Apnea
Conditions
Brief summary
Invesetigators evaluated the effect of positive end-expiratory pressure during anaesthesia induction on nonhypoxic apnoea time in infants. Invesetigators assigned infants to a 7 cmH2O positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) with fraction of inspired oxygen 80% or 0 cmH2O PEEP with fraction of oxygen 80% group. Anaesthesia was induced with 0.02 mg kg atropine, 5 mg kg thiopental sodium and 3 to 5% sevoflurane, and neuromuscular blockade with 0.6 mg kg rocuronium. Thereafter, 80% oxygen was provided via face mask with volume-controlled ventilation of 6 ml kg tidal volume, and either 7 cmH2O or no positive end-expiratory pressure. After 3 min of ventilation, the infants' trachea was intubated but disconnected from the breathing circuit, and ventilation resumed when pulse oximetry reached 95%.
Interventions
7cmH2O of positive end expiratory pressure with fraction of inspired oxygen 80% applied during induction of anesthesia
fraction of inspired oxygen 80% applied during induction of anesthesia
Sponsors
Seoul National University Hospital
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
1 Months to 12 Months
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* We included paediatric patients aged 12 months or less about to receive general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation.
Exclusion criteria
* Neonates, former preterm infants with gestational age less than 60 weeks at the day of surgery, with previous history of respiratory disease, those with anticipated difficult mask ventilation or intubation and those with upper respiratory infection within 3 weeks were excluded.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| apnea time | during face mask ventilation, maximum 3 minutes. | The primary outcome was nonhypoxic apnoea time defined as the time from cessation of ventilation to a pulse oximeter reading of 95% |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| atelectasis score (0~72) | during anesthesia induction, maximum 5 minutes. | atelectasis score assessed by lung ultrasound (0-72) |
| Number of participants with gastric air insufflation | during anesthesia induction, maximum 5 minutes. | presence of air in the gastric antrum |
Countries
South Korea
Outcome results
None listed