Cognitive Dysfunction, Postoperative
Conditions
Brief summary
The beach chair position (BCP) combined with deliberate hypotension impair cerebral perfusion pressure and oxygenation during arthroscopic shoulder surgeries and produce cerebral ischemia.
Detailed description
Arthroscopic diagnosis and treatment of shoulder disorders have replaced open procedure as the primary treatment method. The beach chair (BCP) and lateral decubitus (LDP) positions are both considered as reliable techniques for performing effective arthroscopic shoulder surgeries. The usage of BCP for shoulder arthroscopic operations started from early 1980s. The advantages of BCP include lack of brachial plexus strain, good intra-articular visualization, with the ease of conversion to an open approach if required. The BCP combined with deliberate hypotension has been used to decrease intraoperative blood loss and allow a relatively blood-free surgical field. However, this combination has the risk to impair cerebral perfusion pressure and oxygenation during surgery and produce cerebral ischemia. Lidocaine, a commonly used local anesthetic and class IB antiarrhythmic drug, that readily crosses the blood - brain barrier. Evans et al. initially reported cerebral protection of lidocaine in a feline model of cerebral arterial gas embolism. Later on, the effects of lidocaine on perioperative neuroprotection were detected. However, the mechanisms underlying lidocaine treatment-induced neuroprotection remain incompletely understood. Lidocaine may provide cerebral protection through many mechanisms, including decreasing the cerebral metabolic rate, decelerating the ischemic transmembrane ion shift, and reducing the ischemic excitotoxin release.
Interventions
DRUGLidocaine
Patients will receive lidocaine in a loading dose of 1 mg/ kg diluted in 10 ml of normal saline that will be infused over 5 minutes after induction of anesthesia then followed by a continuous infusion at 1.5 mg/ kg/ h diluted in normal saline to a volume of 50 ml until the end of surgery
DRUGNormal saline
Patients will receive normal saline after induction of anesthesia with the same volume and rate changes as lidocaine group until the end of surgery
Sponsors
Assiut University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients undergoing elective arthroscopic shoulder surgery under general anesthesia in beach chair position (BCP), * Age 20 to 65 years old.
Exclusion criteria
* Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score \< 23 before surgery * History of neurological disease (such as previous episodes of cerebral ischemia or stroke). * History of psychological disorder * Suspected history of adverse reactions to lidocaine * Drug or alcohol abuse * History of diabetes mellitus, sever hypertension, severe anemia, hepatic or renal dysfunction * Unwillingness to comply with protocol.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Postoperative cognitive function | 3 days after surgery | Assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) test |
Countries
Egypt
Contacts
Primary ContactSeham M Moeen, MD
Outcome results
None listed