Dyskinesias, Parkinsonism, Psychosis, Schizophrenia
Conditions
Brief summary
The purpose of this project is to investigate whether a 3-week training program involving music beat (serving as a type of rhythmic auditory stimulation) reduces the severity of bradykinesia and dyskinesia in at-risk individuals and schizophrenia patients. It is hypothesized that the program is effective in reducing the severity of bradykinesia and dyskinesia in at-risk individuals and schizophrenia patients.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALRhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS)
The song named 'Sign of The Times' is played and recorded by the research personnel beforehand. The beat of the song will serve as RAS. The computer software Audacity will be used to adjust tempi of RAS. Before intervention, the participant is required to execute the movement task without the aid of RAS as quickly as possible for 30 seconds, so that we obtain his/her baseline movement tempo. For each 40-minute training session in the first training week, three RAS tempi will be provided for the first, second, and last 10 minutes with a five-minute break in between: normal (100% of the baseline tempo), quick (105% of the baseline tempo), and fast (110% of the baseline tempo). With each training week, the three RAS tempi will be increased by 5%. Participants in the experimental groups are required to use their right hand to pick up beads from source bowls to the target bowl when listening to the song. The 3-week intervention program will include 21 40-minute daily training sessions.
BEHAVIORALno RAS
The training protocol will be the same as that used in the experimental group except the lack of RAS during execution of the movement task.
Sponsors
Dr WANG Shumei
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
13 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
For at-risk participants: Inclusion criteria: 1. A score of or above 9 in the Chinese version of the 16-item Prodromal Questionnaire (CPQ-16), or a score of or above 8.18 in the Chinese version of Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences with 15 items (CAPE-C15), or a score of or above 17 in Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQ-B); 2. an age of 13 years or above; 3. score \> 60 in The Chinese version of Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (CH-EBI) to ensure right handedness; and 4. score ≥ 22 in Montreal Cognitive Assessment Hong Kong Version (HK-MoCA) to ensure no serious cognitive deficits so that they can understand instructions.
Exclusion criteria
1. psychiatric diagnosis by self-report; 2. cardiovascular, neurological, muscular or orthopedic diseases that may affect hand movements; 3. taking psychiatric medications; 4. substance abuse; and 5. being pregnant. For schizophrenia participants: Inclusion criteria: 1. a diagnosis of schizophrenia without other psychiatric diseases; 2. the age ≥ 18 years; 3. score \> 60 in CH-EBI to ensure right handedness; and 4. score ≥ 22 in HK-MoCA to ensure no serious cognitive deficits so that they can understand instructions.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Motion analysis by using an eight-camera motion capture system (VICON; Oxford Metrics Group, Oxford, UK) | Within one week right before the 1st session of the intervention | normalized movement time (representing severity of bradykinesia). Unit: second/mm |
Countries
Hong Kong
Outcome results
None listed