Sunscreening Agents
Conditions
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to determine the static SPF of three sunscreen products (ChapStick Lip Moisturizer \[CLM\] Original, CLM Mint Flavour and CLM Black Cherry Flavour) using the methodology described in the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Final Rule (2011).
Detailed description
A single-center, randomized, controlled, intra-individual comparison, evaluator-blind, clinical study to determine the SPF of three sunscreen lip balms. Each participant will evaluate the three test products, an SPF standard and no treatment. Study treatments will be randomly assigned to 5 test sites delineated on the skin of the participant's back. Test sites will be exposed to doses of ultraviolet (UV) radiation and erythemal response evaluated 16-24 hours later. Minimal erythema dose (MED) will be determined for protected and unprotected sites and used to determine the SPF value of each test product.
Interventions
DRUGChapStick Lip Moisturizer Original
Sunscreen lip balm.
DRUGChapStick Lip Moisturizer Mint
Sunscreen lip balm.
DRUGChapStick Lip Moisturizer Black Cherry
Sunscreen lip balm.
SPF Standard (7 percent \[%\] Padimate-O and 3% Oxybenzone)
Sponsors
HALEON
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
Only the outcomes (erythema) assessor is blinded to treatment allocation
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 70 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Participant must provide a signed and dated, legally effective, informed consent document, which indicates they have been informed of all pertinent aspects of the study, before any study procedures are performed. * Participant must provide relevant details of their medical history and current/recent medications and treatments (self-reported). * Participant must have completed an annual Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Authorization form. * Participant must have completed a Photo Release Form. * Participant must be able to read, write, speak and understand English. * Participant must be in good general health. * Participant must have uniform skin color over the test area (skin of the back between the shoulder blades and above the waistline) and an Individual Typology Angle (ITA) value more than (\>)28 degree. * Participant must have Fitzpatrick Skin Type I, II or III * Participant must have sufficient area of suitable skin on their back for at least six 40 centimeter square (cm\^2) test sites. * Willing to have body hair clipped by a technician if participant has excessive hair in the test area. * Participant must have a valid form of personal identification (photo identity \[ID\], driver's license, passport, permanent resident card, military ID card; forms cannot be expired). * Male and female participants of child-bearing potential must agree to use a highly effective method of contraception for the duration of the study and for 14 days after their last treatment application. (Note: Note: A participant is considered to be of child-bearing potential if, in the opinion of the Principle Investigator (PI), they are biologically capable of having children and sexually active.
Exclusion criteria
* Participant with a scheduled or planned Covid-19 vaccination during likely dates of study participation. * Participant with a history of abnormal response to sunlight/UV radiation. * Participant with a history of sensitivity to any ingredient of the test material or skin marker pen, or to latex; or any known sensitivities/allergies, including but not limited to cosmetic/toiletry products and topically applied skin treatment products/drugs. * Participant with any significant dermatological condition, such as atopic dermatitis (eczema), psoriasis, skin cancer, melanoma, active dermal lesions, nevi, blemishes or moles, lupus, diabetes, or connective tissue disease, that would increase the risk associated with participation. (Note: presence of non-dysplastic nevi, blemishes, or moles would be acceptable if, in the opinion of the PI, they will neither jeopardize participant safety or compromise study outcomes. A participant with dysplastic nevi should be disqualified. * Participant receiving any treatment with medications that would, in the opinion of the PI, confound study outcomes or increase the risk associated with participation, such as systemic or topical corticosteroids, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, antihistamines, antihypertension medications, or any other photosensitive medications. (Note: The prohibited medication list will be available to site staff for reference during screening) * Participant who has used topical or systemic steroids, antihistamines, antibiotics or anti-inflammatory medications within 7 days of Study Day 1 which, in the opinion of the PI, could interfere with study outcomes. * Participant who has used/applied any personal care products (for example, lotions, sunscreens, sunless tanners) and/or topical medications in/on the test area within 24 hours of Study Day 1. * Participant who is unwilling to cease use of personal care products (for example, lotions, sunscreens, sunless tanners) and/or topical medications in/on the test area for the duration of the study. * Participant with any known communicable disease(s) (for example, Human Immunodeficiency Virus \[HIV\], Sexually Transmitted Diseases \[STD's\], Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and so on) * Participant with skeletal protrusions and/or extreme areas of curvature in the test area. * Participant with a medical treatment/vaccination (other than the Covid-19 vaccination) planned during the study, which would make them ineligible, place them at undue risk, or confound the outcome of the study, per the discretion of the PI. * Participant who has undergone any surgical procedure in the last 12 months. * Participant who has undergone chemical or physical treatment procedures in the test area within the last 12 months. * Planned hospitalization during the study. * Participant who exceeds a weight limit of 300 pounds due to equipment limitations. * Participant with any condition that might confound the study results, increase the risk associated with participation, or interfere with study participation. * Female participant who is pregnant, planning to become pregnant during the study, or breastfeeding (self-reported). * Participant with any visible sunburn or suntan in test area. * Participant with visible sun damage, scarring or tattoos in the test area that would interfere with study participation. * Participant with any sun exposure and/or use of an artificial tanning lamp on the test area within 2 months of Study Day 1. * Participant who is unwilling to avoid sun exposure and/or cease use of an artificial tanning lamp on the test area for the duration of the study. * Participant who has participated in any clinical study involving UV exposure within the last 2 months, or any other type of clinical study within the last 1 month. * Participant who is an employee/contractor or immediate family member of the PI, study site or Sponsor.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Arithmetic Mean SPF Values | From 16 to 24 hours post UV exposure | SPF values for each test product and the SPF standard were first calculated for each individual participant: SPFi = MEDp/MEDuR (p=protected \[treated\] site; u=unprotected \[untreated\] site). The arithmetic mean SPF, standard deviation (SD) and standard error (SE) were then calculated separately for each test product and the SPF standard from valid SPFi data: SPF = (∑SPFi)/n; SD = √\[(∑SPFi\^2) - ((∑SPFi)\^2/n) / (n-1))\]; SE = SD/√n (n = no. participants providing valid test results). For SPF determination to be considered valid, in compliance with FDA Final Rule 2011, the mean SPF value of the SPF standard should fall within the SD range of the expected SPF (i.e.,16.3 ± 3.43 or 12.87 to 19.73). The MED is the lowest dose of UV radiation that produces the first perceptible erythema with clearly defined borders (covering more than 50% of the exposure site), 16 to 24 hours (hrs) after UV exposure administration. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
The study was conducted at single center in United States.
Pre-assignment details
Five test sites on each participant's back were randomized to treatment (3 test products; Sun Protection Factor (SPF) standard; one untreated site used to determine repeat unprotected MED \[MEDuR\]). A total of 11 participants were enrolled; 11 received ChapStick Lip Moisturizer (CLM) Original (11 test sites);10 received CLM Mint (10 sites); 11 received CLM Black Cherry (11 test sites); 11 received SPF Standard (11 test sites).
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| All Study Participants Study participants were randomly assigned to receive a single topical application of 4 study treatments (CLM Original; CLM Mint; CLM Black Cherry; SPF Standard) or no treatment to 5 of the 8 test sites delineated on the skin of their back; 80 +/- 2 mg product was applied to each 40 cm\^2 test site (2.00 +/- 0.05 mg/cm\^2). Test sites received a progressive sequence of timed UV radiation exposures and were evaluated for erythema immediately after irradiation and 16-24 hours later. A total of 11 participants were enrolled; 11 received CLM Original (11 test sites); 10 received CLM Mint (10 test sites); 11 received CLM Black Cherry (10 test sites); 11 received the SPF Standard (11 test sites). The mean static SPF of the test product (CLM Original and CLM Black Cherry Flavour) were calculated from the 10 valid datasets for the test product from 11 participants. | 11 |
| Total | 11 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | All Study Participants |
|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 11 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 7 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 4 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk | EG003 affected / at risk | EG004 affected / at risk | EG005 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 11 | 0 / 11 | 0 / 10 | 0 / 10 | 0 / 11 | 0 / 11 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 11 | 0 / 11 | 0 / 10 | 0 / 10 | 0 / 11 | 0 / 11 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 11 | 0 / 11 | 0 / 10 | 0 / 10 | 0 / 11 | 0 / 11 |
Outcome results
Primary
Arithmetic Mean SPF Values
SPF values for each test product and the SPF standard were first calculated for each individual participant: SPFi = MEDp/MEDuR (p=protected \[treated\] site; u=unprotected \[untreated\] site). The arithmetic mean SPF, standard deviation (SD) and standard error (SE) were then calculated separately for each test product and the SPF standard from valid SPFi data: SPF = (∑SPFi)/n; SD = √\[(∑SPFi\^2) - ((∑SPFi)\^2/n) / (n-1))\]; SE = SD/√n (n = no. participants providing valid test results). For SPF determination to be considered valid, in compliance with FDA Final Rule 2011, the mean SPF value of the SPF standard should fall within the SD range of the expected SPF (i.e.,16.3 ± 3.43 or 12.87 to 19.73). The MED is the lowest dose of UV radiation that produces the first perceptible erythema with clearly defined borders (covering more than 50% of the exposure site), 16 to 24 hours (hrs) after UV exposure administration.
Time frame: From 16 to 24 hours post UV exposure
Population: Analysis Population: all randomized participants who received study treatment and provided valid results.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| CLM Original | Arithmetic Mean SPF Values | 13.9 Ratio | Standard Deviation 1.34 |
| SPF Standard (CLM Original Dataset) | Arithmetic Mean SPF Values | 16.1 Ratio | Standard Deviation 1.16 |
| CLM Mint | Arithmetic Mean SPF Values | 14.3 Ratio | Standard Deviation 1.25 |
| SPF Standard (CLM Mint Dataset) | Arithmetic Mean SPF Values | 15.8 Ratio | Standard Deviation 0.79 |
| CLM Black Cherry | Arithmetic Mean SPF Values | 14.8 Ratio | Standard Deviation 2.74 |
| SPF Standard (CLM Black Cherry Dataset) | Arithmetic Mean SPF Values | 16.1 Ratio | Standard Deviation 1.16 |