Child, Only, Pain Management, Pain, Procedural
Conditions
Keywords
pain, procedural, fear, child, distraction methods
Brief summary
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of two different distraction methods on reducing pain and fear during blood collection from children. The study was conducted between January 2020 and May 2021.
Detailed description
The study was a pretest-posttest, parallel group randomized controlled experimental design. H0: The pain and fear mean scores of the intervention group, in which the distraction method (ball squeezing and blowing bubbles) was applied during the blood collection process, was not different from the control group. The study was carried out with the participation of 111 children aged 6-12 years and their parents, who underwent blood collection in the emergency department of a state hospital. Children were randomly assigned to blowing bubbles (n:37), ball squeezing (n:37) and control (n:37) groups. Bubble blowing and ball squeezing methods were used to distract attention during the blood collection process. Data were collected with Child and Family Information Form, Wong Baker Faces Pain Scale, Child Fear Scale. Pretest and posttest measurements were recorded separately by the child, parent and researcher. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, Tamhane's T2 test, t test for dependent groups were used in the analysis of the data. The statistical significance of the results was taken as p\<0,05
Interventions
PROCEDUREBubble blowing method
The investigators were used Bubble blowing method and ball squeezing method. To child were used a ball squeezing method during the blood collection process.
Sponsors
Selcuk University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Parallel Assignment First sub purpose was designed as parallel group, two intervention groups in pre-test and post-test order, and a randomized controlled control group.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
6 Years to 12 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Being between the ages of 6-12 * The child's willingness to voluntarily participate in the study * Parent's willingness to participate in the study voluntarily * Parent and child can speak Turkish
Exclusion criteria
* The child has a disease that causes chronic pain * The child has a hearing or visual impairment * The child has a mental or neurological disability * The child has used drugs that will create an analgesic effect in the last 24 hours before the application
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Wong Baker Pain Faces Scale mean score | First ten minute | Wong-Baker Pain Faces Scale is widely used with people ages three and older, not limited to children. This self-assessment tool must be understood by the patient, so they are able to choose the face that best illustrates the physical pain they are experiencing. It is a tool to be used by a third person, parents, healthcare professionals, or caregivers, to assess the patient's pain. The scale is 0-10 scale. The six illustrated faces on the cards show a range of emotions, from a smiling face (0 'no pain) to a crying face (10 worst pain). 0 indicates no pain, 10 indicates the most severe pain. It defines the child's pain level before and after the blood collection. |
| Children's Fear Scale mean score | First ten minute | Children's Fear Scale is a scale of 0-4 showing five faces ranging from a neutral expression (0 = no concern) to the feared face (4 = severe anxiety). A score of 0 indicates no fear and a score of 4 indicates extremely fearful. Defines the change of fear level before and after during the blood collection. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed