Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Conditions
Keywords
Pulmonary, hypertension, sotatercept
Brief summary
The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of sotatercept (MK-7962, formerly called ACE-011) treatment (plus maximum tolerated background pulmonary arterial hypertension \[PAH\] therapy) versus placebo (plus maximum tolerated background PAH therapy) on time to first event of all cause death, lung transplantation, or PAH worsening-related hospitalization of ≥24 hours, in participants with World Health Organization (WHO) functional class (FC) III or FC IV PAH at high risk of mortality.
Detailed description
This is a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate sotatercept when added to maximum tolerated background PAH therapy on time to first event of all-cause death, lung transplantation, or PAH worsening related hospitalization of ≥24 hours, in participants with WHO FC III PAH or WHO FC IV PAH at high risk of mortality. Participants who were eligible for this study presented with symptomatic PAH that was classified as idiopathic, heritable, drug- or toxin-induced, associated with connective tissue disease, or post-shunt correction.
Interventions
DRUGSotatercept
SC injection
OTHERPlacebo
Placebo-matched SC injection
Sponsors
Acceleron Pharma, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ USA
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator)
Intervention model description
Each eligible participant will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to 1 of the following 2 treatment arms during a double-blind placebo-controlled treatment period: * Sotatercept at a starting dose of 0.3 mg/kg, with a target dose of 0.7 mg/kg, subcutaneously (SC) every 21 days plus background PAH therapy; or * Placebo administered SC every 21 days plus background PAH therapy.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Documented diagnostic right heart catheterization prior to screening confirming the diagnosis of WHO PAH Group 1 in any of the following subtypes: * Idiopathic PAH * Heritable PAH * Drug/toxin-induced PAH * PAH associated with CTD * PAH associated with simple, congenital systemic to pulmonary shunts at least 1 year following repair * Symptomatic PAH classified as WHO FC III or IV * REVEAL Lite 2.0 risk score of ≥9 * Right heart catheterization performed during screening (or within 2 weeks prior to screening, if done at the clinical study site) documenting a minimum PVR of ≥5 Wood units and a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) or left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) of ≤15 mmHg * Clinically stable and on stable doses of maximum tolerated (per investigator's judgment) double or triple background PAH therapies for at least 30 days prior to screening * Females of childbearing potential must: * Have 2 negative urine or serum pregnancy tests as verified by the investigator prior to starting study therapy; must agree to ongoing urine or serum pregnancy testing during the course of the study and until 8 weeks after the last dose of the study drug * If sexually active with a male partner, have used, and agree to use highly effective contraception without interruption per protocol; for at least 28 days prior to starting the investigational product, during the study (including dose interruptions), and for 16 weeks (112 days) after discontinuation of study treatment * Refrain from breastfeeding a child or donating blood, eggs, or ovum for the duration of the study and for at least 16 weeks (112 days) after the last dose of study treatment * Male participants must: * Agree to use a condom, defined as a male latex condom or nonlatex condom NOT made out of natural (animal) membrane (e.g., polyurethane), during sexual contact with a pregnant female or a female of childbearing potential while participating in the study, during dose interruptions, and for at least 16 weeks (112 days) following investigational product discontinuation, even if he has undergone a successful vasectomy * Refrain from donating blood or sperm for the duration of the study and for 16 weeks (112 days) after the last dose of study treatment * Ability to adhere to study visit schedule and understand and comply with all protocol requirements * Ability to understand and provide written informed consent
Exclusion criteria
* Diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) WHO Groups 2, 3, 4, or 5 * Diagnosis of the following PAH Group 1 subtypes: human immunodeficiency virus-associated PAH and PAH associated with portal hypertension * Diagnosis of pulmonary veno-occlusive diseases or pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis or overt signs of capillary and/or venous involvement * Hemoglobin at screening above gender-specific upper limit of normal (ULN), per local laboratory test * Baseline platelet count \<50,000/mm3 (\<50.0 x 109/L) at screening * Baseline systolic blood pressure \<85 mmHg at screening * Pregnant or breastfeeding women * Serum alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase levels or total bilirubin \>3.0×ULN * Currently enrolled in or have completed any other investigational product study within 30 days for small molecule drugs or within 5 half-lives for biologics prior to the date of signed informed consent * Prior exposure to sotatercept or known allergic reaction to sotatercept, its excipients or luspatercept * History of pneumonectomy * Untreated more than mild obstructive sleep apnea * History of known pericardial constriction * History of restrictive or congestive cardiomyopathy * Electrocardiogram (ECG) with Fridericia's corrected QT interval (QTcF) \>500 ms during the screening period * Personal or family history of long QT syndrome or sudden cardiac death * Left ventricular ejection fraction \<45% on historical echocardiogram within 1 year prior to the screening visit * Any current or prior history of symptomatic coronary disease (prior myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, or cardiac anginal chest pain) in the past 6 months prior to the screening visit * Cerebrovascular accident within 3 months prior to the screening visit * Significant (≥ 2+ regurgitation) mitral regurgitation or aortic regurgitation valvular disease * Currently on dialysis or anticipated need for dialysis within the next 12 months
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Time to First Confirmed Morbidity or Mortality Event | Up to approximately 31 months | Morbidity or mortality events were defined as all-cause death, lung transplantation, or PAH worsening-related hospitalization of ≥24 hours. All events were adjudicated by a blinded, independent committee of clinical experts. Only adjudication-confirmed lung transplantation and PAH worsening-related hospitalization of ≥24 hours were included in the primary analysis. All deaths that are a first event for a participant were included regardless of adjudication. The time from randomization to the first confirmed morbidity or mortality event, calculated using the non-parametric Kaplan-Meier method, is presented. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Survival (OS) | Up to approximately 31 months | OS was defined as the time from randomization to death due to any cause. As pre-specified in the SAP, all deaths up to data cutoff, including among participants who completed or discontinued the study, were included except for those that occurred after enrollment in the long-term follow-up study (MK-7962-004) or after lung transplantation. The OS for participants, calculated using the non-parametric Kaplan-Meier method, is reported. |
| Transplant-free Survival | Up to approximately 31 months | Transplant-free survival was defined as the time from randomization to the first lung transplantation or death due to any cause. As pre-specified in the SAP, all deaths up to data cutoff, including among participants who completed or discontinued the study, were included except for those that occurred after enrollment in the long-term follow-up study (MK-7962-004) or after lung transplantation. Transplant-free survival for participants, calculated using the non-parametric Kaplan-Meier method, is reported. |
| Percentage of Participants Who Experienced a Mortality Event | Up to approximately 31 months | Mortality events were defined as death due to any cause throughout the study. As pre-specified in the SAP, all deaths up to data cutoff, including among participants who completed or discontinued the study, were included except for those that occurred after enrollment in the long-term follow-up study (MK-7962-004) or after lung transplantation. The percent of participants who experienced a mortality event is reported. |
| Change From Baseline in REVEAL Lite 2.0 Risk Score at Week 24 | Baseline and Week 24 | REVEAL Lite 2.0 risk scoring is used to guide PAH treatment decisions. Total score uses 6 variables with each assessed based on contribution to mortality risk. Variables and sub-score ranges: eGFR (0, +1), WHO FC (-1, 0, +1, +2), SBP (0, +1), heart rate (0, +1), 6MWD (-2, -1, 0, +1), and NT-proBNP (-2, 0, +2). Sub-scores are added to a base score of +6 and a total score of 1 to 14 is obtained (≤5=low risk; 6,7=intermediate risk; ≥8=high risk). A higher score = higher risk. Median change and full ranges are reported based on observed data. |
| Percentage of Participants Achieving a Low or Intermediate (≤7) REVEAL Lite 2 Risk Score at Week 24 | Week 24 | REVEAL Lite 2.0 risk scoring is used to guide PAH treatment decisions. Total score uses 6 variables with each assessed based on contribution to mortality risk. Variables and sub-score ranges: eGFR (0, +1), WHO FC (-1, 0, +1, +2), SBP (0, +1), heart rate (0, +1), 6MWD (-2, -1, 0, +1), and NT-proBNP (-2, 0, +2). Sub-scores are added to a base score of +6 and a total score of 1 to 14 is obtained (≤5=low risk; 6,7=intermediate risk; ≥8=high risk). A higher score = higher risk. Per SAP, participants who did not have a REVEAL risk score at Week 24 were considered as non-responders and multiple imputation was not conducted for this endpoint. Comparisons between this analysis reporting non-imputed data should not be made to other REVEAL analyses which included imputation of missing Week 24 data. The percentage of participants who achieved a low or intermediate REVEAL Lite 2.0 score at Week 24 is reported. |
| Change From Baseline in NT-proBNP Levels at Week 24 | Baseline and Week 24 | NT-proBNP is secreted by cardiomyocytes in response to ventricular stretch and is an established noninvasive marker of ventricular dysfunction in patients with PAH. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at Week 24 to measure NT-proBNP levels. Median change and full ranges are reported based on observed data. |
| Change From Baseline in Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (mPAP) at Week 24 | Baseline and Week 24 | mPAP is a hemodynamic variable associated with PAH severity and was measured measured at baseline and at Week 24 by right heart catheterization (RHC). Median change and full ranges are reported based on observed data. |
| Change From Baseline in Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (PVR) | Baseline and Week 24 | PVR is a hemodynamic variable associated with PAH severity and was measured at baseline and at Week 24 by right heart catheterization (RHC). Median change and full ranges are reported based on observed data. |
| Percentage of Participants Who Improve in WHO FC | Baseline and up to approximately 31 months | The severity of a participant's PAH symptoms was graded using the WHO FC system. WHO functional classification for PAH ranges from Class I (no limitation in physical activity, no dyspnea with normal activity), Class II (slight limitation of physical activity), Class III (marked limitation of physical activity), and Class IV (cannot perform a physical activity without any symptoms, dyspnea at rest). Participants who improve in WHO FC were classified into "Improved", "No change", or "Worsened" (Improved = reduction in FC; Worsened = increase in FC; No change = no change in FC). The percentage of participants who had improvement from baseline in WHO FC at the end of the treatment period is reported. |
| Change From Baseline in 6MWD at Week 24 | Baseline and Week 24 | 6MWD was measured using the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). The 6MWT measures the distance covered in 6 minutes and is intended to measure changes in functional exercise capacity. Each participant's 6MWD was measured at baseline and at 24 weeks. An increase in the distance walked during the 6MWT indicated improvement in functional exercise capacity. Median change and full ranges are reported based on observed data. |
| Change From Baseline in Cardiac Output (CO) at Week 24 | Baseline and Week 24 | CO is a prognostic hemodynamic parameter measured at baseline and at Week 24 by RHC. Median change and full ranges are reported based on observed data. |
| Change From Baseline in European Quality of Life (EuroQoL)-5 Dimensions-5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L) Index Score at Week 24 | Baseline and Week 24 | EQ-5D-5L is a standardized measure of health status, consisting of 5 health dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression), each assessed on a 5-point scale (1=no problem, 2=slight problems, 3=moderate problems, 4=severe problems, 5=extreme problems). Participants score each dimension based on their health that day and their responses are used to generate a health index score. Index scores could range from \<0 (a health state equivalent to dead with negative values representing a state worse than dead) to 1 (full health). Higher scores indicated better health and a positive change in score indicated improved overall health. Per SAP, multiple imputation was used to impute missing data at Week 24 for reasons other than death or a non-fatal clinical worsening event. Range was based on the minimum and maximum of median scores across the imputed dataset (100 repetitions). The change from baseline to Week 24 in EQ-5D-5L index score is reported. |
Countries
Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, Spain, United Kingdom, United States
Contacts
STUDY_DIRECTORMedical Director
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Of 255 screened participants, 173 were randomized. One participant was randomized in error and did not receive study treatment. This participant was discontinued from the study and no data was collected. As pre-specified in the statistical analysis plan (SAP), this participant was excluded from all study analyses. Therefore, analyses are presented for 172 participants.
Pre-assignment details
Protocol-specified final analysis of all outcome measures is reported here. Per protocol, participants completing this study may have been eligible to enroll in an open-label, long-term follow-up study (MK-7962-004; NCT04796337).
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Sotatercept Participants on background PAH therapy were administered sotatercept by subcutaneous (SC) injection at a starting dose of 0.3 mg/kg, with a target dose of 0.7 mg/kg, every 21 days for up to approximately 26 months. | 86 |
| Placebo Participants on background PAH therapy were administered placebo by SC injection every 21 days for up to approximately 26 months. | 86 |
| Total | 172 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Sotatercept | Placebo | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 55.3 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.3 | 53.5 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.3 | 54.4 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.3 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 6 Participants | 12 Participants | 18 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 78 Participants | 73 Participants | 151 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 3 Participants |
| PAH Subtype Drug or toxin-induced PAH | 6 Participants | 5 Participants | 11 Participants |
| PAH Subtype Heritable PAH | 11 Participants | 7 Participants | 18 Participants |
| PAH Subtype Idiopathic PAH | 42 Participants | 44 Participants | 86 Participants |
| PAH Subtype PAH associated with connective tissue disease | 22 Participants | 26 Participants | 48 Participants |
| PAH Subtype PAH associated with simple, congenital systemic-to-pulmonary shunts >1 year following shunt repair | 5 Participants | 4 Participants | 9 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Asian | 4 Participants | 3 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Black or African American | 5 Participants | 4 Participants | 9 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized More than one race | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Unknown or Not Reported | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized West Indian | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized White | 73 Participants | 76 Participants | 149 Participants |
| Registry to Evaluate Early and Long-Term PAH Disease Management (REVEAL) Lite 2.0 Score ≥11 | 26 Participants | 26 Participants | 52 Participants |
| Registry to Evaluate Early and Long-Term PAH Disease Management (REVEAL) Lite 2.0 Score <9 | 1 Participants | 3 Participants | 4 Participants |
| Registry to Evaluate Early and Long-Term PAH Disease Management (REVEAL) Lite 2.0 Score 9 to 10 | 59 Participants | 57 Participants | 116 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 61 Participants | 71 Participants | 132 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 25 Participants | 15 Participants | 40 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 13 / 86 | 20 / 86 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 82 / 86 | 77 / 86 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 52 / 86 | 64 / 86 |
Outcome results
Primary
Time to First Confirmed Morbidity or Mortality Event
Morbidity or mortality events were defined as all-cause death, lung transplantation, or PAH worsening-related hospitalization of ≥24 hours. All events were adjudicated by a blinded, independent committee of clinical experts. Only adjudication-confirmed lung transplantation and PAH worsening-related hospitalization of ≥24 hours were included in the primary analysis. All deaths that are a first event for a participant were included regardless of adjudication. The time from randomization to the first confirmed morbidity or mortality event, calculated using the non-parametric Kaplan-Meier method, is presented.
Time frame: Up to approximately 26 months
Population: All randomized participants who received at least one dose of study treatment.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Sotatercept | Time to First Confirmed Morbidity or Mortality Event | NA Months |
| Placebo | Time to First Confirmed Morbidity or Mortality Event | 9.6 Months |
p-value: <0.000195% CI: [0.13, 0.43]Log Rank
Secondary
Change From Baseline in 6MWD at Week 24
6MWD was measured using the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). The 6MWT measures the distance covered in 6 minutes and is intended to measure changes in functional exercise capacity. Each participant's 6MWD was measured at baseline and at 24 weeks. An increase in the distance walked during the 6MWT indicated improvement in functional exercise capacity. Per SAP, multiple imputation was used to impute the missing data at Week 24 for reasons other than death or a non-fatal clinical worsening event. Range was based on the minimum and maximum of median scores across the imputed dataset (100 repetitions). Thus, median change from baseline and range could be the same or show minimal variability. The change from baseline in 6MWD at Week 24 is reported.
Time frame: Baseline and Week 24
Population: All randomized participants who received at least one dose of study treatment and who were randomized more than 24 weeks prior to the data cutoff.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Sotatercept | Change From Baseline in 6MWD at Week 24 | 45.39 Meters |
| Placebo | Change From Baseline in 6MWD at Week 24 | -5.36 Meters |
p-value: <0.00195% CI: [23.22, 102.73]Aligned Rank Stratified Wilcoxon
Secondary
Change From Baseline in Cardiac Output (CO) at Week 24
CO is a prognostic hemodynamic parameter measured at baseline and at Week 24 by RHC. Per SAP, multiple imputation was used to impute the missing data at Week 24 for reasons other than death or a non-fatal clinical worsening event. Range was based on the minimum and maximum of median scores across the imputed dataset (100 repetitions). Thus, median change from baseline and range could be the same or show minimal variability. The change from baseline in CO at Week 24 is reported.
Time frame: Baseline and Week 24
Population: All randomized participants who received at least one dose of study treatment and who were randomized more than 24 weeks prior to the data cutoff.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Sotatercept | Change From Baseline in Cardiac Output (CO) at Week 24 | -0.1 Liters/minute |
| Placebo | Change From Baseline in Cardiac Output (CO) at Week 24 | -0.38 Liters/minute |
p-value: 0.11995% CI: [-0.18, 1.16]Aligned Rank Stratified Wilcoxon
Secondary
Change From Baseline in European Quality of Life (EuroQoL)-5 Dimensions-5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L) Index Score at Week 24
EQ-5D-5L is a standardized measure of health status, consisting of 5 health dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression), each assessed on a 5-point scale (1=no problem, 2=slight problems, 3=moderate problems, 4=severe problems, 5=extreme problems). Participants score each dimension based on their health that day and their responses are used to generate a health index score. Index scores could range from \<0 (a health state equivalent to dead with negative values representing a state worse than dead) to 1 (full health). Higher scores indicated better health and a positive change in score indicated improved overall health. Per SAP, multiple imputation was used to impute missing data at Week 24 for reasons other than death or a non-fatal clinical worsening event. Range was based on the minimum and maximum of median scores across the imputed dataset (100 repetitions). The change from baseline to Week 24 in EQ-5D-5L index score is reported.
Time frame: Baseline and Week 24
Population: All randomized participants who received at least one dose of study treatment, who were randomized more than 24 weeks prior to the data cutoff, and who had data available from at least one baseline and post-baseline PRO assessment.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Sotatercept | Change From Baseline in European Quality of Life (EuroQoL)-5 Dimensions-5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L) Index Score at Week 24 | 0.060 Scores on a Scale |
| Placebo | Change From Baseline in European Quality of Life (EuroQoL)-5 Dimensions-5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L) Index Score at Week 24 | 0.007 Scores on a Scale |
Secondary
Change From Baseline in Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (mPAP) at Week 24
mPAP is a prognostic hemodynamic parameter measured at baseline and at Week 24 by right heart catheterization (RHC). Per SAP, multiple imputation was used to impute the missing data at Week 24 for reasons other than death or a non-fatal clinical worsening event. Range was based on the minimum and maximum of median scores across the imputed dataset (100 repetitions). Thus, median change from baseline and range could be the same or show minimal variability. The change from baseline in mPAP at Week 24 is reported.
Time frame: Baseline and Week 24
Population: All randomized participants who received at least one dose of study treatment and who were randomized more than 24 weeks prior to the data cutoff.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Sotatercept | Change From Baseline in Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (mPAP) at Week 24 | -13.6 mmHg |
| Placebo | Change From Baseline in Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (mPAP) at Week 24 | 5.5 mmHg |
p-value: <0.00195% CI: [-27.78, -14.59]Aligned Rank Stratified Wilcoxon
Secondary
Change From Baseline in NT-proBNP Levels at Week 24
NT-proBNP is secreted by cardiomyocytes in response to ventricular stretch and is an established noninvasive marker of ventricular dysfunction in patients with PAH. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at Week 24 to measure NT-proBNP levels. Per SAP, multiple imputation was used to impute the missing data at Week 24 for reasons other than death or a non-fatal clinical worsening event. Range was based on the minimum and maximum of median scores across the imputed dataset (100 repetitions). Thus, median change from baseline and range could be the same or show minimal variability. The change from baseline in NT-proBNP levels at Week 24 is reported.
Time frame: Baseline and Week 24
Population: All randomized participants who received at least one dose of study treatment and who were randomized more than 24 weeks prior to the data cutoff.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Sotatercept | Change From Baseline in NT-proBNP Levels at Week 24 | -1233.0 pg/mL |
| Placebo | Change From Baseline in NT-proBNP Levels at Week 24 | 255.4 pg/mL |
p-value: <0.00195% CI: [-3378.74, -1299.44]Aligned Rank Stratified Wilcoxon
Secondary
Change From Baseline in Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (PVR)
PVR is a prognostic hemodynamic variable of pulmonary circulation and was measured at baseline and at Week 24 by right heart catheterization (RHC). Per SAP, multiple imputation was used to impute the missing data at Week 24 for reasons other than death or a non-fatal clinical worsening event. Range was based on the minimum and maximum of median scores across the imputed dataset (100 repetitions). Thus, median change from baseline and range could be the same or show minimal variability. The change from baseline in PVR at Week 24 is reported.
Time frame: Baseline and Week 24
Population: All randomized participants who received at least one dose of study treatment and who were randomized more than 24 weeks prior to the data cutoff.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Sotatercept | Change From Baseline in Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (PVR) | -156.6 Dynes*sec/cm^5 |
| Placebo | Change From Baseline in Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (PVR) | 46.6 Dynes*sec/cm^5 |
p-value: <0.00195% CI: [-511.09, -168.06]Aligned Rank Stratified Wilcoxon
Secondary
Change From Baseline in REVEAL Lite 2.0 Risk Score at Week 24
REVEAL Lite 2.0 risk scoring is used to guide PAH treatment decisions. Total score uses 6 variables with each assessed based on contribution to mortality risk. Variables and sub-score ranges: eGFR (0, +1), WHO FC (-1, 0, +1, +2), SBP (0, +1), heart rate (0, +1), 6MWD (-2, -1, 0, +1), and NT-proBNP (-2, 0, +2). Sub-scores are added to a base score of +6 and a total score of 1 to 14 is obtained (≤5=low risk; 6,7=intermediate risk; ≥8=high risk). A higher score = higher risk. Per SAP, multiple imputation was used to impute the missing data at Week 24 for reasons other than death or a non-fatal clinical worsening event. Range was based on the minimum and maximum of median scores across the imputed dataset (100 repetitions). Thus, median change from baseline and range could be the same or show minimal variability. Comparisons with other REVEAL analyses may not be possible due to Week 24 data imputation. The change from baseline in REVEAL Lite 2.0 risk score at Week 24 is reported.
Time frame: Baseline and Week 24
Population: All randomized participants who received at least one dose of study treatment and who were randomized more than 24 weeks prior to the data cutoff.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Sotatercept | Change From Baseline in REVEAL Lite 2.0 Risk Score at Week 24 | -3.0 Scores on a scale |
| Placebo | Change From Baseline in REVEAL Lite 2.0 Risk Score at Week 24 | 0.0 Scores on a scale |
p-value: <0.00195% CI: [-4.25, -1.88]Aligned Rank Stratified Wilcoxon
Secondary
Overall Survival (OS)
OS was defined as the time from randomization to death due to any cause. As pre-specified in the SAP, all deaths up to data cutoff, including among participants who completed or discontinued the study, were included except for those that occurred after enrollment in the long-term follow-up study (MK-7962-004) or after lung transplantation. The OS for participants, calculated using the non-parametric Kaplan-Meier method, is reported.
Time frame: Up to approximately 26 months
Population: All randomized participants who received at least one dose of study treatment.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Sotatercept | Overall Survival (OS) | NA Months |
| Placebo | Overall Survival (OS) | NA Months |
p-value: 0.031395% CI: [0.17, 1.07]Log Rank
Secondary
Percentage of Participants Achieving a Low or Intermediate (≤7) REVEAL Lite 2 Risk Score at Week 24
REVEAL Lite 2.0 risk scoring is used to guide PAH treatment decisions. Total score uses 6 variables with each assessed based on contribution to mortality risk. Variables and sub-score ranges: eGFR (0, +1), WHO FC (-1, 0, +1, +2), SBP (0, +1), heart rate (0, +1), 6MWD (-2, -1, 0, +1), and NT-proBNP (-2, 0, +2). Sub-scores are added to a base score of +6 and a total score of 1 to 14 is obtained (≤5=low risk; 6,7=intermediate risk; ≥8=high risk). A higher score = higher risk. Per SAP, participants who did not have a REVEAL risk score at Week 24 were considered as non-responders and multiple imputation was not conducted for this endpoint. Comparisons between this analysis reporting non-imputed data should not be made to other REVEAL analyses which included imputation of missing Week 24 data. The percentage of participants who achieved a low or intermediate REVEAL Lite 2.0 score at Week 24 is reported.
Time frame: Baseline and Week 24
Population: All randomized participants who received at least one dose of study treatment, who were randomized more than 24 weeks prior to the data cutoff, and who had a REVEAL Lite 2.0 risk score \>7 at baseline.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Sotatercept | Percentage of Participants Achieving a Low or Intermediate (≤7) REVEAL Lite 2 Risk Score at Week 24 | 49.3 Percentage of Participants |
| Placebo | Percentage of Participants Achieving a Low or Intermediate (≤7) REVEAL Lite 2 Risk Score at Week 24 | 15.3 Percentage of Participants |
p-value: <0.00195% CI: [18.41, 46.98]Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel
Secondary
Percentage of Participants Who Experienced a Mortality Event
Mortality events were defined as death due to any cause throughout the study. As pre-specified in the SAP, all deaths up to data cutoff, including among participants who completed or discontinued the study, were included except for those that occurred after enrollment in the long-term follow-up study (MK-7962-004) or after lung transplantation. The percent of participants who experienced a mortality event is reported.
Time frame: Up to approximately 26 months
Population: All randomized participants who received at least one dose of study treatment.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Sotatercept | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced a Mortality Event | 8.1 Percentage of Participants |
| Placebo | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced a Mortality Event | 15.1 Percentage of Participants |
p-value: 0.13595% CI: [-17.65, 2.41]Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel
Secondary
Percentage of Participants Who Improve in WHO FC
The severity of a participant's PAH symptoms was graded using the WHO FC system. WHO functional classification for PAH ranges from Class I (no limitation in physical activity, no dyspnea with normal activity), Class II (slight limitation of physical activity), Class III (marked limitation of physical activity), and Class IV (cannot perform a physical activity without any symptoms, dyspnea at rest). Participants who improve in WHO FC were classified into Improved, No change, or Worsened (Improved = reduction in FC; Worsened = increase in FC; No change = no change in FC). The percentage of participants who had improvement from baseline in WHO FC at the end of the treatment period is reported.
Time frame: Baseline and up to approximately 26 months
Population: All randomized participants who received at least one dose of study treatment.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Sotatercept | Percentage of Participants Who Improve in WHO FC | 55.8 Percentage of Participants |
| Placebo | Percentage of Participants Who Improve in WHO FC | 27.9 Percentage of Participants |
p-value: <0.00195% CI: [12.85, 40.98]Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel
Secondary
Transplant-free Survival
Transplant-free survival was defined as the time from randomization to the first lung transplantation or death due to any cause. As pre-specified in the SAP, all deaths up to data cutoff, including among participants who completed or discontinued the study, were included except for those that occurred after enrollment in the long-term follow-up study (MK-7962-004) or after lung transplantation. Transplant-free survival for participants, calculated using the non-parametric Kaplan-Meier method, is reported.
Time frame: Up to approximately 26 months
Population: All randomized participants who received at least one dose of study treatment.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Sotatercept | Transplant-free Survival | NA Months |
| Placebo | Transplant-free Survival | NA Months |
p-value: 0.003995% CI: [0.15, 0.78]Log Rank