Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Conditions
Brief summary
Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal is a relatively rare cancer (less than 3% of digestive cancers) but its incidence has been increasing in recent decades, probably because of its association with HPV (human papillomavirus) infection. Its extension is mainly locoregional pelvic by lymphatic route, rarely metastatic. The standard treatment nowadays is radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy for locally advanced tumors (T2 or more corresponding to a size of 2 cm or more, or N+): mitomycin C and 5-FU (or capecitabine). While the 5-year disease control rates are excellent in localized forms, around 80%, for locally advanced tumors, the prognosis is poorer, with only 70% progression-free survival at 3 years in patients treated with radiochemotherapy. In these patients, it seems particularly interesting to understand the mechanisms of tumor resistance to treatments, in order to increase their efficacy and to propose new therapeutic targets. The microenvironment of solid tumors, which has been extensively studied in the last two decades, is now recognized as a major factor in tumor development and invasion. Immune cells, and more particularly macrophages, represent an essential component of the tumor microenvironment, and constitute a link between innate and adaptive responses. The presence of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and in particular M2 macrophages, with an anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor action (as opposed to M1 macrophages which are on the contrary tumoricidal and pro-inflammatory), has been studied in many cancers, such as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, cervical squamous cell carcinoma, and non-small cell lung cancer. To investigator's knowledge, it has not been studied in squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Fondation Hôpital Saint-Joseph
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
RETROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patient whose age ≥ 18 years * Patient with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal for which he/she has received radiotherapy/chemotherapy: tumor \> 2cm and/or locoregional lymph node involvement * Patient whose main treatment (radiotherapy and chemotherapy) was performed at the Paris Saint-Joseph Hospital * French-speaking patient
Exclusion criteria
* Patient with missing or unanalyzable material * Patient with missing data * Patient under guardianship or curatorship * Patient deprived of liberty * Patient under court protection * Patient objecting to the use of his data for this research
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Effect of tumor-associated macrophages on treatment efficacy in locally advanced | Year 1 | This outcome corresponds to tumor recurrence (local or distant) at 1 year. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages | Year 1 | This outcome corresponds to distribution of tumor-associated macrophages according to their phenotype, M1 or M2, and their location (intra-tumor, peri-tumor stroma). |
Countries
France
Outcome results
None listed