Oral Glutamine and Thoracic/Upper Aerodigestive Tumors Radiation Toxicity

Biopsy Confirmed Head and Neck Cancer and Tumors of the Chest

Glutamine; chest tumors; lung cancer; head and neck cancer; clinical studies; human subjects

PROTOCOL FOR PREVENTIVE ADMINISTRATION OF GLUTAMINE TO AVOID RADIATE SIDE EFFECTS IN PATIENTS UNDER RADIOTHERAPY IN THE CHEST AND HEAD & NECK PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The purpose of the protocol is to study the acute and distant toxicity of the mucosa of the oral cavity and esophagus after radiotherapy for head-neck and tumors of the chest. Radiation therapy in all cases is a three-dimensional conformal technique with a linear accelerator. INCLUSION CRITERIA Patients undergoing radiotherapy with or without concomitant chemotherapy for Ca nasopharynx, hypopharynx, palate, tonsils, mouth base, parotid, tongue, cervix and esophagus as well as mediastinal and lung cancer. EXCLUSION CRITERIA Patients with psychiatric problems and inability to cooperate, as well as patients with gluten intolerance, as well as patients with hepatic encephalopathy or hyperammonemia, are excluded from the study. METHODS Oral glutamine administration starting 4 days before the start of radiotherapy and for a total of 3 months. The preparation is dissolved in water and taken orally 4 hours before radiotherapy and 4 hours before dinner. FOLLOW UP Immediately after completion of radiotherapy at 3, 6 and 12 months, orthoscopy (on symptoms) and oral mucosal examination will be performed on patients who have undergone cervical and mediastinal radiotherapy and their evaluation based on the EORTC-RTOG scale. REFERENCES 1. Anderson PM, Schroeder G, Skubitz KM. Oral glutamine reduces the duration and severity of stomatitis after cytotoxic cancer chemotherapy. Cancer: 1998; 83: 1433-1439. 2. Cerchietti LC, Navigante AH, Lutteral MA, Castro MA, Kirchuk R, Bonomi M et al. Double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial on intravenous L-alanyl-L-glutamine in the incidence of oral mucosis following chemotherapy in patients with head-and-neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006 Aug 1; 65 (5): 1330-7. 3. Peterson DE, Jones JB, Petit RG 2nd. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of Saforis for prevention and treatment of oral mucositis in breast cancer patients receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Cancer. 2007 Jan 15; 109(2): 322-31. 4. Kozelsky TF, Meyers GE, Sloan JA, Shanahan TG, Dick SJ et al; North Central Cancer Treatment Group. Mayo Clinic Phase III double-blind study of glutamine versus placebo for the prevention of acute diarrhea in patients receiving pelvic radiation therapy. J Clin Oncol 2003 May 1; 21 (9):1669-74. 5. Topkan E, Yavuz MN, et al Prevention of acute radiation-induced esophagitis with glutamine in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with radiotherapy: Evaluation of clinical and dosimetric parameters. Lung Cancer, 2008 August 6. 6. Ismael Membrive Conejo, Ana Reig Castillejo, Nuria Rodriguez de Dios, Palmira Foro Arnalot, Javier Sanz Latiesas, et al: Prevention of acute radiation enteritis: efficacy and tolerance of glutamine. Clinical and Translational Oncology. Vol 13, Number 10 (2011), 760-763, DOI: 10.1007/st 2094-011-0729-3. 7. Yoshida S, Kaibara A, Ishibashi N, Shirouzu K. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients Nutrition. 2001: 17:766-768. 8. Klimberg SV, McClellan Jl. Glutamine, cancer and its therapy. Am J Surg. 1996;172: 172:418-424. 9. Rouse K, Nwokedi E, Woodliff JE, Epstein J, Klimberg VS. Glutamine enhances selectivity of chemotherapy through changes in glutathione metabolism. Ann Surg. 1995; 221:420-426. 10. Baxevanis CN, Reclos GJ, Grittapis AD et al Elevated PGE2 production by monocytes is responsible for the depressed levels of NK&LAK cell function in patients with breast cancer Cancer. 1993; 12:491-501. 11. Erdem NZ, Yasti AC, Atli M, et al. The effects of perioperative oral enteral support with glutamine added elemental formulas in patients with gastrointestinal cancers: a prospective randomized clinical study. Nutr Res.2002:22:977-988. 12. Berk L, James J, Schwartz A, Hug E, Mahadevan A, Samuels M et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a beta hydroxyl beta-methyl butyrate, glutamine, and arginine mixture for the treatment of cancer cachexia. Support Care Cancer. 2008 Oct; 16 (10): 1179-88. Epub 2008 Feb 22.