Cognitive Decline, Cognitive Change, Inflammation, Emotions
Conditions
Keywords
Probiotics, Cognition, Emotional Wellbeing, Inflammation, Older Adults, Yogurt
Brief summary
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dairy-based probiotics on cognitive function, emotional wellbeing, and inflammation. Subjects were assigned to either consume 6 oz of yogurt/day or abstain from consuming yogurt and other probiotic-containing foods for 12 weeks. Subjects completed baseline testing and 12-week follow-up testing consisting of a laboratory blood draw to assess inflammatory biomarkers, and a computerized assessment to evaluate cognitive and emotional wellbeing measures.
Interventions
OTHERYogurt
6 oz. of a commercially available yogurt were provided daily for 12 weeks
Sponsors
Kansas State University
University of Idaho
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
50 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* ability to participate in a 12-week study * at least 50 years of age * not currently taking a probiotic dietary supplement * willing to refrain from consuming probiotic dietary supplements or fermented foods for 12-weeks * willing to have blood drawn twice * willing to consume yogurt daily for 12 weeks
Exclusion criteria
\-
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Episodic Memory from Baseline to 12-weeks | Change in baseline episodic memory score at 12 weeks | Subjects completed a battery of computerized cognitive assessments at baseline and 12-weeks, using the NIHToolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function application. Episodic Memory was assessed by the Picture Sequence Memory test. |
| Change in Fluid Cognition Composite from Baseline to 12-weeks | Change from baseline fluid cognition composite score at 12-weeks | Subjects completed a battery of computerized cognitive assessments at baseline and 12-weeks, using the NIHToolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function application. The fluid cognition composite score was derived from scores on the Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test, Dimensional Change Card Sort Test, Picture Sequence Memory Test, Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test, and List Sorting Working Memory test. |
| Change in Executive Function from Baseline to 12-weeks | Change from baseline executive function test scores at 12 weeks | Subjects completed a battery of computerized cognitive assessments at baseline and 12-weeks, using the NIHToolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function application. Executive function was assessed by the Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test and the Dimensional Change Card Sort Test. |
| Change in Attention from Baseline to 12-weeks | Change from baseline attention test scores at 12 weeks | Subjects completed a battery of computerized cognitive assessments at baseline and 12-weeks, using the NIHToolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function application. Attention was assessed by the Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test. |
| Change in Working Memory from Baseline to 12-weeks | Change from baseline working memory test scores at 12 weeks | Subjects completed a battery of computerized cognitive assessments at baseline and 12-weeks, using the NIHToolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function application. Working Memory was assessed by the List Sorting Working Memory test. |
| Change in Processing Speed from Baseline to 12-weeks | Change from baseline processing speed test scores at 12 weeks | Subjects completed a battery of computerized cognitive assessments at baseline and 12-weeks, using the NIHToolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function application. Processing Speed was assessed by the Pattern Comparison Processing Speed test. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Negative Affect from Baseline to 12-weeks | Change from baseline negative affect test scores at 12 weeks | Subjects completed a battery of computerized self-reported questionnaires using the NIHToolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function. A Negative Affect summary score was derived from 5 individual assessments of anger affect, anger hostility, sadness, fear affect, and perceived stress. |
| Change in Psychological Wellbeing | Change from baseline psychological satisfaction test scores at 12 weeks | Subjects completed a battery of computerized self-reported questionnaires using the NIHToolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function. A Psychological Wellbeing summary score was derived from 3 individual assessments of life satisfaction, meaning, and positive affect. |
| Change in Social Satisfaction from Baseline to 12-weeks | Change from baseline social satisfaction test scores at 12 weeks | Subjects completed a battery of computerized self-reported questionnaires using the NIHToolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function. A Social Satisfaction summary score was derived from 5 individual assessments of friendship, loneliness, emotional support, instrumental support, and perceived rejection. |
| Change in serum interleukin-6 concentration from baseline to 12 weeks | Change from baseline serum interleukin-6 concentration at 12 weeks | Serum samples were analyzed to determine concentrations of interleukin-6 (pg/mL). |
| Change in serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentration from baseline to 12 weeks | Change from baseline serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentration at 12 weeks | Serum samples were analyzed to determine concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (pg/mL). |
| Change in serum c-reactive protein concentration from baseline to 12 weeks | Change from baseline serum c-reactive protein concentration at 12 weeks | Serum samples were analyzed to determine concentrations of c-reactive protein (mg/L). |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed