Anxiety, Depression
Conditions
Keywords
Photos, Photography, Gratitude
Brief summary
This study will assess the feasibility and acceptability of a positive psychology intervention, The Gratitude Gallery, for increasing gratitude in adults. The study hypothesizes that participants will find the activity feasible and acceptable and complete the intervention as directed. The project also hypothesizes that those that complete the intervention will show an increase in self-reported gratitude, as well as a decrease in symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALtaking photographs
Participants will photograph images (using a cell phone) that invoke a feeling of gratitude. At least 1 photograph (at any time of the day) should be taken for a period of three weeks. Once the photo images are captured, the participant should spend a moment looking at the image and reflecting on why they are grateful for the subject of the photograph.
Sponsors
University of Michigan
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Able to read/understand English and give consent * Owns a smart phone capable of taking pictures * Willing and able to comply with all aspects of study procedures * PHQ-9 score greater or equal to 5 but less or equal to 14 with no suicidal ideation * Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7) score greater or equal to 0 but less or equal to 9 * No plan to initiate a new program that could increase positive affect during the study period (e.g., psychotherapy, new exercise regimen, meditation classes) * If on medication then stable (at least 3 months) on dose or not on medication
Exclusion criteria
* Having a psychotic disorder active suicidality or severe depressive or anxiety symptoms * Other factors that at the discretion of the investigators that would adversely affect study participation
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Acceptability of the The Gratitude Gallery | 2 years | Number of participants that are eligible for the study compared to the number of patients that are enrolled. The higher the ratio of participants enrolled the higher acceptability. |
| Feasibility of the The Gratitude Gallery | up to 21 days (days of treatment) | Participants that complete 15 of the 21 intervention days will be considered to be feasible. |
| Changes in the level of reported gratitude as measured by the Gratitude Questionnaire - 6 (GQ-6). | Baseline, up to day 60 | This is a six question, self-reported survey designed to assess individual differences in the proneness to experience gratitude in daily life. The GQ-6 uses a 7-point Likert scale with responses that range from strongly disagree to strongly agree. Questions 3 and 6 are reverse scored. A higher total score indicated higher levels of gratitude. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire 9-Item (PHQ-9) | Baseline, up to day 60 | The PHQ-9 is a brief, self-administered questionnaire that scores each of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) criteria for depression on a scale from 0 to 3. Response options include not at all, several days, more than half the days and nearly every day. It is a validated measure of depression severity. Scores of 5, 10, 15, and 20 represent mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression, respectively. |
| Changes in positive and negative affect as measured by the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) Scale | Baseline, up to day 60 | The PANAS scale is a 20 item mood scale measuring the two primary dimensions of mood. Responses on a 5-point Likert Scale range from very slightly or not at all to extremely. Positive affect and negative affect questions are grouped and scored separately. The PANAS has been shown to be sensitive to short-term fluctuations in mood in addition to showing stability over a longer (2-month) time period. |
| Changes in anxiety symptoms using the Generalized Anxiety scale (GAD-7) | Baseline, up to day 60 | The GAD-7 is a self-reported questionnaire that assesses for the seven core symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder and severity. Response options include not at all, several days, more than half the days and nearly every day. GAD-7 total score for the seven items ranges from 0 to 21. Scores of 5, 10, and 15 represent cut-points for mild, moderate, and severe anxiety, respectively. |
| Changes in General Life Satisfaction - Fixed Form B from the NIH Toolbox | Baseline, up to day 60 | This is a brief 5-item questionnaire which can be administered to adults over the age of 18. It uses a 7-point Likert scale with responses that range from strongly disagree to strongly agree. The scores for each question are added to create a raw score. This raw score is then converted to a T-score using a conversion table which represents the mean of the United States population. |
| Changes in sleep quality using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Sleep Disturbance - Short Form 4a | Baseline, up to day 60 | This assessment consists of 4 items which measure sleep quality and sleep disturbances using a 5 point likert scale ranging in value from 1 to 5 with higher scores indicating greater sleep quality. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed