Hypersomnolence
Conditions
Keywords
Narcolepsy type 1, Narcolepsy type 2, Idiopathic hypersomnia
Brief summary
This study is a within subject's assessment of whether a novel wearable technology, NextSense electroencephalography earbuds (EEGBuds), is able to detect differences in onset to sleep from wake versus in-laboratory, gold-standard electroencephalography (EEG) utilized as part of a standard four trial Maintenance of Wakefulness Test (MWT) at medicated baseline versus free of prescribed medications for promoting wake (random order).
Detailed description
Detection of sleepiness has for more than four decades relied upon methods that acquire the electroencephalogram (EEG) from multiple surface electrodes applied to the scalp and hardware that amplifies and stores information on a central processing unit (CPU). There are substantial limitations to this methodology beyond the fact that it is time, labor, and cost intensive. Such procedures restrict a subject's freedom of movement and necessitate that patients are monitored by trained staff in an accredited laboratory which levies substantial time and financial burdens upon patients and families. Finally, the test-re-test reliability and utility of testing paradigms reliant solely on an EEG 'signature' to detect statistically meaningful - let alone clinically meaningful - changes is dubious, and has come under increased scrutiny. This study will assess whether novel wearable technology (NextSense EEGBuds and/or Ellcie Healthy Glasses) are able to detect differences in onset to sleep in patients diagnosed as having one of the central disorders of hypersomnolence (e.g., narcolepsy type 1 or type 2, or idiopathic hypersomnia) while using their prescribed wake promoting medication(s) versus while they are not medicated, and how it's sensitivity compares to differences as detected by the standard MWT. The two study visits will occur within 16 days of one another.
Interventions
Each NextSense EEGBud device comes with a universal-fit and/or custom-fit earmold with biometric sensors to detect the EEG, motion (via tri-axial accelerometers), and heart rate. A unique custom mold is created employing a 3D printer to capture the geometry of a patients' ear and external auditory canal with a ring laser scanner to an accuracy of within 0.1 mm. This design process allows for a custom fit, and therefore both comfort and complete, consistent contact with the inner surface of the ear canal, providing high quality signal capture of brain activity, and head and eye movements. In addition to the custom fit earmold, universal fit earmolds are available as well. The universal fit earmolds were designed also to allow for comfort and consistent contact with the inner surface of the ear canal to provide high quality signal capture of brain activity, and head and eye movements.
DEVICEEllcie Healthy eyeglasses
Ellcie Healthy glasses frames are embedded with multi-modal sensors for measuring eye movements, head movement, and ECG.
OTHERDrug Holiday
Participants will not take their prescribed wakefulness promoting medication(s) for one day to complete the study assessments. Medications typically used to promote wakefulness include amphetamine salts (Adderall), armodafinil (Nuvigil), clarithromycin (Biaxin), flumazenil, methylphenidate (Ritalin), and modafinil (Provigil).
Sponsors
NextSense, Inc.
Emory University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
DEVICE_FEASIBILITY
Masking
SINGLE (Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Adults ages 18-60 years of age previously diagnosed with narcolepsy type I (NT1), narcolepsy type 2 (NT2), or idiopathic hypersomnia (IH). * Requiring daily wake promoting medication(s) continuously for 3 months for diagnosed NT1, NT2 or IH with symptomatic improvement on treatment documented by standard subjective or objective tools.
Exclusion criteria
* Presence of a diagnosed or suspected co-morbid sleep-related breathing disorder, parasomnia, or other sleep-related movement disorder. * Unstable psychiatric disorder (e.g., acute psychosis, acute suicidal ideation or major depressive episode, active substance abuse/dependence). * History of malignancy (active or in remission for \< 2 years) or active infectious disease at time of screening. * Inability to safely tolerate wearing earbuds due to recent injury, skin breakdown, or infection. * Uncorrected near visual acuity no worse than 20/50. * Any other condition which may affect the outcome of this study or safety of the participant as determined by the principal investigator.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in sleep onset latency | Study visits 1 and 2 (up to 16 days) | Sleep onset latency is the time in minutes it takes to transition from wakefulness to sleep. Within-individual change in the mean onset to sleep will be assessed from the two MWT sessions performed as detected by NextSense EEGBuds. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Intraclass correlation between measurement methods | Up to 16 days | The coefficient of intraclass correlation (ICC) between the individual sleep onset latencies as derived by NextSense EEGBuds vs. those revealed by gold standard EEG and conventional scoring. Higher correlation values (typically 0.75 to 1.00) indicate greater agreement between the measurements. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed