Injury, Ankle, Injury, Knee, Injury Leg, Injury;Sports
Conditions
Keywords
sport injury, injury prevention, neuromuscular control
Brief summary
Athletic injury can result in decreased athletic performance or removal from sport participation. There may also be psychological and financial impacts of athletic injury. Additionally, there can be long-term consequences, such as increased risk of subsequent injury or arthritis. Therefore, determining ways to prevent athletic injury from occurring is critical. Movement quality during sport is related to injury risk. Athletes who move poorly are generally at increased risk of injury compared to athletes who move well. Movement quality can be improved through exercise-based injury prevention training, thereby decreasing injury risk. This purposed of this study is to evaluate movement quality multiple times over the course of an athletic season in collegiate athletes who perform injury prevention training. The hypothesis is that movement quality will improve over the course of an athletic season.
Detailed description
Neuromuscular control, or quality of movement, during sport is related to injury risk. Athletes who move poorly are generally at increased risk of injury compared to athletes who move well. Neuromuscular control can be improved through exercise-based injury prevention training (called preventive training programs, or PTPs), thereby decreasing injury risk. Neuromuscular control is dynamic and therefore should be evaluated regularly; however, no study has serially evaluated neuromuscular control in athletes who perform PTPs. The overall objective of the proposed study is to longitudinally evaluate multiple aspects of neuromuscular control (i.e., movement quality, balance) across several time points during a single athletic season in collegiate athletes who perform PTPs. Therefore, two specific aims are proposed: Specific Aim 1: Evaluate neuromuscular control at multiple time points during an athletic season in collegiate athletes who perform PTPs. Specific Aim 2: Evaluate multiple measures of neuromuscular control over the course of an athletic season in collegiate athletes who perform PTPs. A field-based, experimental, cohort study will be used to address both specific aims. Subjects will be recruited from NCAA-Division III men's and women's soccer, volleyball and basketball teams. Neuromuscular control will be assessed four times during the athletic season using the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS), the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS), and the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT). The LESS evaluates movement quality, while the BESS and the SEBT evaluate static and dynamic balance, respectively. Subjects will perform PTPs for about 10 minutes/day, at least 4 days/week.
Interventions
OTHERExercise-based injury prevention program
\ 10-minute, 4+ times/week exercise-based injury prevention program. Includes flexibility, strengthening, balance, agility and plyometric exercises.
Sponsors
Northern Vermont University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 24 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) Division III Athlete * Coach and athletic trainer elect to receive injury prevention services * Ages 18-24
Exclusion criteria
-Does not participate on NCAA Division III Athletic Team
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) Score | assessing change over 3 timepoints: baseline (week 0), midseason (weeks 4-6), end-of-season (weeks 10-12) | number of errors; scale is 0-17; lower score indicates better outcome |
| Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) Score | assessing change over 3 timepoints: baseline (week 0), midseason (weeks 4-6), end-of-season (weeks 10-12) | number of errors; scale is 0-60; higher score indicates worse outcome |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Injury Prevention Arm Exercise-based injury prevention program: \
10-minute, 4+ times/week exercise-based injury prevention program. Includes flexibility, strengthening, balance, agility and plyometric exercises. | 12 |
| Total | 12 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Lost to Follow-up | 50 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Injury Prevention Arm |
|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 19.8 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.4 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 9 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 3 Participants |
| height | 180.3 cm STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.3 |
| mass | 77.5 kg STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.1 |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 8 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 4 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 8 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 60 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 60 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 60 |
Outcome results
Primary
Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) Score
number of errors; scale is 0-60; higher score indicates worse outcome
Time frame: assessing change over 3 timepoints: baseline (week 0), midseason (weeks 4-6), end-of-season (weeks 10-12)
Population: complete data
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Injury Prevention Arm | Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) Score | baseline | 28.6 errors | Standard Deviation 5.9 |
| Injury Prevention Arm | Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) Score | midseason | 22.5 errors | Standard Deviation 10.3 |
| Injury Prevention Arm | Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) Score | end-of-season | 25.9 errors | Standard Deviation 7.3 |
Primary
Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) Score
number of errors; scale is 0-17; lower score indicates better outcome
Time frame: assessing change over 3 timepoints: baseline (week 0), midseason (weeks 4-6), end-of-season (weeks 10-12)
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Injury Prevention Arm | Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) Score | baseline | 6 errors | Standard Deviation 1.8 |
| Injury Prevention Arm | Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) Score | midseason | 5.8 errors | Standard Deviation 1.2 |
| Injury Prevention Arm | Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) Score | end-of-season | 5.2 errors | Standard Deviation 1.6 |