COVID-19
Conditions
Keywords
Aerobic Exercise Training, Physical Function, Physical Activity, Convalescence, SARS-CoV-2
Brief summary
Background: People who are recovering from COVID-19 may continue to have problems that affect their daily life. For instance, they might feel overly tired. Researchers want to learn if exercise can help people recover after COVID-19 infection. Objective: To study if participation in a rehabilitation exercise program can help people recovering from COVID-19. Eligibility: Adults ages 18-80 with a lab-confirmed SARS-CoV2 infection (the virus that causes COVID-19), and are still having some symptoms. Design: Participants will have a medical history and physical exam. They will give blood and urine samples. They will have tests to measure heart and lung function. Their blood vessels will be assessed. Participants will have a computed tomography scan of the body. They will have an ultrasound of the muscles in their arms, legs, and chest. Participants will take a 6-minute walk test (6MWT). They will take other balance and movement tests. Participants will walk on a treadmill while hooked up to a monitor. Then they will be interviewed. It will be audio-recorded. Participants will complete surveys about their symptoms and daily activities. Participants will take a smell test. For this, they will identify different smells. They will also have memory, attention, and mental functioning tests. Participants will wear an activity monitor on their wrist 24 hours a day. They will exercise 3 times a week for 10 weeks by performing cardio-type exercise for 30 minutes. They will attend education classes once a week for 10 weeks. Participants will be contacted by phone or email every 3 months for 1 year after they complete the exercise part of the study. They will wear an activity monitor for up to 2 weeks.
Detailed description
Study Description: This randomized controlled trial will determine whether aerobic exercise training has a beneficial effect on physical function, health-related quality of life, free-living physical activity and sleep quality among survivors of COVID-19. Participants will be randomized to either an aerobic exercise training and education (AET+) group or a control education only group (CON) for 10 weeks. Assessments for physical function, self-reported health outcomes for quality of life (QOL), free-living physical activity and sleep quality will be measured at baseline and following the 10-week intervention period. Participants in the CON group will then crossover and perform AET after the 10-week follow-up visit. All participants will be monitored for one year to capture free-living physical activity, sleep quality and health-related QOL outcomes over time. It is hypothesized that following 10 weeks, physical function, health-related QOL, free-living physical activity and sleep quality will show greater improvement with AET+. Objectives: Primary Objective: To examine the effect of aerobic exercise training on physical function in participants recovering from COVID-19. Secondary Objectives: To examine the effect of aerobic exercise training on patient reported outcomes and other health-related QOL components in participants recovering from COVID-19; To examine the effect of aerobic exercise training on free-living physical activity and sleep quality in participants recovering from COVID-19. Exploratory Objectives: To explore the effect of aerobic exercise training on clinical outcomes, cardiorespiratory function, cognition, biomarkers, metabolomics, ultrasound-based muscle measurements, and vascular function in participants recovering from COVID-19; To explore the feasibility of conducting the AET program remotely in the crossover CON group of participants recovering from COVID-19; To explore follow-up physical activity, sleep quality and health-related QOL outcomes over 1 year in participants recovering from COVID-19. Endpoints: Primary Endpoints: Physical function as measured by distance walked during the 6-minute walk test after 10 weeks post-randomization with AET+ and CON. Secondary Endpoints: Patient-reported outcomes and other health-related components after 10 weeks post-randomization with AET+ and CON; Free-living physical activity and sleep quality after 10 weeks post-randomization with AET+ and CON. Exploratory Endpoints: Clinical outcomes, cardiorespiratory function, cognition, biomarkers, metabolomics, ultrasound-based muscle measurements, and vascular function after 10 weeks post-randomization with AET+ and CON; collection of initial feasibility data to conduct exercise sessions remotely; explore relationships between the physiological variables and post-study health outcome variables over time.
Interventions
OTHERAerobic Exercise Training
Aerobic exercise training will consist of 10 weeks of aerobic exercise, performed 3 times/week for 30 minutes. Each session will include a warm-up and cool-down period. The intensity will be guided by heart rate and gradually increased from light-moderate to moderate-high intensity as safely tolerated by the subject. All sessions are supervised by credentialed Rehabilitation Medicine Department staff members.
OTHEREducation
Education consisting of weekly lectures lasting approximately 1 hour for 10 weeks. Topics related to exercise programming, safety and well-being will be covered. Conducted remotely by credential Rehabilitation Medicine Department staff members.
Sponsors
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 80 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* INCLUSION CRITERIA: Screening procedures will be performed as part of this study. In order to be eligible to participate in this study, an individual must meet all of the following criteria: * Male or female, aged 18 to 80 years * Previous infection with SARS-CoV2 at least 4 weeks prior to enrollment, confirmed by laboratory or a healthcare provider. Participants with a documented positive home antigen test will need confirmation of positive COVID-19 antibodies (positive anti-Nucleocapsid antibody test, OR positive anti-Spike antibody test if unvaccinated at the time of the antibody test) to be considered. * Presence of physical limitations or significant fatigue since COVID-19 as demonstrated by: * Total score \<= 19 on the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) short form for physical function or total score \>= 9 on the PROMIS short form for fatigue, AND * Score \>= 1 on the Patient Global Rating of Flu Severity and Patient Global Assessment of Interference with Daily Activities * Absence of post-exertional malaise (PEM) as identified on the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire Post-Exertional Malaise (DSQ-PEM) where: * Items 1 to 5 has no score \>= 2 for frequency and no score \>= 2 for severity, occurring in the same row, AND * Item 7 or 8 is No, AND * Item 9 is \<= 13 hours * Able to read, speak and understand English or Spanish * Able to understand and willing to sign a written informed consent document * Willing and able to complete study procedures
Exclusion criteria
An individual who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation in this study: * Above normal performance (i.e., \>=100% predicted) in the 6MWT based on normative data for gender and age * History or cardiac condition as determined by NIH cardiology to be unsafe for exercise participation (e.g. ischemic heart disease, right- or left-sided heart failure, cor pulmonale or pulmonary hypertension, dilated or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or non-idiopathic cardiomyopathy) * Significant hepatic or renal dysfunction * Cancer diagnosis with evidence of metastasis or a life expectancy of less than one year * History of stroke resulting in impairments in functional mobility that limits safe participation * Active substance abuse including ethyl alcohol (EtOH) * Severe psychiatric disease, not responsive to treatment or medication * History of diabetes and on insulin pump therapy, or uncontrolled diabetes with HbA1c \> 9.0% * Pregnancy * Acceptance onto a lung transplant waiting list * Extreme obesity with BMI \> 40 kg/m2 * On medications that would influence exercise performance such as beta blockers or antiretroviral therapy * Ongoing tobacco and/or nicotine product use * Enrolled in another interventional clinical research trial * Any other medical or health condition(s) that unduly increases the risk of exercise testing or training, affects the normal physiologic response to exercise testing or training, and/or would otherwise interfere with the ability to interpret the data as determined by the PI
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in 6-minute Walk Test Distance (6MWD) | Before and after 10 weeks | The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is a measure of physical capacity and subjects are instructed to walk as far as possible around a pre-measured walking course over a time period of six minutes. The 6-minute walk test distance (6MWD) is the total distance walked in meters during the 6MWT and greater distance walked means better physical capacity. This outcome is reported as the difference between time-points (post- minus pre-10 weeks). |
Countries
United States
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORLeighton Chan, M.D.
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
Participant flow
Pre-assignment details
48 participants who consented to the study * 40 participants were randomized to study interventions * 6 participants were screen failure * One participant withdrew before randomization * One participant withdrew after randomization and prior to start of intervention
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | — |
|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 38 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 4 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 17 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 29 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 31 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 5 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 20 | 0 / 20 | 0 / 20 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 16 / 20 | 11 / 20 | 11 / 20 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 20 | 0 / 20 | 0 / 20 |
Outcome results
None listed