Labor Pain
Conditions
Brief summary
Women's experience of pain during labor varies greatly, and pain control is a major concern for obstetricians. Several methods have been studied for pain management for women in labor, including drug and non-drug interventions Most methods of non-pharmacological pain management are non-invasive and appear to be safe for mother and baby, including immersion in water, relaxation, acupuncture, and massage. However, their efficacy is unclear, and based mostly on non-randomized studies. On the other hand, there are strong data to support the efficacy of pharmacological methods, including epidural analgesia, which improves pain relief but increase the incidence of operative vaginal delivery Recently a clinical trial showed that music in labor was associated with maternal benefits in women who underwent spontaneous vaginal delivery. However, the effect of music in labor in women undergoing induction of labor is still a subject of debate.
Interventions
OTHERmusic in labor
Women in the intervention group will be offered music in labor, defined listening to music from the randomization until the delivery of the baby. Women had the possibility to select the songs at their discretion
Sponsors
Federico II University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Nulliparous women * Singleton gestation * Vertex presentation * Induction of labor, i.e. cervical ripening with prostaglandins * Gestational age between 37 and 42 weeks
Exclusion criteria
* Multiparous womne * Multiple gestations * Preterm labor * Preterm premature rupture of membranes * Induction of labor with oxytocin and without prostaglandins * Induction of labor with balloon * High risk pregnancies, including hypertensive disorders of pregnancies, diabetes, intrauterine growth restriction, fetal abnormalities.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| mean pain level during the active phase of labor | at the time of the active phase of labor | assessed by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for Pain |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Mean anxiety level during the active phase of labor, second stage, and at post-partum | at the time of the active phase of labor | assessed by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for anxiety |
Countries
Italy
Contacts
Primary ContactGabriele Saccone, MD
Outcome results
None listed