Stroke
Conditions
Keywords
Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality
Brief summary
The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of augmented and virtual reality-based rehabilitation programs on improving upper extremity function in subacute stroke patients.
Detailed description
This was a randomized, single-blinded study, conducted at a single acute rehabilitation unit in a university hospital. In this study, the effect of augmented and virtual reality-based rehabilitation for the recovery of subacute stroke patients compared with conventional occupational therapy was evaluated.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALAugmented reality and virtual reality rehabilitation
This group underwent augmented reality and virtual reality rehabilitation with 4 different systems. The RAPAEL Smart Glove® is a wearable sensory system that contains a single 9-axis movement and position sensor with 3 acceleration channels, 3 angular rate channels, and 3 magnetic field channels that measures wrist movements, and 5 bending sensors that measure finger movements. The RAPAEL Smart Board® is a rehabilitation system used to improve arm function by practicing gravity-compensated movements. The RehabMaster® is a game-based Kinect sensor AR rehabilitation system which uses a 3D camera to digitize patient movements and quickly analyze their range of motion, speed, motion angle, and movement cycles. rehabilitation exercise using games to encourage active arm and trunk movements and promote successful rehabilitation. The COG-Trainer® is a VR system that uses a training device synchronized with the screen through simulation.
BEHAVIORALConventional occupational therapy
The group underwent standard ocupational therapy, such as range of motion and strengthening exercises for the affected upper extremity, table-top activities, and training for activities of daily living.
Sponsors
Samsung Medical Center
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
The researcher responsible for randomization was independent from the assessors, assuring blindness to treatment allocation and randomization procedures. The blinded assessor performed the baseline and post-treatment assessments. The patients and the occupational therapists were not blinded due to the nature of treatment modality.
Intervention model description
A randomized, single-blinded study. Individuals were randomly assigned to either the experimental group or control group using a computer-generated randomization technique. The randomization list was created on blocks of four and generated at the start of the study using a computerized program.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* First ever stroke * Onset of stroke less than 3 months * Sufficiently medically stable to participate in active rehabilitation * Mild-to-moderate upper extremity motor impairments (Brunnstrom stage for the upper extremity 2-6).
Exclusion criteria
* Severe cognitive impairment (defined as score \< 10 on the Mini-Mental State Examination) * Evidence of apraxia * Clinical history of neglect * Previous upper extremity hemiplegia.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity score | Baseline | range (0-126), higher scores mean a better motor function |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Modified Barthel Index | Baseline | range (0-100), higher scores mean a better activity of daily living |
| Motor Activity Log of Amount of Use and Quality of Movement | Baseline | range (0-150), higher scores mean a better activity of daily living |
| EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale | Baseline | range (0-100), higher scores mean a better quality of life |
| Box and Block Test | Baseline | higher scores mean a worse motor function |
| Grip strength (kg) | Baseline | higher scores mean a better hand function |
| Hand response reaction time | Baseline | higher scores mean a worse hand function |
| Berg Balance Scale | Baseline | range (0-56), higher scores mean a better balance function |
Countries
South Korea
Outcome results
None listed