Chronic Pain
Conditions
Brief summary
Self-medication of pain by consuming alcohol and marijuana is common. However, the research regarding pain as a determinant for alcohol and marijuana use has relied on laboratory pain induction paradigms with limited clinical relevance. The study will assess demand for alcohol and marijuana before and after delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) induction in co-users. This will provide a clinically relevant, but time-limited, model for the effects of musculoskeletal pain on demand.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALEccentric Biceps Flexion
Muscle lengthening biceps exercise
BEHAVIORALConcentric Biceps Flexion
Muscle shortening biceps exercise
Sponsors
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)
Research Society on Alcohol
University of Florida
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
21 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Age ≥ 21 years; * English-speaking * Self-identify as White/Caucasian or Black/African American * Own a smartphone with cellular/data plan * Regularly co-use alcohol and smoked marijuana as indicated by scores of ≥3 on item 1 of the CUDIT-R and AUDIT. * Willing and able to give informed consent
Exclusion criteria
* Participation in biceps-specific conditioning program in the past 6 months\* * Self-reported wrist/hand, elbow, or shoulder pain the past 3 months * Chronic medical condition that may affect pain perception (e.g. diabetes, fibromyalgia, headaches) * Self-reported kidney dysfunction, muscle damage, or major psychiatric disorder * Medical marijuana prescription * Consumption of marijuana using only non-inhalational methods (e.g. edibles, tinctures, or cannabidiol oil) * Score of ≥ 10 on Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (moderate depression) * Women who are pregnant, trying to become pregnant, or breastfeeding
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Alcohol Demand: Breakpoint | 48 hours after exercise | Changes in breakpoint of alcohol demand, assessed using the Alcohol Purchase Task. Breakpoint indicates the drink price at which participants report no alcohol consumption. Values represent difference scores derived from breakpoint values coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up. |
| Alcohol Demand: Omax | 48 hours after exercise | Changes in Omax, assessed using the Alcohol Purchase Task. Omax reflects the highest total amount in dollars that a participant would spend on alcohol-containing beverages. Values represent difference scores derived from log-transformed Omax values coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up. |
| Alcohol Demand: Pmax | 48 hours after exercise | Changes in Pmax, assessed using the Alcohol Purchase Task. Pmax reflects the price point at which demand for alcohol becomes elastic (i.e., declines in response to increasing price). Values represent difference scores derived from log-transformed Pmax values coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up. |
| Alcohol Demand: Essential Value | 48 hours after exercise | Changes in Essential Value, assessed using the Alcohol Purchase Task. Essential Value represents the reinforcing efficacy of alcohol, such that higher Essential Value indicates greater reinforcing efficacy. Values represent difference scores derived from Essential Values coded so that positive numbers indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up. |
| Cannabis Demand: Intensity | 48 hours after exercise | Changes in intensity of cannabis demand, assessed using the Marijuana Purchase Task. Intensity reflects the number of joints that would hypothetically be consumed if they were free. Values represent difference scores derived from log-transformed intensity values coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up. |
| Cannabis Demand: Breakpoint | 48 hours after exercise | Changes in breakpoint of cannabis demand, assessed using the Marijuana Purchase Task. Breakpoint indicates the joint price at which participants report no cannabis consumption. Values represent difference scores derived from breakpoint values coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up. |
| Cannabis Demand: Omax | 48 hours after exercise | Changes in Omax, assessed using the Marijuana Purchase Task. Omax reflects the highest total amount that a participant would spend on cannabis. Values represent difference scores derived from log-transformed Omax values coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up. |
| Cannabis Demand: Pmax | 48 hours after exercise | Changes in Pmax, assessed using the Marijuana Purchase Task. Pmax reflects the price point at which demand for cannabis becomes elastic (i.e., declines in response to increasing price). Values represent difference scores derived from log-transformed Pmax values coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up. |
| Cannabis Demand: Essential Value | 48 hours after exercise | Changes in Essential Value, assessed using the Marijuana Purchase Task. Essential Value represents the reinforcing efficacy of cannabis, such that higher Essential Value indicates greater reinforcing efficacy. Values represent difference scores derived from Essential Values coded so that positive numbers indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up. |
| Alcohol Demand: Intensity | 48 hours after exercise | Changes in intensity of alcohol demand, assessed using the Alcohol Purchase Task. Intensity reflects the number of drinks that would hypothetically be consumed if they were free. Values represent difference scores derived from log-transformed number of drinks coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction Participants will complete an exercise session designed to induce delayed onset muscle soreness in the biceps
Eccentric Biceps Flexion: Muscle lengthening biceps exercise | 26 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction Participants will complete an exercise session that is unlikely to induce delayed onset muscle soreness in the biceps
Concentric Biceps Flexion: Muscle shortening biceps exercise | 25 |
| Total | 51 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Total | Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction | Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 27.08 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.02 | 29.48 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.81 | 24.77 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.46 |
| Alcohol Expectancy VAS 1 | 40.90 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 27.83 | 44.72 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 26.33 | 37.08 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 29.29 |
| Alcohol Expectancy VAS 2 | 26.98 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 17.53 | 28.20 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.89 | 25.81 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 18.31 |
| Alcohol Use Frequency 2 to 3 times a week | 39 Participants | 18 Participants | 21 Participants |
| Alcohol Use Frequency 4 or more times a week | 12 Participants | 7 Participants | 5 Participants |
| Alcohol Use Urge | 29.44 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 27.92 | 40.64 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 28.05 | 19.96 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 24.51 |
| Amount Spent on Alcohol in Past Month | 97.33 dollars STANDARD_DEVIATION 81.82 | 110.48 dollars STANDARD_DEVIATION 84.08 | 84.77 dollars STANDARD_DEVIATION 79.49 |
| Amount Spent on Cannabis in Past Month | 95.58 dollars STANDARD_DEVIATION 101.43 | 102.62 dollars STANDARD_DEVIATION 113.91 | 88.86 dollars STANDARD_DEVIATION 90.1 |
| ASSIST Cannabis Risk Score | 14.43 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.9 | 15.28 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.57 | 13.62 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.23 |
| AUDIT Total Score | 10.94 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.26 | 11.36 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.99 | 10.54 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.52 |
| Cannabis Expectancy VAS 1 | 66.96 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 24.34 | 71.76 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 18.82 | 62.35 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 28.27 |
| Cannabis Expectancy VAS 2 | 38.20 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 26.54 | 38.08 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 26.71 | 38.32 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 26.93 |
| Cannabis Use Frequency 3-4 times a week | 16 Participants | 9 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Cannabis Use Frequency 5-6 times a week | 6 Participants | 5 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Cannabis Use Frequency More than once a day | 9 Participants | 5 Participants | 4 Participants |
| Cannabis Use Frequency Once a day | 6 Participants | 2 Participants | 4 Participants |
| Cannabis Use Frequency Once a week | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Cannabis Use Frequency Twice a week | 12 Participants | 3 Participants | 9 Participants |
| Cannabis Use Urge | 55.74 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 31.51 | 67.58 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 23.99 | 44.81 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 34.02 |
| CUDIT Total Score | 13.14 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.2 | 14.57 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.12 | 11.77 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.92 |
| Drinks Per Drinking Day 1 or 2 | 18 Participants | 11 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Drinks Per Drinking Day 3 or 4 | 17 Participants | 8 Participants | 9 Participants |
| Drinks Per Drinking Day 5 or 6 | 12 Participants | 4 Participants | 8 Participants |
| Drinks Per Drinking Day 7 to 9 | 4 Participants | 2 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Duration of Cannabis Use at Current Frequency 10-15 years | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Duration of Cannabis Use at Current Frequency 1-2 years | 13 Participants | 6 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Duration of Cannabis Use at Current Frequency 1-3 months | 5 Participants | 2 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Duration of Cannabis Use at Current Frequency 2-3 years | 7 Participants | 2 Participants | 5 Participants |
| Duration of Cannabis Use at Current Frequency 3-5 years | 6 Participants | 5 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Duration of Cannabis Use at Current Frequency 3-6 months | 4 Participants | 2 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Duration of Cannabis Use at Current Frequency 5-10 years | 5 Participants | 2 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Duration of Cannabis Use at Current Frequency 6-9 months | 3 Participants | 2 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Duration of Cannabis Use at Current Frequency 9-12 months | 3 Participants | 0 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Duration of Cannabis Use at Current Frequency More than 20 years | 3 Participants | 3 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Employment Employed | 24 Participants | 10 Participants | 14 Participants |
| Employment Unemployed | 27 Participants | 15 Participants | 12 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 11 Participants | 5 Participants | 6 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 40 Participants | 20 Participants | 20 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Frequency of Simultaneous Alcohol and Cannabis Use | 57.76 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 20.6 | 62.32 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 21.26 | 53 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 19.17 |
| GAD-7 | 4.57 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.01 | 4.12 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.43 | 5.00 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.52 |
| History of Alcohol Self-Medication | 65.62 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 50.31 | 73.96 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 45.19 | 57.28 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 54.59 |
| History of Cannabis Self-Medication | 110.63 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 59.24 | 114.08 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 58.64 | 107.31 visual analog scale units STANDARD_DEVIATION 60.77 |
| Negative Urgency | 8.50 units on UPPS-P subscale STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.87 | 8.67 units on UPPS-P subscale STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.82 | 8.35 units on UPPS-P subscale STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.95 |
| Pain-related Negative Affect | 139.90 total score STANDARD_DEVIATION 96 | 140.36 total score STANDARD_DEVIATION 103.37 | 139.46 total score STANDARD_DEVIATION 90.4 |
| PHQ-9 | 4.63 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.76 | 4.92 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.34 | 4.35 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.17 |
| Primary Form of Cannabis Used Concentrates (e.g., oil, wax, shatter, hash, dabs) | 3 Participants | 1 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Primary Form of Cannabis Used Edibles | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Primary Form of Cannabis Used Flower/Herbal Cannabis | 47 Participants | 23 Participants | 24 Participants |
| Primary Method Used to Ingest Cannabis Blunts | 8 Participants | 3 Participants | 5 Participants |
| Primary Method Used to Ingest Cannabis Bong/Water Pipe | 11 Participants | 5 Participants | 6 Participants |
| Primary Method Used to Ingest Cannabis Edibles | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Primary Method Used to Ingest Cannabis Hand pipe | 10 Participants | 4 Participants | 6 Participants |
| Primary Method Used to Ingest Cannabis Joints | 16 Participants | 10 Participants | 6 Participants |
| Primary Method Used to Ingest Cannabis Other | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Primary Method Used to Ingest Cannabis Vaporizer | 4 Participants | 1 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 21 Participants | 11 Participants | 10 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 30 Participants | 14 Participants | 16 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 51 Participants | 25 Participants | 26 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 29 Participants | 14 Participants | 15 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 22 Participants | 11 Participants | 11 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 26 | 0 / 25 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 26 | 0 / 25 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 26 | 0 / 25 |
Outcome results
Primary
Alcohol Demand: Breakpoint
Changes in breakpoint of alcohol demand, assessed using the Alcohol Purchase Task. Breakpoint indicates the drink price at which participants report no alcohol consumption. Values represent difference scores derived from breakpoint values coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up.
Time frame: 48 hours after exercise
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Alcohol Demand: Breakpoint | -6.00 dollars/drink | Standard Deviation 7.62 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Alcohol Demand: Breakpoint | -2.07 dollars/drink | Standard Deviation 5.61 |
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Alcohol Demand: Breakpoint | -1.81 dollars/drink | Standard Deviation 4.45 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Alcohol Demand: Breakpoint | -1.09 dollars/drink | Standard Deviation 8.51 |
Comparison: 2 (Sex: men vs. women) X 2 (Time: Pre- vs. post-exercise) x 2 (Group: DOMS vs. sham DOMS) mixed general linear model on breakpoint for alcohol including baseline urge to consume alcohol and AUDIT score as covariates. Here we report the results of the analysis of the Sex X Time X Group interaction.p-value: 0.26ANCOVA
Primary
Alcohol Demand: Essential Value
Changes in Essential Value, assessed using the Alcohol Purchase Task. Essential Value represents the reinforcing efficacy of alcohol, such that higher Essential Value indicates greater reinforcing efficacy. Values represent difference scores derived from Essential Values coded so that positive numbers indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up.
Time frame: 48 hours after exercise
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Alcohol Demand: Essential Value | -.18 index | Standard Deviation 0.25 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Alcohol Demand: Essential Value | -.072 index | Standard Deviation 0.18 |
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Alcohol Demand: Essential Value | -.24 index | Standard Deviation 0.22 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Alcohol Demand: Essential Value | -.073 index | Standard Deviation 0.28 |
Comparison: 2 (Sex: men vs. women) X 2 (Time: Pre- vs. post-exercise) x 2 (Group: DOMS vs. sham DOMS) mixed general linear model on alcohol essential value including baseline urge to consume alcohol and AUDIT score as covariates. Here we report the results of the analysis of the Sex X Time X Group interaction.p-value: 0.91ANCOVA
Primary
Alcohol Demand: Intensity
Changes in intensity of alcohol demand, assessed using the Alcohol Purchase Task. Intensity reflects the number of drinks that would hypothetically be consumed if they were free. Values represent difference scores derived from log-transformed number of drinks coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up.
Time frame: 48 hours after exercise
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Alcohol Demand: Intensity | -.094 log(drinks) | Standard Deviation 0.295 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Alcohol Demand: Intensity | .047 log(drinks) | Standard Deviation 0.15 |
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Alcohol Demand: Intensity | .0958 log(drinks) | Standard Deviation 0.285 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Alcohol Demand: Intensity | -.07 log(drinks) | Standard Deviation 0.33 |
Comparison: 2 (Sex: men vs. women) X 2 (Time: Pre- vs. post-exercise) x 2 (Group: DOMS vs. sham DOMS) mixed general linear model on intensity of alcohol demand including baseline urge to consume alcohol and AUDIT score as covariates. Here we report the results of the analysis of the Sex X Time X Group interaction.p-value: 0.04ANCOVA
Comparison: 2 (Sex: men vs. women) X 2 (Time: Pre- vs. post-exercise) x 2 (Group: DOMS vs. sham DOMS) mixed general linear model on Intensity of alcohol demand including baseline urge to consume alcohol and AUDIT score as covariates. Here we report the results of the analysis of the effect of Time on Intensity for men in the DOMS group.p-value: 0.26ANCOVA
Comparison: 2 (Sex: men vs. women) X 2 (Time: Pre- vs. post-exercise) x 2 (Group: DOMS vs. sham DOMS) mixed general linear model on Intensity of alcohol demand including baseline urge to consume alcohol and AUDIT score as covariates. Here we report the results of the analysis of the effect of Time on Intensity for women in the DOMS group.p-value: 0.22ANCOVA
Comparison: 2 (Sex: men vs. women) X 2 (Time: Pre- vs. post-exercise) x 2 (Group: DOMS vs. sham DOMS) mixed general linear model on Intensity of alcohol demand including baseline urge to consume alcohol and AUDIT score as covariates. Here we report the results of the analysis of the effect of Time on Intensity for men in the sham DOMS group.p-value: 0.27ANCOVA
Comparison: 2 (Sex: men vs. women) X 2 (Time: Pre- vs. post-exercise) x 2 (Group: DOMS vs. sham DOMS) mixed general linear model on Intensity of alcohol demand including baseline urge to consume alcohol and AUDIT score as covariates. Here we report the results of the analysis of the effect of Time on Intensity for women in the sham DOMS group.p-value: 0.49ANCOVA
Primary
Alcohol Demand: Omax
Changes in Omax, assessed using the Alcohol Purchase Task. Omax reflects the highest total amount in dollars that a participant would spend on alcohol-containing beverages. Values represent difference scores derived from log-transformed Omax values coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up.
Time frame: 48 hours after exercise
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Alcohol Demand: Omax | -.255 (log)dollars | Standard Deviation 0.497 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Alcohol Demand: Omax | -.089 (log)dollars | Standard Deviation 0.2 |
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Alcohol Demand: Omax | -.03 (log)dollars | Standard Deviation 0.4 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Alcohol Demand: Omax | -.168 (log)dollars | Standard Deviation 0.36 |
Comparison: 2 (Sex: men vs. women) X 2 (Time: Pre- vs. post-exercise) x 2 (Group: DOMS vs. sham DOMS) mixed general linear model on Omax for alcohol including baseline urge to consume alcohol and AUDIT score as covariates. Here we report the results of the analysis of the Sex X Time X Group interaction.p-value: 0.11ANCOVA
Primary
Alcohol Demand: Pmax
Changes in Pmax, assessed using the Alcohol Purchase Task. Pmax reflects the price point at which demand for alcohol becomes elastic (i.e., declines in response to increasing price). Values represent difference scores derived from log-transformed Pmax values coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up.
Time frame: 48 hours after exercise
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Alcohol Demand: Pmax | -.19 log(dollars/drink) | Standard Deviation 0.36 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Alcohol Demand: Pmax | -.080 log(dollars/drink) | Standard Deviation 0.24 |
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Alcohol Demand: Pmax | .0054 log(dollars/drink) | Standard Deviation 0.24 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Alcohol Demand: Pmax | -.11 log(dollars/drink) | Standard Deviation 0.299 |
Comparison: 2 (Sex: men vs. women) X 2 (Time: Pre- vs. post-exercise) x 2 (Group: DOMS vs. sham DOMS) mixed general linear model on alcohol Pmax including baseline urge to consume alcohol and AUDIT score as covariates. Here we report the results of the analysis of the Sex X Time X Group interaction.p-value: 0.17ANCOVA
Primary
Cannabis Demand: Breakpoint
Changes in breakpoint of cannabis demand, assessed using the Marijuana Purchase Task. Breakpoint indicates the joint price at which participants report no cannabis consumption. Values represent difference scores derived from breakpoint values coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up.
Time frame: 48 hours after exercise
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Cannabis Demand: Breakpoint | .40 dollars/joint | Standard Deviation 1.78 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Cannabis Demand: Breakpoint | -.14 dollars/joint | Standard Deviation 1.97 |
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Cannabis Demand: Breakpoint | -.36 dollars/joint | Standard Deviation 1.88 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Cannabis Demand: Breakpoint | -.80 dollars/joint | Standard Deviation 1.59 |
Comparison: 2 (Sex: men vs. women) X 2 (Time: Pre- vs. post-exercise) x 2 (Group: DOMS vs. sham DOMS) mixed general linear model on breakpoint of cannabis demand including baseline urge to consume cannabis and CUDIT score as covariates. Here we report the results of the analysis of the Sex X Time X Group interaction.p-value: 0.83ANCOVA
Primary
Cannabis Demand: Essential Value
Changes in Essential Value, assessed using the Marijuana Purchase Task. Essential Value represents the reinforcing efficacy of cannabis, such that higher Essential Value indicates greater reinforcing efficacy. Values represent difference scores derived from Essential Values coded so that positive numbers indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up.
Time frame: 48 hours after exercise
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Cannabis Demand: Essential Value | -.061 index | Standard Deviation 0.23 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Cannabis Demand: Essential Value | .059 index | Standard Deviation 0.23 |
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Cannabis Demand: Essential Value | -.032 index | Standard Deviation 0.162 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Cannabis Demand: Essential Value | .15 index | Standard Deviation 0.27 |
Comparison: 2 (Sex: men vs. women) X 2 (Time: Pre- vs. post-exercise) x 2 (Group: DOMS vs. sham DOMS) mixed general linear model on Essential Value for cannabis including baseline urge to consume cannabis and CUDIT score as covariates. Here we report the results of the analysis of the Sex X Time X Group interaction.p-value: 0.97ANCOVA
Comparison: 2 (Sex: men vs. women) X 2 (Time: Pre- vs. post-exercise) x 2 (Group: DOMS vs. sham DOMS) mixed general linear model on Essential Value for cannabis including baseline urge to consume cannabis and CUDIT score as covariates. Here we report the results of the analysis of the Time X Group interaction.p-value: 0.03ANCOVA
Primary
Cannabis Demand: Intensity
Changes in intensity of cannabis demand, assessed using the Marijuana Purchase Task. Intensity reflects the number of joints that would hypothetically be consumed if they were free. Values represent difference scores derived from log-transformed intensity values coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up.
Time frame: 48 hours after exercise
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Cannabis Demand: Intensity | -.019 (log)joints | Standard Deviation 0.28 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Cannabis Demand: Intensity | .12 (log)joints | Standard Deviation 0.39 |
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Cannabis Demand: Intensity | -.070 (log)joints | Standard Deviation 0.31 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Cannabis Demand: Intensity | -.10 (log)joints | Standard Deviation 0.54 |
Comparison: 2 (Sex: men vs. women) X 2 (Time: Pre- vs. post-exercise) x 2 (Group: DOMS vs. sham DOMS) mixed general linear model on intensity of cannabis demand including baseline urge to consume cannabis and CUDIT score as covariates. Here we report the results of the analysis of the Sex X Time X Group interaction.p-value: 0.14ANCOVA
Primary
Cannabis Demand: Omax
Changes in Omax, assessed using the Marijuana Purchase Task. Omax reflects the highest total amount that a participant would spend on cannabis. Values represent difference scores derived from log-transformed Omax values coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up.
Time frame: 48 hours after exercise
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Cannabis Demand: Omax | .019 (log)dollars | Standard Deviation 0.45 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Cannabis Demand: Omax | -.010 (log)dollars | Standard Deviation 0.2 |
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Cannabis Demand: Omax | -.001 (log)dollars | Standard Deviation 0.26 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Cannabis Demand: Omax | -.10 (log)dollars | Standard Deviation 0.4 |
Comparison: 2 (Sex: men vs. women) X 2 (Time: Pre- vs. post-exercise) x 2 (Group: DOMS vs. sham DOMS) mixed general linear model on Omax for cannabis including baseline urge to consume cannabis and CUDIT score as covariates. Here we report the results of the analysis of the Sex X Time X Group interaction.p-value: 0.15ANCOVA
Primary
Cannabis Demand: Pmax
Changes in Pmax, assessed using the Marijuana Purchase Task. Pmax reflects the price point at which demand for cannabis becomes elastic (i.e., declines in response to increasing price). Values represent difference scores derived from log-transformed Pmax values coded so that positive values indicate an increase in the demand index from baseline to follow-up.
Time frame: 48 hours after exercise
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Cannabis Demand: Pmax | .0005 log(dollars/joint) | Standard Deviation 0.22 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Women) | Cannabis Demand: Pmax | -.043 log(dollars/joint) | Standard Deviation 0.21 |
| Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Cannabis Demand: Pmax | .014 log(dollars/joint) | Standard Deviation 0.24 |
| Sham Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induction (Men) | Cannabis Demand: Pmax | -.10 log(dollars/joint) | Standard Deviation 0.31 |
Comparison: 2 (Sex: men vs. women) X 2 (Time: Pre- vs. post-exercise) x 2 (Group: DOMS vs. sham DOMS) mixed general linear model on Omax for cannabis including baseline urge to consume cannabis and CUDIT score as covariates. Here we report the results of the analysis of the Sex X Time X Group interaction.p-value: 0.24ANCOVA