Diet, Healthy, Eating Behavior, Obesity
Conditions
Keywords
portion size, socio-economic position, eating behaviour
Brief summary
Reducing food portion size is a potential strategy to reduce energy intake. There is some evidence to suggest that individuals with lower socioeconomic position (SEP) intend to eat more from larger portions, suggesting that the effect of portion size on food intake might vary by SEP. However, no study has tested this by measuring actual food intake. This study examines whether reductions to the portion size of components of a main meal will reduce daily energy intake, and whether and how socioeconomic position (higher vs lower) moderates the portion size effect. In a crossover experiment, participants will be served all meals in the lab on two separate days, with the portion size of main meal components at lunch and dinner manipulated (i.e. smaller on one day vs larger on the other day). All other foods offered are identical. Food intake from the portion-manipulated lunch and dinner, as well as all other meal components (breakfast, dessert, seconds, snacks) will be measured, and any additional food consumed by the participant will be measured using self-report, giving total daily energy intake (kcal).
Detailed description
See attached protocol document.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALPortion size manipulation
The intervention was administered via changing portion sizes of foods served to participants.
Sponsors
European Research Council
University of Liverpool
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Female * UK (United Kingdom) residents, aged 18 or over * Fluent in English * willing to consume the test foods * Self report liking of test foods * BMI between 22.5 - 32.5kg2
Exclusion criteria
* taking medication which affects appetite * currently pregnant * history of eating disorders * currently on a diet to lose weight * food allergies, intolerances or specific dietary requirements (including being vegetarian or vegan) * participated in 2018 Mood Study * currently participating in another study where meals are provided
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Daily energy intake | 24 hours after intervention administered | Total energy (kcal) consumed from breakfast, lunch, dinner, dessert, snackbox, and any self-reported additional foods. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Appetite | 24 hours after intervention administered | Hunger and fullness sensations before and after laboratory-based meals (self-reported on visual analogue scales anchored at 0 'Not at all' and 100 'Extremely') |
| Moderate-vigorous physical activity | 24 hours after intervention administered | Moderate-vigorous physical activity (recorded using wearable activity tracker), operationalised as active minutes/day (logged for activities with a metabolic equivalent of \>/3) |
Countries
United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed