Frailty, Mild Cognitive Impairment
Conditions
Keywords
Square-stepping exercise, Frailty, Mild Cognitive Impairment
Brief summary
This study is to elucidate the possible mechanisms of SSE by examining brain activation differences between SSE patterns and usual walking, as well as the relationship between brain activity and SSE performance, between cognitive function and SSE performance, and between physical performance and SSE performance in frail elders with MCI.
Detailed description
Background: Both frailty and MCI exert negative impact on motor and cognitive function, which increase the risks of fall and adverse health condition. SSE has been proved to be an effective intervention for motor and cognitive function in older adults. However, the underlying mechanisms of SSE still remain undetermined for its possible effects. This study aims to elucidate the possible mechanisms of SSE in frail elders with MCI. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The inclusion criteria are: (1) age between 65 and 90 years old, (2) the presence of at least 1 characteristic of the Fried frailty criteria, (3) with mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score≧24 and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score \<26 (MCI criteria), and (4) ability to walk independently for 1 min without assistive devices. The exclusion criteria are: (1) central nervous system disorders (such as stroke, Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury), and (2) any unstable physical condition, psychiatric disorder, and other neurological disorder or diagnosed with learning disability which may affect participating this study. Brain activity during SSE and usual walking, SSE performance, physical performance, and cognitive function are measured. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the possible mechanisms of SSE by examining brain activation differences between SSE patterns and usual walking, as well as the relationship between brain activity and SSE performance, between cognitive function and SSE performance, and between physical performance and SSE performance in frail elders with MCI.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
Study design
Observational model
OTHER
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
65 Years to 90 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Age between 65 and 90 years old * Presence of at least 1 characteristic of the Fried frailty criteria * Mini-mental state examination score equal to or more than 24 * Montreal Cognitive Assessment score less than 26 * Ability to walk independently for 1 min without assistive devices
Exclusion criteria
* Central nervous system disorders (such as stroke, Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury) * Any unstable physical condition, psychiatric disorder, and other neurological disorder or diagnosed with learning disability which may affect participating this study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Brain activity | 20 minutes | The brain activity will be measured under 3 tasks: usual walking, SSE-pattern1 (SSE1), and SSE-pattern 2 (SSE2) |
| SSE performance | 15 minutes | The number of the correct steps that participants complete in 1 min during SSEs will be recorded |
| Montreal Cognitive Assessment | 15 minutes | Global cognitive function |
| Trail making test | 5 minutes | Executive function |
| Stroop color and word test | 5 minutes | Executive function |
| Digit span test | 8 minutes | Executive function |
| Timed up and go test | 5 minutes | Dynamic balance and functional mobility |
| Berg balance scale | 15 minutes | Balance and fall risk |
| Five times sit to stand test | 3 minutes | Lower extremity strength |
Countries
Taiwan
Outcome results
None listed