Health Promotion
Conditions
Brief summary
The study explored the effects of the cardiovascular disease risk reduction intervention on diabetes fatalism, self-care activities, social support, knowledge, perceived self-managment among a rural population.
Detailed description
An experimental pretest-posttest control group design was used to assess the effects of a diabetes health promotion intervention among participants recruited from rural churches located in the southern United States. The intervention, called Project Power, is a culturally relevant, church-based diabetes education program that was developed by the American Diabetes Association (ADA). Participating churches were randomized to experimental and control groups using random numbers tables having numerical parity no greater than 2. Since an individual church is the unit of randomization, all of the participants in that church received the same treatment condition. Churches randomized to the intervention group received the health promotion program, and those designated to the control group received an educational brochure. Recruitment, data collection and intervention delivery, for the intervention group, occurred on the church grounds.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALProject POWER
Diabetes health promotion/cardiovascular disease risk reduction educational curriculum
Sponsors
Florida State University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Cluster randomized trial
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
22 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Self-identified African Americans aged 22 years or older, who have been diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 or 2
Exclusion criteria
* Other than African American, younger than 22 years of age
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Diabetes Self-care Activities | Baseline | The Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities (SDSCA) (Toobert, Hampson, & Glascow, 2000) includes multiple choice questions and items about self-care behaviors answered in days per week. The internal consistency of the instrument is adequate (α = .71). The scores ranged from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 105. Higher scores indicated better diabetes self-care. |
| Diabetes Knowledge | Baseline | The Revised Diabetes Knowledge Test: Michigan Diabetes Research Center (Fitzgerald et al., 2016) is a 23-item multiple choice diabetes knowledge test. The scale has good reliability for both the general test (α = .77) and the insulin use subscale (α = .84). The twenty scored items were worth 5 points each for a maximum of 100 points total. Higher scores indicated higher knowledge levels. |
| Change from Baseline Diabetes Self-care Activities at Three Weeks | Three weeks after baseline | The Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities (SDSCA) (Toobert, Hampson, & Glascow, 2000) includes multiple choice questions and items about self-care behaviors answered in days per week. The internal consistency of the instrument is adequate (α = .71). The scores ranged from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 105. Higher scores indicated better diabetes self-care. |
| Change from Baseline Diabetes Knowledge at Three Weeks | Three weeks after baseline | The Revised Diabetes Knowledge Test: Michigan Diabetes Research Center (Fitzgerald et al., 2016) is a 23-item multiple choice diabetes knowledge test. The scale has good reliability for both the general test (α = .77) and the insulin use subscale (α = .84). The twenty scored items were worth 5 points each for a maximum of 100 points total. Higher scores indicated higher knowledge levels. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from Baseline Perceived Diabetes Self-Management at Three Weeks | Baseline and three weeks later | The Perceived Diabetes Self-Management Scale (PDSMS) (Wallston, Rothman, & Cherrington, 2007) is an 8-item, Likert scale-type tool with responses that range from Strongly Disagree (1) to Strongly Agree (5) for each of the 8 items. The tool measures self-care perceptions and has excellent internal consistency (α = .83). The total score ranged from a minimum of 8 points and maximum of 40. Higher scores indicate greater perceptions of diabetes self-management. |
| Diabetes Fatalism | Baseline and three weeks later | The Diabetes Fatalism Scale (Egede & Ellis, 2010) is a 12-item, 6-point Likert scale that measures the three constructs associated with diabetes fatalism: emotional distress, coping, and self-efficacy. The measure has excellent internal consistency (α = .83). The total score ranged from a minimum of 12 points and maximum of 72 points. Higher scores indicated greater diabetes fatalism. |
| Change from Baseline Social Support at Three Weeks | Baseline and three weeks later | The Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (Sherbourne & Stewart, 1991) is a instrument that has one fill-in-the-blank and 19 Likert scale, 5-point items that range from None of the Time (1) to All of the Time (5). The four social support subscales have excellent reliabilities (α = .91 - .97). The possibility of ranges were between 19 and 95, and higher scores indicated higher social support. |
| Perceived Diabetes Self-Management | Baseline and three weeks later | The Perceived Diabetes Self-Management Scale (PDSMS) (Wallston, Rothman, & Cherrington, 2007) is an 8-item, Likert scale-type tool with responses that range from Strongly Disagree (1) to Strongly Agree (5) for each of the 8 items. The tool measures self-care perceptions and has excellent internal consistency (α = .83). The total score ranged from a minimum of 8 points and maximum of 40. Higher scores indicate greater perceptions of diabetes self-management. |
| Social Support | Baseline and three weeks later | The Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (Sherbourne & Stewart, 1991) is a instrument that has one fill-in-the-blank and 19 Likert scale, 5-point items that range from None of the Time (1) to All of the Time (5). The four social support subscales have excellent reliabilities (α = .91 - .97). The possibility of ranges were between 19 and 95, and higher scores indicated higher social support. |
| Change from Baseline Diabetes Fatalism at Three Weeks | Baseline and three weeks later | The Diabetes Fatalism Scale (Egede & Ellis, 2010) is a 12-item, 6-point Likert scale that measures the three constructs associated with diabetes fatalism: emotional distress, coping, and self-efficacy. The measure has excellent internal consistency (α = .83). The total score ranged from a minimum of 12 points and maximum of 72 points. Higher scores indicated greater diabetes fatalism. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed