Postoperative Pain Management
Conditions
Keywords
Postoperative pain, Intravenous paracetamol, Intravenous ibuprofen, Hysterectomy
Brief summary
To compare the effects of intravenous paracetamol and ibuprofen on postoperative pain and morphine consumption in patients undergoing hysterectomy surgery and the side effects associated with opioids.
Detailed description
All surgical procedures are associated with acute pain and inflammation, varying degrees of severity for the patients, causing significant stres and discomfort. Effective postoperative pain management in hysterectomy can reduce complications and improve postoperative care. In postoperative pain, multimodal analgesic techniques are used to provide synergistic effects through different nociceptive mechanisms. Hysterectomy is the second most common gynecological surgery performed after cesarean section. It is known that effective postoperative analgesia management decreases complications and increases patients' comfort. Various analgesics are used for pain. Opioids, frequently used for postoperative pain, are the most frequently used drug group. The combination of opioids with adjuvant agents may reduce the opioid consumption used systemically. Side effects such as sedation, respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, rash and urinary retention that develop secondary to opioids may also be reduced by the combination of supplemental analgesics. Adjuvant agents, including nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID), may be used in combination with opioids. NSAIDs do not only reduce pain, but also control the underlying inflammatory process. In addition, combining NSAIDs and opioids can help reduce the side effects by reducing administration of total opioid consumption. Intravenous ibuprofen is the first and only intravenous NSAID approved in the United States for both pain and fever control in adults. It has been reported in multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies that IV ibuprofen is safe and effective in postoperative pain management for abdominal hysterectomy and orthopedic surgeries. Intravenous paracetamol is an analgesic and antipyretic agent used as a first step drug for pain and fever control in adults and children. It has been clearly shown that IV paracetamol, with analgesic efficacy and safety profile, reduces analgesic requirements for pain management. It has also been shown that it provides better analgesic efficacy and reduces the opioid consumption when used in combination with opioids. The investigators aimed to compare the effects of intravenous paracetamol and ibuprofen on postoperative pain and morphine consumption in patients undergoing hysterectomy surgery and the side effects associated with opioids.
Interventions
DRUGMorphine Sulfate
Patients will be received morphine with intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV PCA) device during postoperative 24 hours. The PCA solution will be prepared with 100 mg morphine in 200 mL of saline (0.5 mg/ml). The PCA device was adjusted as infusion: 0 ml/h, bolus: 1 ml, lockout period: 7 min.
1 g paracetamol will be administered 30 minutes before the end of surgery. All administrations will be applied through IV infusion over 30 minutes. Patients will be received morphine with intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV PCA) device during postoperative 24 hours. The PCA solution will be prepared with 100 mg morphine in 200 mL of saline (0.5 mg/ml). The PCA device was adjusted as infusion: 0 ml/h, bolus: 1 ml, lockout period: 7 min.
800 mg ibuprofen (diluted with 250 ml saline) will be administered 30 minutes before the end of surgery. All administrations will be applied through IV infusion over 30 minutes. Patients will be received morphine with intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV PCA) device during postoperative 24 hours. The PCA solution will be prepared with 100 mg morphine in 200 mL of saline (0.5 mg/ml). The PCA device was adjusted as infusion: 0 ml/h, bolus: 1 ml, lockout period: 7 min.
DRUGMorphine
All patients were instructed to use intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA). All administrations will be applied through IV infusion over 30 minutes. Patients will be received morphine with intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV PCA) device during postoperative 24 hours. The PCA solution will be prepared with 100 mg morphine in 200 mL of saline (0.5 mg/ml). The PCA device was adjusted as infusion: 0 ml/h, bolus: 1 ml, lockout period: 7 min.
Sponsors
Inonu University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Intervention model description
Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* American Society of Anesthesiologists scores 1-3 * 18-65 years
Exclusion criteria
* American Society of Anesthesiologists scores IV, * Under the age of 18, * Over the age of 65, * Peptic ulcer disease, * Hepatic and renal dysfunction, * Severe cardiovascular and pulmonary disease, * Allergic history to propofol, fentanyl, rocuronium, paracetamol, ibuprofen and morphine, * Emergency surgery, * Refused informed consent form
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Postoperative pain scores | From end of anesthesia (15 minutes after awakening of anesthesia) to postoperative 24-hour period | Visual Analog Scale (VAS, 0-10) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Sedation score | From end of anesthesia (15 minutes after awakening of anesthesia) to postoperative 24-hour period | Ramsey sedation score (1-6) |
| Cumulative morphine consumption (mg) | From end of anesthesia (15 minutes after awakening of anesthesia) to postoperative 24-hour period | All patients will be received morphine with intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV PCA) device during postoperative 24 hours. The PCA solution will be prepared with 100 mg morphine in 200 mL of saline (0.5 mg/ml). The PCA device was adjusted as infusion: 0 ml/h, bolus: 1 ml/h, lockout period: 7 min. Then cumulative morphine consumption will be recorded as milligram (mg). |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed