Multi-antibiotic Resistance
Conditions
Brief summary
1. To determine the prevalence of multidrug resistance bacteria in patient with different infections 2. To evaluate patients' predictive risk factors of antimicrobial resistance 3. To assess the association between patients' factors and prevalence of MDR bacteria
Detailed description
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most critical public health issue in this century . WHO declared antimicrobial resistance as one of the top ten global health threats that impend the effective management and prevention of evolving infections . Antimicrobial resistance nowadays poses a big challenge because of the emerging of resistance to the antibiotics that previously effective and development of multidrug resistance infections with subsequent increase in morbidity, mortality and financial loss . In spite of WHO health strategies that taken to face multidrug resistance problem, the burden of antimicrobial resistance in Europe is compared with combined burden of influenza and HIVS .while in USA the estimated antibiotics resistance infections is 2.8 millions and the related deaths exceeded 35,000 every year and expected to reach to ten million deaths with collective cost of 100 trillion USD annually in 2050 . Numerous studies reported that self-medications, improper prescription, overuse of antibiotics, deficiency of antibiotics susceptibility test and limited knowledge and attitude of population towards antibiotics are the main factors that lead to antibiotics efficacy being reduced with long hospital stay. Other studies stated that the predictive indicators of MDR tragedy are age, gender, comorbidities, previous hospital stay or antibiotic use . In low and middle income countries like IRAQ there is a difficulty in estimation the scope of antibiotics resistance problem and its evolving over time due to the lack of surveillance, besides alarmingly excessive antibiotics consumption added other challenges and urged us to aim this study .
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Kufa University
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* patients who were screened for MDR bacteria * patients who accepted to participate in the study
Exclusion criteria
* patients with no growth media * patients who cannot communicated
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Prevalence of multidrug resistance bacteria in isolated patient specimen | based line value (zero months) | proportion of MDR bacteria that detected in isolated specimen |
| Association of patient's factors with prevalence of multidrug resistance Bacteria. | based line value (zero months) | exploring the association between patient's factors and the prevalence of MDR bacteria by multivariate analysis |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Prevalence of extended spectrum β lactamase producers (ESBL) | based line value (zero months) | proportion of participants with ESBL bacteria that detected in isolated specimen |
| Prevalence of Methicillin resistance staph. Aureus (MERSA) | based line value (zero months) | proportion of participants with MERSA bacteria that detected in isolated specimen |
| Risk factors for antibiotic resistance | based line value (zero months) | asses patient's predictive factors and their role in prevalence of multidrug resistance bacteria |
| Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) toward antibiotic use | based line value (zero months) | the score indicator of KAP through a module of KAP survey by 20 categorized questions the knowledge is individual understanding about antibiotic resistance the attitude is the perceptions and beliefs that respondents (+),(-) perceive towards antibiotic resistance the practice is the observable actions of individual towards antibiotic use |
| Prevalence of vancomycin (-resistant Enterococci VRE) | based line value (zero months) | proportion of participants with VRE bacteria that detected in isolated specimen |
Countries
Iraq
Outcome results
None listed