Burn Out (Psychology), Stress (Psychology)
Conditions
Keywords
nurses, coloring, brief mindfulness-based intervention, mental well-being, mindfulness
Brief summary
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether nurses who did mindful coloring for at least five working days during a 10-day period experienced stress reduction afterwards.
Detailed description
Enrolled participants who met inclusion criteria (full-time clinical nurses working for at least five days during a specified 10-day period) were randomized in 1:1 ratio to the coloring or control groups. A third party did the allocation sequence and concealment. After giving informed consent, participants completed the baseline questionnaire and the coloring group watched an instructional video on mindful coloring. The coloring group were asked to color for any length of time on at least five working days during a 10-day period (period A) while the control group were asked to do it on a subsequent 10-day (period B). The post-intervention questionnaire was completed by both groups at the end of period A. The study was completed after period B.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALColoring as a brief mindfulness-based intervention
Participants watched an instructional video on mindful coloring at the beginning of the intervention and colored mindfully for at least 5 days or 100 minutes in total during a 10-day period. The intervention included a coloring booklet that contained mandala patterns for coloring.
Sponsors
City University of Hong Kong
Chinese University of Hong Kong
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Participants were allocated into the experimental and wait-list control groups. The experimental group colored for at least 5 days during a 10-day period while the control group did not.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Full time clinical nurses working under the Hospital Authority who would be working for at least 5 days during a specified 10-day study period.
Exclusion criteria
\-
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in perceived stress | Time point 1: pre-intervention. Time point 2: post-intervention (10 days) | Scores of 0-40 measured by the Perceived Stress Scale. A positive outcome is indicated by a lower post-intervention score. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in mental well-being | Time point 1: pre-intervention. Time point 2: post-intervention (10 days) | Scores of 7-35 measured by the short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale. A positive outcome is indicated by a higher post-intervention score. |
| Change in burnout | Time point 1: pre-intervention. Time point 2: post-intervention (10 days) | Three subscales (each with a separate score) assessing three facets of burnout including Emotional Exhaustion (scores 0-54), Depersonalisation (scores 0-30) and Personal Accomplishment (scores 0-48) measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey for medical personnel. Burnout is represented by a combination of high emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores, together with a low personal accomplishment score. Positive outcomes are indicated by a lower score in Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalisation, and a higher score in Personal Accomplishment. |
| Change in trait mindfulness | Time point 1: pre-intervention. Time point 2: post-intervention (10 days) | Scores of 24-120 measured by the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire - short form. A positive outcome is indicated by a higher post-intervention score. |
Countries
Hong Kong
Outcome results
None listed