Mental Health Wellness 1, Sleep Disturbance
Conditions
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to test the effects of using the Calm app + coaching concierge (one 20-min session) and/or Calm Coaching for sleep program on sleep, mental health, and work productivity outcomes in employees. Employees (N=5,000) will be randomized into one of two groups for 8-weeks.
Detailed description
Workplace stress is highly prevalent and is linked to poor health outcomes including depression and anxiety. Depression impacts a person's physical ability to complete job tasks about 20% of the time while reducing cognitive performance 35% of the time. Mental health issues are not often properly identified and less than half of people receive treatment. The Calm app is a mindfulness meditation mobile app and has been evidenced to reduce stress, improve sleep, and reduce anxiety/depressive symptoms in a range of populations (e.g., college students, cancer patients, sleep-disturbed adults). The Calm app provides daily, 10-minute, guided meditations grounded in mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and Vipassana meditation. Uniquely, the Calm app also offers Sleep Stories, narrated fictional tales that use mindfulness- inspired techniques to help users sleep. However, the effects of the Calm app in employees among worksites has not yet been explored. The purpose of this study is to test the effects of using the Calm app + coaching concierge (one 20-min session) and/or Calm Coaching for sleep program on sleep, mental health, and work productivity outcomes in employees. Employees (N=5,000) will be randomized into one of two groups for 8-weeks. The research team will randomize the employee sites into one of two groups 1. Intervention group (N=2,500): Calm app + concierge (one live 20-minute coaching session) a. Calm Coaching for sleep Subsample (N=100): Participants with elevated sleep disturbance (determined as a score of \>10 with the ISI) AND interest in Calm Coaching for sleep will be assigned to the Calm Coaching for sleep Program in addition to having the Calm app + concierge 2. Waitlist control group (N=2,500): Following 8-weeks from the study start date, employee receives access to the Calm app a. Calm Coaching for sleep Subsample (N=100): Participants with elevated sleep disturbance (determined as a score of \>10 with the ISI) AND interest in Calm Coaching for sleep will be assigned to the Calm Coaching for sleep Program in addition to having the Calm app + concierge
Interventions
BEHAVIORALThe Calm App
Participants will be asked to use the Calm app for at least 10 minutes per day for eight weeks. They will also be asked to schedule one live 20-minute coaching session with a Calm Coach within the first week of the eight-week intervention to help identify areas for health behavior improvements (i.e., Calm Concierge). Participants will be asked to download the Calm app to their mobile phone. The Calm Coaching for sleep program is administered by Calm for six weeks. Participants are asked to complete weekly modules and interact with a coach to help them improve their sleep. Participants also complete a sleep diary throughout the program.
Sponsors
Arizona State University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SEQUENTIAL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
There will be two groups: first is the intervention group and the other is a waitlist-control and will receive the intervention after the control portion of the study.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* 18 years or older * Employee of company * Only English speakers * Willing to download the Calm app to their smartphone
Exclusion criteria
• Greater than 60 minutes/month of meditation for the past six months
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Epworth Sleepiness Scale | Change from baseline daytime sleepiness at 8-weeks; 8-items; Scores range from 0-24 with higher scores indicating higher levels of daytime sleepiness. | Daytime sleepiness |
| Insomnia Severity Index | Change from baseline symptoms of insomnia at 8-weeks; 7-items; Scores range from 0-28 with higher scores indicating greater symptoms of insomnia. | Symptoms of insomnia |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Pittsburgh Sleep Diaries | Daily for 6 weeks | Sleep diaries assessing sleep/wake time and sleep quality |
| Productivity | Change from baseline to post-intervention (week 8) | Productivity will be measured using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire. Scores on the WPAI:GH are provided as a percentage with higher numbers indicating greater impairment and less productivity. |
| Resilience | Change from baseline to post-intervention (week 8) | Resilience will be measured using the Brief Resilience Scale, with scores ranging from 1-5, and a higher score indicates a better outcome. |
| Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale | Change from baseline to post-intervention (week 8) | Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale will be measured using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) with lower scores in the three categories indicates a better outcome. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed