Anxiety Postoperative
Conditions
Keywords
Dental anxiety, Deep Sedation, Ketofol, Propofol, Salivary Cortisol
Brief summary
The aims of this study were firstly, to evaluate the changes in the anxiety level after deep sedation with various intravenous sedative agents using salivary cortisol level in pediatric dental patients and secondly, to compare clinical effectiveness of this sedative agents, perioperative complications, recovery time and adverse effects.
Detailed description
This clinical study was included 69 healthy pediatric patients aged 3 to 7 years with high anxiety. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the sedative agents: Group 1 (n=23) was received Propofol, Group 2 (n=23) was receieved Ketofol 1:3, and Group 3 (n=23) was received Ketofol 1:4. The anxiety levels were assessed using Facial Image Scale (FIS) anxiety scale and changes in salivary cortisol levels were assessed using ELISA before and after the drug administration. Perioperative vital signs, depth of sedation were recorded at intervals of 5 minutes. Preoperative and postoperative complications, operation and recovery time were recorded in the follow-up form.
Interventions
PROCEDUREDental Treatment
Comprehensive dental care (restorative treatmen, crowns, pulp therapy, fissure sealant and teeth extraction for pediatric patients under the deep sedation
Sponsors
Cukurova University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
3 Years to 7 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Pediatric patients age between 3-7 years old * Having no systemic condition and ASA 1 healty status * Having high dental anxiety * Having no dental treatment under the sedation or general anesthesia before * Having no dental treatment before
Exclusion criteria
* Having obstructed nasal passages, raised intracranial or intraocular pressure, allergy * Using any drug which effected saliva construction * Having enough saliva for saliva cortisol evaluation
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Dental anxiety (subjective) | through study completion, an average of 12 months | Units on a Scale (Patient's dental anxiety level was evaluated with Facial Image Scale after treatment. Patients signed from 1 to 5 score for dental anxiety.The data were collected and statistically analysed using by the numerical data. In this study, 1 and 2 scores are considered as better outcome. Patients who signed these scores described as no anxiety. The worst outcome is considered as the patients signed 4-5. Each scale range for each time interval evaluated as count of patient and presented as percentage.) |
| Dental anxiety (objective) | through study completion, an average of 12 months | Units on Saliva cortisol levels (Dental anxiety was evaluated with Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after treatment.The patients were measured from 0 to 200 nmol/L for dental anxiety after the treatment.The data were collected and statistically analysed using by the numerical data. In this study, 0-28 nmol/L'' are considered as better outcome. Patients who were have these scores described no dental anxiety for deep sedation. The worst outcome is considered as the anxious patients have \>28 nmol/L . Each value range for each time interval evaluated as count of patient and presented as percentage.) |
| Depth of sedation | through study completion, an average of 12 months | Units on a Scale (Depth of sedation was evaluated with Ramsay Sedation Scale during the sedation. Observer signed from 0 to 5 score for depth of sedation during the treatment.The data were collected and statistically analysed using by the numerical data. In this study, 4-5 scores are considered as better outcome. Patients who were signed these scores described as sedated patients for dental treatment. The worst outcome is considered as the patients signed 0-3. Each scale range for each time interval evaluated as count of patient and presented as percentage.) |
| Postperative complications | through study completion, an average of 12 months | Units on a Scale ( Postoperative complications were evaluated with a form which was included absence or presence of agitation, hypersalivation, nausea-vomiting and double vision. Observer signed absence or presence for each complications after the treatment.The data were collected and statistically analysed using by the numerical data) |
| Perioperative complications | through study completion, an average of 12 months | Units on a Scale (Perioperative complications were evaluated with a form which was included absence or presence of local injection pain, cough, saturation drop and spontaneous movement. Observer signed absence or presence for each perioperative complications during the deep sedation.The data were collected and statistically analysed using by the numerical data) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Heart Rate | through study completion, an average of 12 months | Differents Units of measure (Heart rate beats in bpm was measured per five minutes during the operation) |
| Systolic and diastolic arterial pressure | through study completion, an average of 12 months | Differents Units of measure (Systolic and diastolic arterial pressures in mmHg were measured per five minutes during the operation) |
| Oxygen saturation | through study completion, an average of 12 months | Differents Units of measure (Oxygen saturation in mmHg was measured per five minutes during the operation) |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed