Postprandial Responses
Conditions
Keywords
hydroxytyrosol, a-cyclodextrin, bread, glycaemic index, appetite
Brief summary
The amelioration of postprandial glucose and insulin responses to bread is of great importance since it may have significant beneficial effects on health. A number of studies have shown that hydroxytyrosol may have positive metabolic effects. However, this compound presents high hydrophilicity which constitutes the major barrier to its potential application in foods. Microencapsulation arises as a technological strategy to protect it and increase its stability. Alpha-cyclodextrin besides being a great carrier molecule, seems to also be beneficial to postprandial glucose levels. Enrichment of bread with encapsulated hydroxytyrosol could examine potential postprandial benefits. Ten healthy normoglycemic subjects will participate in the study and will be provided with either a solution of glucose (reference food) or white wheat bread or wheat bread enriched with a-cyclodextrin or wheat bread enriched with hydroxytyrosol encapsulated in a-cyclodextrin, with 1-week intervals in amounts that yielded 50 g of available carbohydrates. Venous blood samples will be collected before consumption and at 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min postprandially. Postprandial glucose, insulin and appetite-related hormone responses as well as glycemic index (GI) and subjective appetite ratings will be evaluated.
Interventions
OTHEREnriched wheat bread
Either 50g of glucose dissolved in 250mL water or white wheat bread or wheat bread enriched with 5mg a-cyclodextrin or wheat bread enriched with a 5mg mixture of a-cyclodextrin and encapsulated hydroxytyrosol (per 50g of available carbohydrates).
Sponsors
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Harokopio University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 40 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Normal body mass index * Stable body weight for at least 3 months before enrollment * Normal exercise, eating and drinking habits
Exclusion criteria
* Pregnancy and lactation * Chronic medical illness (diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, chronic liver, kidney, polycystic ovary syndrome or untreated thyroid disease) * Use of nutritional supplements * History of drug and/or alcohol abuse * Psychiatric disease
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Glycaemic Index | Change between preprandial glucose measurements until 120 minutes postprandially | Glycaemic Index of the enriched breads |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Insulin Response | Change between preprandial insulin measurements until 180 minutes postprandially | Insulin Responses of the volunteers to the enriched breads (by a sandwich ELISA method, using a commercially available human insulin kit) |
| Appetite ratings | Change between preprandial subjective appetite measurements until 180 minutes postprandially | Appetite ratings after the consumption of the enriched breads (evaluation of subjective appetite ratings, use of visual analogue scales) |
Countries
Greece
Outcome results
None listed