Work-related Injury
Conditions
Keywords
latino day laborers
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of VALES+Tú in reducing hazardous exposures at work and to determine the mediating effect of psychosocial stressors on VALES+Tú primary outcomes
Interventions
BEHAVIORALindividual -Brief Motivational Intervention (BMI)
A baseline survey will be administered prior to the session.Sessions will be initiated by exploring working conditions and psychosocial factors that may influence risk for work related injuries. If the LDL is motivated to change the target behavior, a 'change plan' will be developed which involves identifying reasons for change, goals in making change, specific actions and timelines, and others who may help the person change. The final step will be the development of a personal safety plan to reduce work place risks and a discussion of the following topics: (a) how they will know if their plan is successful, (b) potential obstacles, and (c) what the worker can do if the plan does not work. Finally,each worker will be asked to write and sign a personal pledge (Mi Promesa) to implement his own safety plan.Follow-up surveys will be conducted 4 weeks after the baseline survey.
BEHAVIORALGroup (Group Problem Solving)
Participants will be administered a baseline survey prior to session. The GPS intervention consists of a discussion between 2-5 LDLs and a trained group facilitator. The sessions will last 30-45 minutes and are intended to encourage and support Latino day laborers (LDL) to act to reduce work-related hazards and promote worksite safety. The intervention combines four participatory and group problem solving activities to engage in collaborative learning: an icebreaker, the risk identification, action planning, and Nuestra Promesa (Our Pledge). The last activity requires LDL to select a risk reduction behavior and then to fill out and sign a card detailing a pledge to implement a safety plan. Follow up surveys will be conducted four weeks post intervention, to assess participants' change in attitudes, beliefs, and risk reducing behavior and their implementation or their safety plan.
BEHAVIORALStandard of Care (OSHA 10 Safety Cards)
Participant will be administered a baseline survey prior to the session.Participants in this standard of care control group will receive four wallet size cards with information about risk reduction strategies to deal with the four hazards responsible for most workplace fatalities in Texas: falls, struck by, heat exposure and cuts. The laminated cards are adapted from OSHA's website publicly available materials in Spanish for workers with limited literacy.
Sponsors
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)
The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Cluster randomized
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* self-identify as Hispanic or Latino * be present at the corner for the purpose of looking for work
Exclusion criteria
* have not been previously hired to work at a corner * symptoms of COVID-19 in the previous 48 hours
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Work Hazard Exposure as Assessed by a Survey | Baseline, 4 weeks post intervention | Total score on the work hazard exposure survey ranges from 1 - 4, with a higher score indicating greater work hazard exposures. The data are reported as score at post-intervention minus score at baseline. |
| Change in Work Conditions as Assessed by a Survey | Baseline, 4 weeks post intervention | Total score on the work conditions survey ranges from 1 - 4, with a higher score indicating greater adverse work conditions. The data are reported as score at post-intervention minus score at baseline. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Safety Practices as Assessed by a Survey | Baseline, 4 weeks post intervention | The score for each of the 22 safety practices items ranged from 1-4, with a higher score indicating greater safety practice. The total score for the complete scale consisting of all 22 items is the average of items responded to and also ranged from 1-4. Separate scores for each subscale were computed similarly. The first subscale consisted of eight items; the second consisted of four items, and the third consisted of three items--the score for each subscale ranged from 1-4, with a higher score indicating greater safety practice. There were seven original items that were not associated with the subscales derived from the factor analyses. The data are reported as scores at post-intervention minus scores at baseline. |
| Number of Participants That Implemented the Safety Plan as Assessed by a Survey | 4 weeks post intervention | Participants were asked if they implemented the safety plan and they were asked to answer as yes, no or partially |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Standard of Care Standard of Care (OSHA 10 Safety Cards): Participant will be administered a baseline survey prior to the session.Participants in this standard of care control group will receive four wallet size cards with information about risk reduction strategies to deal with the four hazards responsible for most workplace fatalities in Texas: falls, struck by, heat exposure and cuts. The laminated cards are adapted from OSHA's website publicly available materials in Spanish for workers with limited literacy. | 112 |
| Individual (Brief Motivational Intervention) individual -Brief Motivational Intervention (BMI): A baseline survey will be administered prior to the session.Sessions will be initiated by exploring working conditions and psychosocial factors that may influence risk for work related injuries. If the LDL is motivated to change the target behavior, a 'change plan' will be developed which involves identifying reasons for change, goals in making change, specific actions and timelines, and others who may help the person change. The final step will be the development of a personal safety plan to reduce work place risks and a discussion of the following topics: (a) how they will know if their plan is successful, (b) potential obstacles, and (c) what the worker can do if the plan does not work. Finally,each worker will be asked to write and sign a personal pledge (Mi Promesa) to implement his own safety plan.Follow-up surveys will be conducted 4 weeks after the baseline survey. | 100 |
| Group (Group Problem Solving) Group (Group Problem Solving): Participant will be administered a baseline survey prior to the session.The group activity intervention will consist of a discussion between 3-4 LDL and a promotor (a peer LDL) trained as a group facilitator. The sessions are expected to last 20-30 minutes and are intended to provide an opportunity for the participants to work on a safety problem together, get to know each other, and enhance their mutual safety through mutual support.Follow-up surveys will be conducted 4 weeks after the baseline survey. Oral informed consent will be obtained prior to each follow-up survey. The follow-up surveys will reassess participants' work and injury experiences and experiences with the safety intervention they were provided - safety cards, change plan, or safety plan. | 106 |
| Total | 318 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Standard of Care | Total | Group (Group Problem Solving) | Individual (Brief Motivational Intervention) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 46 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.3 | 45.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.7 | 46.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.3 | 44.1 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.3 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 112 Participants | 318 Participants | 106 Participants | 100 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 112 Participants | 318 Participants | 106 Participants | 100 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 112 Participants | 318 Participants | 106 Participants | 100 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 112 Participants | 318 Participants | 106 Participants | 100 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 112 | 0 / 100 | 0 / 106 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 112 | 0 / 100 | 0 / 106 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 112 | 0 / 100 | 0 / 106 |
Outcome results
Primary
Change in Work Conditions as Assessed by a Survey
Total score on the work conditions survey ranges from 1 - 4, with a higher score indicating greater adverse work conditions. The data are reported as score at post-intervention minus score at baseline.
Time frame: Baseline, 4 weeks post intervention
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard of Care | Change in Work Conditions as Assessed by a Survey | -0.21 score on a scale | Standard Error 0.54 |
| Individual (Brief Motivational Intervention) | Change in Work Conditions as Assessed by a Survey | -0.21 score on a scale | Standard Error 0.49 |
| Group (Group Problem Solving) | Change in Work Conditions as Assessed by a Survey | -0.38 score on a scale | Standard Error 0.59 |
Primary
Change in Work Hazard Exposure as Assessed by a Survey
Total score on the work hazard exposure survey ranges from 1 - 4, with a higher score indicating greater work hazard exposures. The data are reported as score at post-intervention minus score at baseline.
Time frame: Baseline, 4 weeks post intervention
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard of Care | Change in Work Hazard Exposure as Assessed by a Survey | -0.25 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.56 |
| Individual (Brief Motivational Intervention) | Change in Work Hazard Exposure as Assessed by a Survey | -0.07 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.52 |
| Group (Group Problem Solving) | Change in Work Hazard Exposure as Assessed by a Survey | -0.26 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.5 |
Secondary
Change in Safety Practices as Assessed by a Survey
The score for each of the 22 safety practices items ranged from 1-4, with a higher score indicating greater safety practice. The total score for the complete scale consisting of all 22 items is the average of items responded to and also ranged from 1-4. Separate scores for each subscale were computed similarly. The first subscale consisted of eight items; the second consisted of four items, and the third consisted of three items--the score for each subscale ranged from 1-4, with a higher score indicating greater safety practice. There were seven original items that were not associated with the subscales derived from the factor analyses. The data are reported as scores at post-intervention minus scores at baseline.
Time frame: Baseline, 4 weeks post intervention
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard of Care | Change in Safety Practices as Assessed by a Survey | Safety Practices: Proactive Communication | -0.16 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.93 |
| Standard of Care | Change in Safety Practices as Assessed by a Survey | Safety Practices: Preparation Safety | -0.15 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.71 |
| Standard of Care | Change in Safety Practices as Assessed by a Survey | Safety Practices: Harm Mitigation | 0.02 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.61 |
| Standard of Care | Change in Safety Practices as Assessed by a Survey | Safety Practices: All Items | -0.11 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.49 |
| Individual (Brief Motivational Intervention) | Change in Safety Practices as Assessed by a Survey | Safety Practices: Preparation Safety | 0.01 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.8 |
| Individual (Brief Motivational Intervention) | Change in Safety Practices as Assessed by a Survey | Safety Practices: Proactive Communication | 0.04 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.13 |
| Individual (Brief Motivational Intervention) | Change in Safety Practices as Assessed by a Survey | Safety Practices: All Items | 0.03 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.59 |
| Individual (Brief Motivational Intervention) | Change in Safety Practices as Assessed by a Survey | Safety Practices: Harm Mitigation | -0.01 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.59 |
| Group (Group Problem Solving) | Change in Safety Practices as Assessed by a Survey | Safety Practices: Proactive Communication | 0.10 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.9 |
| Group (Group Problem Solving) | Change in Safety Practices as Assessed by a Survey | Safety Practices: Harm Mitigation | 0.06 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.64 |
| Group (Group Problem Solving) | Change in Safety Practices as Assessed by a Survey | Safety Practices: All Items | 0.03 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.53 |
| Group (Group Problem Solving) | Change in Safety Practices as Assessed by a Survey | Safety Practices: Preparation Safety | 0.01 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.73 |
Secondary
Number of Participants That Implemented the Safety Plan as Assessed by a Survey
Participants were asked if they implemented the safety plan and they were asked to answer as yes, no or partially
Time frame: 4 weeks post intervention
Population: The participants in the standard of care arm did not make a safety plan; therefore, safety plan data were not collected for the standard of care arm. Also, data for this outcome measure were not collected from 34/82 participants in the Brief Motivational Intervention arm and 34/75 participants in the Group Problem Solving arm.
| Arm | Measure | Category | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard of Care | Number of Participants That Implemented the Safety Plan as Assessed by a Survey | Yes | 0 Participants |
| Standard of Care | Number of Participants That Implemented the Safety Plan as Assessed by a Survey | No | 0 Participants |
| Standard of Care | Number of Participants That Implemented the Safety Plan as Assessed by a Survey | Partially | 0 Participants |
| Individual (Brief Motivational Intervention) | Number of Participants That Implemented the Safety Plan as Assessed by a Survey | Yes | 18 Participants |
| Individual (Brief Motivational Intervention) | Number of Participants That Implemented the Safety Plan as Assessed by a Survey | No | 5 Participants |
| Individual (Brief Motivational Intervention) | Number of Participants That Implemented the Safety Plan as Assessed by a Survey | Partially | 25 Participants |
| Group (Group Problem Solving) | Number of Participants That Implemented the Safety Plan as Assessed by a Survey | No | 5 Participants |
| Group (Group Problem Solving) | Number of Participants That Implemented the Safety Plan as Assessed by a Survey | Partially | 12 Participants |
| Group (Group Problem Solving) | Number of Participants That Implemented the Safety Plan as Assessed by a Survey | Yes | 24 Participants |