Exercise, Hypoxia
Conditions
Keywords
exercise, hypoxia, ketone
Brief summary
This study is investigating the effects of oral ketone and sodium bicarbonate administration on physiological and metabolic parameters during cycling endurance exercise in hypoxia. Ketone body supplementation is commonly used among elite endurance athletes that also compete in the hypoxia (at altitude). To-date effects of ketones have only been investigated in normoxia and the data in hypoxia is lacking. Hence, we want to investigate the effect of oral ketone ester intake with and without additional sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion on i) blood-acid base balance and ii) exercise performance during prolonged exercise under hypoxic conditions. Information obtained via this study should provide valuable information with regard to optimisation of exercise training and athletic performance, and more importantly, provide pioneering insight on the metabolic and physiological responses to ketosis under hypoxic conditions.
Interventions
OTHERSodium bicarbonate
Sodium bicarbonate - widely accessible food ingredient will be provided.
OTHERPlacebo
Placebo
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTKetone ester
75g ketone ester in the form of a drink \[96% (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate, Oxfordshire, UK)\] will be provided.
Sponsors
KU Leuven
Jozef Stefan Institute
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
18 Years to 35 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Males between 18 and 35 years old * Recreational or competitive cyclist performing regularly cycling training sessions of at least 4 hours, with an average training volume of more than 6 hours per week * Good health status confirmed by a medical screening * VO2max higher than 55 ml.min-1.kg-1 * Body Mass Index (BMI) between 18 and 25
Exclusion criteria
* Any kind of injury/pathology that is a contra-indication to perform high-intensity exercise * Intake of any medication or nutritional supplement that is known to affect exercise performance * Intake of analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents, or supplementary anti-oxidants, from 2 weeks prior to the start of the study. * Blood donation within 3 months prior to the start of the study * Smoking * More than 3 alcoholic beverages per day, including a maximum of one glass of wine per day * Involvement in elite athletic training at a semi-professional or professional level * Current participation in another research trial * Any other argument to believe that the subject is unlikely to successfully complete the full study protocol
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Cycling performance - Simulated 15-min long time trial | 5 hours - this is how long each experimental session is going to last. Subjects would be asked to do it 3 times as there are 3 different experimental conditions | Performance (average power output) during the 15 min long time trial on an ergometer |
| Change in Cycling performance - Simulated Sprint | 5 hours - this is how long each experimental session is going to last. Subjects would be asked to do it 3 times as there are 3 different experimental conditions | Time to exhaustion at 175% of the intensity of the second lactate threshold |
| Change in Blood acid-base balance (pH and [HCO3-]) during cycling | 5 hours - this is how long each experimental session is going to last. Subjects would be asked to do it 3 times as there are 3 different experimental conditions | Blood acid-base balance assement |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Respiratory parameters (VE, V̇O2 and V̇CO2) during exercise | 5 hours - this is how long each experimental session is going to last. Subjects would be asked to do it 3 times as there are 3 different experimental conditions | Gas exchange measurement |
| Change in Blood ketone concentrations during exercise | 5 hours - this is how long each experimental session is going to last. Subjects would be asked to do it 3 times as there are 3 different experimental conditions | Blood ketone assesment |
| Change in muscle oxygenation during exercise | 5 hours - this is how long each experimental session is going to last. Subjects would be asked to do it 3 times as there are 3 different experimental conditions | Near infrared spectroscopy measuremet |
| Change in arterial oxygen saturation during exercise | 5 hours - this is how long each experimental session is going to last. Subjects would be asked to do it 3 times as there are 3 different experimental conditions | Pulse oxymetry measurement |
| Change in Blood glucose concentrations during exercise | 5 hours - this is how long each experimental session is going to last. Subjects would be asked to do it 3 times as there are 3 different experimental conditions | Blood glucose assesment |
| Change in Blood lactate concentrations during exercise | 5 hours - this is how long each experimental session is going to last. Subjects would be asked to do it 3 times as there are 3 different experimental conditions | Blood lactate assesment |
Countries
Belgium
Outcome results
None listed