening, and surgery in selected patients. The phenomenon at the origin of apneas is due to a relaxation of the muscles of the pharyngeal wall located at different heights. This obstruction is favored by anatomical particularities specific to each individual. The clinical examination can detect certain anomalies (enlarged tonsils, obstructive soft palate, prominent tongue base, abnormal epiglottis) and propose surgery to remove the obstruction. Nevertheless, it remains difficult to affirm that the detected anomaly is really at the origin of the obstruction and surgical failures are frequent. Endoscopy under induced sleep has been developed for about 10 years in France. This examination, widely used in the world, remains confidential in France. It consists, in the operating room, in inducing a medicated sleep (specific drugs delivered by an anesthetist) and performing a pharyngolaryngeal fibroscopy. The ENT physician can then visualize live the site and origin of the obstruction during an apnea. The main objective is to evaluate the interest of endoscopy under sleep before making a surgical indication in a patient presenting a sleep apnea syndrome. The secondary objective is to evaluate the reliability of sleep endoscopy.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Institut Arthur Vernes
Fondation Hôpital Saint-Joseph
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
RETROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patient whose age ≥ 18 years * Patient with sleep apnea syndrome confirmed by polysomnographic or polygraphic recording The parameters of interest (Apnea Hypopnea Index, percentage of snoring and desaturation during the recording) are collected and in an identical way by its two examinations. They differ by the recording of other parameters. * Patient for whom a sleep endoscopy is performed: clinical/recording discordance, failure or intolerance of the proposed treatment (OAM, PPC); surgical indication for OSA (tonsillectomy and/or velopasty) * French speaking patient
Exclusion criteria
* Patient under guardianship or curatorship * Patient deprived of liberty * Patient under court protection * Patient objecting to the use of his data for this research
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Interest of sleep endoscopy before making a surgical indication in a patient with sleep apnea syndrome | Day 1 | This outcome corresponds to the number of patients for whom the surgical indication was maintained according to the data collected during the sleep endoscopy. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Reliability of endoscopy under sleep | Day 1 | This outcome corresponds to the comparison of the number of patients for whom the treatment considered before the sleep endoscopy and the type of treatment were finally performed. |
Countries
France
Outcome results
None listed