Candida Albicans Infection, Cigarette Smoking
Conditions
Keywords
Candida albicans, curcumin, nystatin, photodynamic therapy, rose bengal
Brief summary
Cigarette smoking in conjugation with bad oral hygiene is considered a typical predisposing factor for many oral diseases including denture stomatitis. This study investigated the effect of Rose Bengal (RB)-and Curcumin (CUR)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) in comparison with nystatin therapy in the intervention of denture stomatitis in cigarette smokers. Overall, 45 habitual cigarette smokers aged \ 58 years having denture stomatitis were categorized into three groups: Group-I - RB-mediated PDT, Group-II - CUR-mediated PDT, and Group-III - Nystatin therapy. The primary outcome of the interest was: counts of Candida colony from denture surface and palatal mucosa, calculated as CFU/mL, whereas the prevalence of Candida species determined in 3 research groups comprised the secondary outcome. Oral swab specimens were gathered from the denture surfaces and palatal mucosa. All clinical assessments were performed at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. C. albicans was the most prevalent yeast identified on both denture surfaces and palatal mucosa, followed by C. tropicalis and C. glabrata. A considerable decrease in the CFU/mL scores were observed in Group-I and Group-II at the end of the interventions and on the 12-week follow-up (p\<0.05). Group-I, II, and III demonstrated clinical efficacy rates of 53%, 51%, and 49%, respectively. CUR-and RB-mediated PDT was found to be as effective as topical Nystatin therapy for the intervention of denture stomatitis among cigarette smokers.
Interventions
DRUGCurcumin
Curcumin was bought from Sigma®, USA, and its solution was freshly prepared by mixing curcumin powder with phosphate-buffered saline.
DRUGRose Bengal
Rose bengal was bought from Sigma®, USA, and its solution was freshly prepared by mixing rose bengal powder with phosphate-buffered saline.
DRUGNystatin
Rinsing with topical nystatin (100,000 UI/mL) suspension for 60 seconds
Sponsors
King Saud University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE (Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
50 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
The inclusion criteria consisted of the following: (1) completely edentulous participants; (2) removable complete denture wearers diagnosed with denture stomatitis (loss of filiform papillae, erythema, and feeling of mucosal burning); and (3) habitual cigarette smokers (individuals smoking at least 1 cigarette per day since ≥3 years).
Exclusion criteria
The
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Candida albican | 12 weeks | Counts of Candida colony calculated as colony forming unit (CFU)/mL |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Candida species | 12 weeks | Prevalence of other Candida species |
Countries
Saudi Arabia
Outcome results
None listed