Healthy
Conditions
Keywords
EEG, Motor learning, Fitt's law, Motor imagery
Brief summary
The aim of our study is to investigate the acute effects of real execution (RE) and motor imagery (MI) of Fitts law tasks on near and far transfer of learning.
Detailed description
Studies show changes in alpha (7.5 - 15 Hz) and beta (15 - 30 Hz) frequencies before and during motor tasks. However, researchers still disagree on the origin, timing, and direction of this. The neurophysiological mechanisms of motor learning are not yet fully understood. The authors note that event-related beta desynchronization is most commonly associated with motor learning. Reduced beta wave power can be observed in motor cortex, but it is still unclear whether this change is related to motor learning, performance, or movement repetition. A comparative study of motor imagery and actual performance showed the occurrence of similar neurophysiological processes in the motor cortex. All the mentioned studies were conducted on adults and the results were mainly from the analysis of upper limb movements. In the present study, the investigators will comprehensively evaluate the upper and lower limb movements of children: from the recognition of visual stimuli to the generation of the motor program and the execution itself (behavioral data). Forty-five children (year 2009) will be recruited from local primary schools. In a single-blinded design, children will be randomized into three groups (1st - real execution, 2nd - motor imagery, 3rd - control) and compared at baseline, immediately post-intervention and at follow-up 24 hours post-intervention. At pre-, post-, and follow-up assessments, participants will perform two different patterns of the Fitts Law task with the predefined difficulty: lower limbs/whole body and upper limbs/hands on an interactive whiteboard. The intervention period lasts approximately 10 minutes, during which participants perform the Fitts law task with different difficulty according to the intervention group to which they belong. During the upper limb/hand tasks, brain activity will be recorded with electroencephalography (EEG).
Interventions
BEHAVIORALReal execution of Fitts's law tasks
Children will be training Fitts's law tasks of different difficulties. Once each task will be solved, they will receive a new, more demanding task
BEHAVIORALMotor imagery of Fitts's law tasks
Children will be training Fitts's law tasks of different difficulties, same as RE group but the exception of doing it mentally - motor imagery of Fitts's law tasks with eyes open.
BEHAVIORALSkip counting
Children in SCg will silently count (one number per second) in the same working blocks as both experimental groups with a task of saying the number they reached during each block - control condition to keep them mentally active at very low mental engagement.
Sponsors
University of Trieste
University of Franche-Comté
Science and Research Centre Koper
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Intervention model description
In a single-blind design children will be randomized into three groups: 1st - real execution, 2nd - motor imagery, 3rd - control (skip counting)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
11 Years to 12 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* born in 2009 * no significant muscular, skeleton or nervous system damage * the earlier-signed agreement to take part in the protocol.
Exclusion criteria
* Nervous system disorders
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline Movement related cortical potential at 24-yhours follow-up post intervention | Assessed at baseline, immediately post intervention and at 24-yhours follow-up post intervention | Event related potential that are typically linked with updating of internal models, decision-making and motor preparation. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline Fitts's law task performance at 24-yhours follow-up post intervention | Assessed at baseline, immediately post intervention and at 24-yhours follow-up post intervention | Change in movement time (seconds) needed to solve Fitts's law tasks of different difficulites |
Contacts
Primary ContactLuka Šlosar, PhD
Outcome results
None listed