SIB-Time Web-application Tool for Typically Developing Siblings

The Parenting & Family Adjustment Scales (PAFAS; Sanders et al., 2014) measures change in parenting practices, family cohesion, parent-child relationship quality, and parents' stress. The 30 items on the PAFAS sort into 7 subscales: Parental consistency, Coercive parenting, Positive encouragement, Parent-child relationship, Parental adjustment/stress, Family relationships, and Parental teamwork with partner. Items are rated on a 5-point scale (0-4) with higher scores worse.

Time frame: Enrollment, and at 4 weeks (after treatment completion)

Population: Primary parents of a child with a disability and a preschool age typically developing child.

The Parenting & Family Adjustment Scales (PAFAS; Sanders et al., 2014) measures change in parenting practices, family cohesion, parent-child relationship quality, and parents' stress. The 30 items on the PAFAS sort into 7 subscales: Parental consistency, Coercive parenting, Positive encouragement, Parent-child relationship, Parental adjustment/stress, Family relationships, and Parental teamwork with partner. Items are rated on a 5-point scale (0-4) with higher scores worse.

Time frame: Enrollment, and at 4 weeks (after treatment completion)

Population: Primary parents of a child with a disability and a preschool age typically developing child.

The Parenting & Family Adjustment Scales (PAFAS; Sanders et al., 2014) Parent/Child Relationship subscale measures the quality of the parent-child relationship, asking how true various statements have been over the past 4 weeks. The Parent/Child Relationship subscale is measured with 5 items, answered on a 5-point scale (0=Not at all; 4=Very much). Average scores range from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating worse outcomes.

Time frame: Enrollment, and at 4 weeks (after treatment completion)

Population: Primary parents of a child with a disability and a preschool age typically developing child.

The Self-Efficacy for Parenting Tasks Index (SEPTI; Coleman & Karraker, 2000) - Emotional Availability subscale measures parents' self-efficacy for providing emotional support to their typically developing child and meeting their child's emotional needs. Parents rate their agreement or disagreement with a series of statements. The SEPTI Emotional Availability subscale is measured with 7 items. Respondents answer on a 6-point scale (1=Agree strongly; 6=Disagree strongly); average scores range from 1 to 6, with higher scores indicating better outcomes.

Time frame: Enrollment, and at 4 weeks (after treatment completion)

Population: Primary parents of a child with a disability and a preschool age typically developing child.

The Self-Efficacy for Parenting Tasks Index (SEPTI; Coleman & Karraker, 2000) - Nurturance/Valuing/Empathic Responsiveness subscale measures parents' self-efficacy for providing empathy, nurturance, and understanding to their typically developing child. Parents rate their agreement or disagreement with a series of statements. The SEPTI Nurturance/Valuing/Empathic Responsiveness subscale is measured with 8 items. Respondents answer on a 6-point scale (1=Agree strongly; 6=Disagree strongly); average scores range from 1 to 6, with higher scores indicating better outcomes.

Time frame: Enrollment, and at 4 weeks (after treatment completion)

Population: Primary parents of a child with a disability and a preschool age typically developing child.

The Self-Efficacy for Parenting Tasks Index (SEPTI; Coleman & Karraker, 2000) - Play subscale measures parents' self-efficacy for playing with and having fun with their typically developing child. Parents rate their agreement or disagreement with a series of statements. The SEPTI Play subscale is measured with 7 items. Respondents answer on a 6-point scale (1=Agree strongly; 6=Disagree strongly); average scores range from 1 to 6, with higher scores indicating better outcomes.

Time frame: Enrollment, and at 4 weeks (after treatment completion)

Population: Primary parents of a child with a disability and a preschool age typically developing child.

The Self-Efficacy for Parenting Tasks Index (SEPTI; Coleman & Karraker, 2000) - Teaching subscale measures parents' self-efficacy for explaining things and teaching their typically developing child about the world in a way that their child can understand. Parents rate their agreement or disagreement with a series of statements. The SEPTI Teaching subscale is measured with 9 items. Respondents answer on a 6-point scale (1=Agree strongly; 6=Disagree strongly); average scores range from 1 to 6, with higher scores indicating better outcomes.

Time frame: Enrollment, and at 4 weeks (after treatment completion)

Population: Primary parents of a child with a disability and a preschool age typically developing child.

The System Usability Scale (SUS) is a commonly used 10-item measure (with a 5-point scale) of subjective perceptions of technology usability. To calculate the total SUS score, the responses to all 10 SUS questions are re-scaled and/or re-scored in a way that all items had values from zero to 4 with 4 being the most positive. These converted scores are added and then multiplied by 2.5 to convert the range of possible values 0-100 (instead of from 0 to 40). Higher scores are better.

Time frame: Week 4

Population: Primary parents of a child with a disability and a preschool age typically developing child.

The Engagement in Target Activities with Child - Frequency subscale measures the frequency with which parents report engaging in specific connection routine activities with their typically developing child in the past month, across 17 items reflecting a range of program-targeted parenting behaviors. Respondents answer on a 7-point frequency scale (0=Never in the past month; 6=6 or more times per day); average scores range from 0 to 6, with higher scores indicating better outcomes.

Time frame: Enrollment, and at 4 weeks (after treatment completion)

Population: Primary parents of a child with a disability and a preschool age typically developing child.

The Engagement in Target Activities with Child - Self-Efficacy subscale measures parents' self-efficacy for engaging in specific connection routine activities with their typically developing child in the past month, across 17 items reflecting a range of program-targeted parenting behaviors. Respondents answer on a 10-point scale of how confident they are that they can carry out these behaviors (1=Not at all confident; 10=Highly confident); average scores range from 1 to 10, with higher scores indicating better outcomes.

Time frame: Enrollment, and at 4 weeks (after treatment completion)

Population: Primary parents of a child with a disability and a preschool age typically developing child.

Measure the families' usage of the SIBTime app using metrics and transcripts collected on the back-end database, including activation of the app; which elements are accessed; frequency, timing, and duration of engagements; and points of difficulty or failure.

Time frame: At 4 weeks (after treatment completion)

Population: Primary parents of a child with a disability and a preschool age typically developing child.

Measure the families' usage of the SIBTime app using metrics and transcripts collected on the back-end database, including activation of the app; which elements are accessed; frequency, timing, and duration of engagements; and points of difficulty or failure.

Time frame: At 4 weeks (after treatment completion)

Population: Primary parents of a child with a disability and a preschool age typically developing child.