Type 2 Diabetes
Conditions
Keywords
Chinese Americans, Type 2 Diabetes, mHealth, Diabetes Self-Management and Education
Brief summary
The project aimed to evaluate the implementation process and efficacy of a culturally tailored Diabetes Self-Management and Education (DSME) program with mobile health (mHealth) technology integration, entitled Culturally Appropriate Strategies for Chinese Americans with Diabetes (CASCADe), among Chinese American adults with Type 2 diabetes.
Detailed description
The CASCADe program includes 1) a home visit for training of monitoring devices use, WeChat app and acquiring family support, 2) 8 weekly education sessions with a combined format of group class, games, food demonstration, group exercise, video and discussion, 3) WeChat follow-up on education tips, monitoring data summary, and group discussion. The monitoring system used a smartphone to coordinate cloud data transmission from a set of wireless devices to capture daily monitoring data on physical activity, body weight, blood pressure and blood glucose levels. WeChat app was used to facilitate behavioral self-monitoring by providing daily messages related to diabetes education curriculum, weekly summary reports on monitoring data as well as reinforcement messages and group discussion on readings and monitoring results implication. A single group pre-post-test design was adopted to evaluate changes of primary (HbA1c) and secondary (Self-efficacy, quality of life and stress coping) outcomes assessed at pre and post of intervention. Engagement and adherence in education sessions and self-monitoring system, and satisfaction with the content and delivery of intervention were also evaluated at the end of the study.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALCASCADe
Culturally tailored diabetes self-management and education sessions with mHealth integration
Sponsors
AHMC Health Foundation
Claremont Graduate University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Single group pre- and post-test design
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
21 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* have been diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes * having been managing diabetes with diet, oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin, or both * confirmed HbA1c level \>=6.5% and \<10% * 21-75 years old * residents of San Gabriel Valley * speak and understand of Mandarin * willing to use the smartphone-based monitoring devices provided by the project.
Exclusion criteria
* unable or unwilling to give informed consent * plan to move out of the area within the 1-year participation study period * are or plan to be pregnant or breastfeeding in the next 12 months * have a condition that inhibits movement (e.g., unable to walk unaided, or cannot walk 1/4 mile without stopping) * have major physical disability or condition that prevents them from participating in person.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change of Concentration of HbA1c | Change from baseline HbA1c at 3 months | HbA1c was assessed using the testing kit of A1C Now+ with a finger prick of blood by trained data collector. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change of Score of Self-efficacy | Change from baseline Self-efficacy score at 3 months | Chinese version of diabetes self-management self-efficacy scale included 20 items with likert-like response scale of 1-5 and minimum score of 20 and maximum score of 100. |
| Change of Score of Quality of life | Change from baseline Quality of life score at 3 months | Chinese version of diabetes quality of life scale included 15 items with likert-like response scale of 1-5, and minimum score of 15 and maximum score of 75. . |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed