Bariatric Surgery Candidate, Body Image
Conditions
Brief summary
This study investigated whether focusing on one's body functionality (i.e., everything the body can do, rather than how it looks) would lead to improvements in body image, self-esteem, and self-kindness among women who have undergone bariatric surgery.
Interventions
OTHERExpand Your Horizon
Expand Your Horizon is an online programme, comprising three 15min writing exercises delivered over the course of 1 week. In each writing exercise, participants are asked to describe the functions of their body, and why those are personally meaningful to them.
Sponsors
Nederlandse Obesitas Kliniek
Dutch Research Council
Maastricht University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
SINGLE (Investigator)
Masking description
Participants are randomised to group by the online research system. The investigator does not know what group participants have been assigned to. Participants are aware whether they have been assigned to the intervention or comparison (waitlist) group.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Identifying as female, being between 18 and 65 years old, having undergone bariatric surgery 5-7 months prior to the study, and qualifying for standard aftercare at the Nederlandse Obesitas Kliniek (NOK; Dutch Obesity Clinic).
Exclusion criteria
* N/A
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in functionality satisfaction over time (pretest, posttest, follow-ups) | Pretest (Day 1), posttest (Day 5), 1-week follow-up (Day 12), 3-month follow-up (Day 95) | Functionality satisfaction was assessed using the Physical Condition Subscale (PCS) of the Body Esteem Scale (BES). Scores range from 1-5, with higher scores demonstrating higher functionality satisfaction. |
| Change in body responsiveness over time (pretest, posttest, follow-ups) | Pretest (Day 1), posttest (Day 5), 1-week follow-up (Day 12), 3-month follow-up (Day 95) | Body responsiveness was assessed using the Body Responsiveness Questionnaire (BRQ). Scores range from 1-7, with higher scores demonstrating higher body responsiveness. |
| Change in self-objectification over time (pretest, posttest, follow-ups) | Pretest (Day 1), posttest (Day 5), 1-week follow-up (Day 12), 3-month follow-up (Day 95) | Self-objectification was assessed using the Self-Objectification Questionnaire (SOQ). Scores range from -25 to 25, with lower scores demonstrating higher levels of self-objectification. |
| Change in appearance satisfaction over time (pretest, posttest, follow-ups) | Pretest (Day 1), posttest (Day 5), 1-week follow-up (Day 12), 3-month follow-up (Day 95) | Appearance satisfaction was assessed using the Body Areas Satisfaction Subscale (BASS) of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ). Scores range from 1-5, with higher scores demonstrating higher appearance satisfaction. |
| Change in body appreciation over time (pretest, posttest, follow-ups) | Pretest (Day 1), posttest (Day 5), 1-week follow-up (Day 12), 3-month follow-up (Day 95) | Body appreciation was assessed using the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2). Scores range from 1-5, with higher scores demonstrating higher body appreciation. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in self-kindness over time (pretest, posttest, follow-ups) | Pretest (Day 1), posttest (Day 5), 1-week follow-up (Day 12), 3-month follow-up (Day 95) | Self-kindness was assessed using the Self-Kindness Subscale (SKS) of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). Scores range from 1-7, with higher scores reflecting higher levels of self-kindness. |
| Changes in self-esteem over time (pretest, posttest, follow-ups) | Pretest (Day 1), posttest (Day 5), 1-week follow-up (Day 12), 3-month follow-up (Day 95) | Self-esteem was assessed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE). Scores range from 10-40, with higher scores reflecting higher levels of self-esteem. |
Countries
Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed