Tobacco Use Disorder
Conditions
Keywords
Cigarette, E-cigarette, Behavioral Economics, Tobacco Control
Brief summary
This is a one-session study that participants complete remotely including consent, Experimental Tobacco Marketplace purchases, and assessments to examine the effects of cigarette and e-cigarette flavors on cigarette demand and substitution in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace.
Detailed description
This study uses a mixed design (within-subject repeated measures and between-group). Participants will be assigned to two different groups according to their preferred cigarette flavor (tobacco/menthol). Every participant will complete behavioral tasks and make hypothetical purchases of tobacco products in an online store under four different scenarios: a) e-cigarette flavor restricted and cigarette flavor restricted, b) e-cigarette flavor unrestricted and cigarette flavor restricted, c) e-cigarette flavor restricted and cigarette flavor unrestricted, d) e-cigarette flavor unrestricted and cigarette flavor unrestricted.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALCigarette flavor restricted and e-cigarette flavor restricted
1. Tobacco cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace 2. Tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace
BEHAVIORALCigarette flavor restricted and e-cigarette flavor unrestricted
1. Tobacco cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace 2. Tobacco-flavored and a range of flavored e-cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace
BEHAVIORALCigarette flavor unrestricted and e-cigarette flavor restricted
1. Tobacco and menthol cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace 2. Tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace
BEHAVIORALCigarette flavor unrestricted and e-cigarette flavor unrestricted
1. Tobacco and menthol cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace 2. Tobacco-flavored and a range of flavored e-cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace
Sponsors
University of Minnesota
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
SINGLE (Investigator)
Masking description
The study design included automated randomization of the conditions per person at the time of completion, via Qualtrics Software.
Intervention model description
Participants will complete different purchasing scenarios in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace in which different cigarette and e-cigarette flavors are available. In all scenarios, a range of other tobacco products will also be available.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
21 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* currently smoke at least 10 cigarettes per day * have smoked at least 100 cigarettes (lifetime), and * are 21 years of age or older.
Exclusion criteria
* inaccurate identification of usual brand of cigarette's as menthol or non-menthol
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Spent the Budget on E-cigarettes for Each Condition | 1 day | Participants will complete purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM) with cigarettes increasing in price. Product availability in the ETM depended on the experimental condition. The average percentage of budget spent on e-cigarettes as a function of the restriction of cigarettes and/or e-cigarettes will be assessed. |
| Spent Budget on Cigarettes for Each Condition | 1 day | Participants will complete purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM) with cigarettes increasing in price. Product availability in the ETM depended on the experimental condition. The average percentage of the budget spent on cigarettes as a function of the restriction of cigarettes and/or e-cigarettes will be assessed. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Menthol Cigarette Smokers Adults (21 y.o. and older) who smoke ate least 10 menthol cigarettes per day will be recruited.
Cigarette flavor restricted and e-cigarette flavor restricted: 1) Tobacco cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace 2) Tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace
Cigarette flavor restricted and e-cigarette flavor unrestricted: 1) Tobacco cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace 2) Tobacco-flavored and a range of flavored e-cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace
Cigarette flavor unrestricted and e-cigarette flavor restricted: 1) Tobacco and menthol cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace 2) Tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace
Cigarette flavor unrestricted and e-cigarette flavor unrestricted: 1) Tobacco and menthol cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace 2) Tobacco-flavored and a range of flavored e-cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace | 130 |
| Non-menthol Cigarette Smokers Adults (21 y.o. and older) who smoke ate least 10 non-menthol cigarettes per day will be recruited.
Cigarette flavor restricted and e-cigarette flavor restricted: 1) Tobacco cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace 2) Tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace
Cigarette flavor restricted and e-cigarette flavor unrestricted: 1) Tobacco cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace 2) Tobacco-flavored and a range of flavored e-cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace
Cigarette flavor unrestricted and e-cigarette flavor restricted: 1) Tobacco and menthol cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace 2) Tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace
Cigarette flavor unrestricted and e-cigarette flavor unrestricted: 1) Tobacco and menthol cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace 2) Tobacco-flavored and a range of flavored e-cigarettes will be available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace | 133 |
| Total | 263 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Menthol Cigarette Smokers | Non-menthol Cigarette Smokers | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 49.15 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.31 | 49.77 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.95 | 49.46 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.63 |
| Cigarettes per day | 19.79 cigarettes per day STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.05 | 18.18 cigarettes per day STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.82 | 18.99 cigarettes per day STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.94 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 20 Participants | 15 Participants | 35 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 110 Participants | 118 Participants | 228 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 2 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 2 Participants | 2 Participants | 4 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 12 Participants | 2 Participants | 14 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 4 Participants | 2 Participants | 6 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 112 Participants | 124 Participants | 236 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 130 participants | 133 participants | 263 participants |
| Sex/Gender, Customized Female | 70 Participants | 58 Participants | 128 Participants |
| Sex/Gender, Customized Male | 60 Participants | 75 Participants | 135 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 140 | 0 / 162 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 140 | 0 / 162 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 140 | 0 / 162 |
Outcome results
Primary
Spent Budget on Cigarettes for Each Condition
Participants will complete purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM) with cigarettes increasing in price. Product availability in the ETM depended on the experimental condition. The average percentage of the budget spent on cigarettes as a function of the restriction of cigarettes and/or e-cigarettes will be assessed.
Time frame: 1 day
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent Budget on Cigarettes for Each Condition | Cigarette and E-cigarette Restriction | 55.04 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 2.56 |
| Menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent Budget on Cigarettes for Each Condition | Cigarette Restriction | 53.05 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 2.57 |
| Menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent Budget on Cigarettes for Each Condition | E-cigarette Restriction | 73.60 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 2.13 |
| Menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent Budget on Cigarettes for Each Condition | No Restriction on Cigarettes or E-cigarettes | 72.05 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 2.14 |
| Non-menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent Budget on Cigarettes for Each Condition | No Restriction on Cigarettes or E-cigarettes | 65.20 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 2.03 |
| Non-menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent Budget on Cigarettes for Each Condition | Cigarette and E-cigarette Restriction | 65.82 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 2.03 |
| Non-menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent Budget on Cigarettes for Each Condition | E-cigarette Restriction | 65.72 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 2 |
| Non-menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent Budget on Cigarettes for Each Condition | Cigarette Restriction | 65.80 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 2.02 |
Primary
Spent the Budget on E-cigarettes for Each Condition
Participants will complete purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM) with cigarettes increasing in price. Product availability in the ETM depended on the experimental condition. The average percentage of budget spent on e-cigarettes as a function of the restriction of cigarettes and/or e-cigarettes will be assessed.
Time frame: 1 day
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent the Budget on E-cigarettes for Each Condition | E-cigarette restriction | 8.20 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 1.17 |
| Menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent the Budget on E-cigarettes for Each Condition | Cigarette and E-cigarette Restriction | 10.64 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 1.36 |
| Menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent the Budget on E-cigarettes for Each Condition | No Restriction on Cigarettes or E-cigarettes | 11.35 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 1.45 |
| Menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent the Budget on E-cigarettes for Each Condition | Cigarette Restriction | 14.74 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 1.62 |
| Non-menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent the Budget on E-cigarettes for Each Condition | No Restriction on Cigarettes or E-cigarettes | 16.07 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 1.47 |
| Non-menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent the Budget on E-cigarettes for Each Condition | Cigarette and E-cigarette Restriction | 14.87 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 1.44 |
| Non-menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent the Budget on E-cigarettes for Each Condition | E-cigarette restriction | 15.03 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 1.42 |
| Non-menthol Cigarette Smokers | Spent the Budget on E-cigarettes for Each Condition | Cigarette Restriction | 14.65 percentage of spent budget | Standard Error 1.38 |