Anosmia, Hyposmia
Conditions
Brief summary
The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and test-retest reliability of the 'TIB' Olfactory Test Device, a new olfactory test tool developed by Top International Biotech, Taipei, and to determine its normative values. The olfactory function of 180 subjects was evaluated using both the traditional Chinese version of the University of Pennsylvania of Smell Identification Test (UPSIT-TC) and TIB. The subjects consisted of 60 healthy volunteers (normosmic group), 60 hyposmic patients, and 60 anosmic patients. The healthy volunteers were retested with the UPSIT-TC and TIB at an inter-test interval of at least 7 days. The cut-off scores of TIB among the different groups were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve.
Interventions
DIAGNOSTIC_TEST'TIB' Olfactory Test
A new smell identification test, 'TIB' Olfactory Test Device (Top International Biotech, Taipei) has been developed in Taiwan. It consists of 16 tests with an odorant embedded in fragrant microcapsules positioned on a strip. The examinee scratches the strip to release the odorant. The released odorant is sniffed and the examinee identifies the odorant by choosing a name from a set of 4 odor descriptors. This process is then repeated with the next odorant on the strip.
DIAGNOSTIC_TESTTraditional Chinese version of the University of Pennsylvania of Smell Identification Test (UPSIT-TC)
The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), which was developed at the University of Pennsylvania, is one of the most reliable and the most widely used olfactory test.The test consists of four 10-odorant booklets. Each odorant is embedded in 10 to 50 µm urea-formaldehyde polymer microencapsules fixed in a proprietary binder and positioned on a brown strip which is located at the bottom of each page of the test booklet.4 When the examinee takes the test, each of the 40 odorants is released by scratching the strip with a pencil tip. The released odorant is sniffed and the examinee identifies the odorant by choosing a name from a set of 4 odor descriptors.
Sponsors
Taichung Veterans General Hospital
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to 59 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Normosmic group were self-reported absence of deficits in olfaction. Hyposmic patients were loss of olfactory function with a phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEA) odor detection threshold below -1. Anosmic patients were loss of olfactory function with a PEA threshold equal to -1.
Exclusion criteria
* History of sinonasal symptoms within a week before the test
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| validity of TIB olfactory test | 30 minutes to 1 hour | Criterion validity: Correlation between UPSIT-TC and TIB olfactory test |
| Reliability of TIB olfactory test | 1 week | Test-retest reliability |
Countries
Taiwan
Outcome results
None listed