Coronary Artery Disease
Conditions
Keywords
Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary CT angiography, Atherosclerosis, Fractional Flow Reserve, Clinical outcome, Pharmacotherapy, Percutaneous coronary intervention
Brief summary
The investigators aim to investigate the prognostic implication of stenosis and plaque features on coronary CT angiography (CCTA), physiologic assessment, and pharmacotherapy after invasive coronary angiography.
Detailed description
Stenosis severity, plaque features, and myocardial ischemia have been known as important indicators in diagnosis and prognostication of patients with coronary artery disease. Invasive physiologic indies such as fractional flow reserve (FFR) are used to define ischemia-causing stenosis in the catheterization laboratory. FFR represents maximal blood flow to the myocardium supplied by an artery with stenosis as a fraction of normal maximum flow. The FFR-guided strategy was reported to improve the patients' outcomes in comparison with the angiography-guided strategy. However, clinical events still occur in patients with FFR \>0.80, and invasive therapy did not improve prognosis in patients with moderate to severe ischemia compared to optimal medical therapy in the ISCHEMIA trial. In the recent report, the prognosis in the vessel with FFR \>0.80 was associated with high-risk plaque characteristics on coronary CT angiography (CCTA). Likewise, incorporation of stenosis and plaque features and myocardial ischemia may provide better risk stratification of patients with coronary artery disease than evaluating each attribute alone. Recent proposed novel measurement such as pericoronary inflammation or epicardial fat metrics and lesion-specific or vessel-specific hemodynamic parameters derived from CCTA has also been known as a robust prognostic predictor. In addition, antiplatelet agents and lipid-lowering medication such as aspirin, clopidogrel, or statin are commonly used for primary and secondary prevention of adverse cardiovascular events. However, the relationship of combination and dosage of those drugs with prevention of plaque progression and clinical outcomes has not been fully understood. Accordingly, the investigators aim to find the prognostic implications of stenosis and plaque features, fat metrics on CCTA along with physiologic assessment and pharmocotherapy according to the different treatment strategies.
Interventions
DIAGNOSTIC_TESTFractional flow reserve, Coronary CT angiography
1. Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and measurement of fractional flow reserve (FFR) will be performed as part of routine clinical practice. The decision to perform CCTA before invasive angiography was at the judgment of the physicians in charge. 2. Physiologic assessment includes delta FFR (lesion-specific) and FFR (vessel-specific) measurement. Delta FFR is defined as a pressure step up across the lesion. Coronary angiography and physiologic assessment will be analyzed by an independent core laboratory (Seoul National University Hospital, Clinical Trial Center, Seoul, South Korea). 3. Stenosis and plaque features on CCTA will be analyzed by an independent CCTA core laboratory (Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Seoul, Korea), and pericoronary and epicardial fat metrics (fat attenuation index, epicardial fat attenuation index, epicardial fat volume, etc.) will be obtained by an independent cardiac CT fat core laboratory (Tsuchiura Kyodo general hospital, Ibaraki, Japan).
Sponsors
Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center
Ulsan Hospital
Inje University
Sejong General Hospital
Chosun University Hospital
Gachon University Gil Medical Center
Dong-A University Hospital
Wonju Severance Christian Hospital
Incheon St.Mary's Hospital
Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital
Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University
Dong-A ST Co., Ltd.
Seoul National University Hospital
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to No maximum
Inclusion criteria
1\) Deferral of PCI group Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age ≥ 20 years 2. Patients who undergo CCTA within 90 days before FFR measurement by clinical needs 3. Patients with a vessel determined to defer revascularization after FFR measurement.
Exclusion criteria
1. Left ventricular ejection fraction \< 35% 2. Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction within 72 hours or previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery 3. Abnormal epicardial coronary flow (TIMI flow \< 3) 4. Failed FFR measurement 5. Planned coronary artery bypass graft surgery after diagnostic angiography 6. Poor quality of CCTA which is unsuitable for plaque analysis 7. Patients with a stent in the target vessel 2\) PCI group Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age ≥ 20 years 2. Patients who undergo CCTA within 90 days before FFR measurement by clinical needs 3. Patients with a vessel that undergo stent implantation and FFR measurement both before and after revascularization (pre-PCI FFR and post-PCI FFR). * Patients with multiple vessels that meet inclusion criteria of the deferral of PCI group and PCI group will be assigned to the PCI group.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Adverse cardiovascular event according to stenosis and plaque features (Deferral group). | Upto 2 years after index procedure | A composite of cardiac death, vessel-related myocardial infarction (MI), or vessel-related ischemia-driven revascularization. The target vessel will be defined as the vessel with FFR measurement. |
| Adverse cardiovascular event according to pre-PCI FFR in vessels with low post-PCI FFR (PCI group). | Upto 2 years after index procedure | A composite of cardiac death, vessel-related myocardial infarction (MI), or vessel-related ischemia-driven revascularization. The target vessel will be defined as the vessel with FFR measurement. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical events and plaque and physiologic characteristics by medication history including antiplatelet agents and statin and serum lipid level during follow-up (Deferral group). | Upto 2 years after index procedure | Changes in lesion characteristics and outcome by medication history. |
| Prognostic value of CT-defined pericoronary and epicardial fat metrics (fat attenuation index [FAI], epicardial fat attenuation index [EFAI], and epicardial fat volume [EFV]) (Deferral group). | Upto 2 years after index procedure | Prognostic implications of fat metrics. |
| Risk prediction model by stenosis and plaque features, local hemodynamic parameters, and fat metrics and physiologic assessment (delta FFR and FFR) (Deferral group). | Upto 2 years after index procedure | Risk prediction model using conventional statistics or machine learning. |
| Risk of adverse cardiovascular events according to pre-PCI FFR (PCI group). | Upto 2 years after index procedure | Prognostic implications of pre-PCI FFR after PCI. |
| Prognostic impact of stenosis and plaque features on CCTA, local hemodynamic parameters (PCI group). | Upto 2 years after index procedure | Prognostic implications of stenosis and plaque features on CCTA after PCI. |
| Additive prognostic value of stenosis and plaque features on CCTA over FFR in prediction of adverse cardiovascular events (Deferral group). | Upto 2 years after index procedure | Comparison of outcome discrimination ability. |
| Clinical events and plaque and physiologic characteristics by medication history including antiplatelet agents and statin and serum lipid level during follow-up (PCI group). | Upto 2 years after index procedure | Changes in lesion characteristics and outcome by medication history. |
| Prognostic value of CT-defined pericoronary and epicardial fat metrics (FAI, EFAI, EFV) (PCI group). | Upto 2 years after index procedure | Prognostic implications of fat metrics. |
| Risk prediction model by stenosis and plaque features, local hemodynamic parameters, and fat metrics and physiologic assessment (delta FFR and FFR) (PCI group). | Upto 2 years after index procedure | Risk prediction model using conventional statistics or machine learning. |
| Comparison of risk for future events by comprehensive CCTA analysis and physiologic assessment between the deferral of PCI and PCI group (Whole population). | Upto 2 years after index procedure | Risk comparison and prediction model using conventional statistics or machine learning. |
| Relationship among FFR values, CT-derived plaque qualification and quantification, and CT-defined pericoronary and epicardial fat metrics including FAI, EFAI, and EFV (Whole population). | Upto 2 years after index procedure | Association among CCTA parameters and physiologic indices. |
| Comprehensive risk prediction model by integrating stenosis and plaque features on CCTA and physiologic assessment before and after PCI (PCI group). | Upto 2 years after index procedure | Risk prediction model using conventional statistics or machine learning. |
| Comprehensive risk prediction model by integrating stenosis and plaque features, local hemodynamic parameters (Deferral group). | Upto 2 years after index procedure | Risk prediction model using conventional statistics or machine learning. |
Countries
South Korea
Contacts
Primary ContactBon-Kwon Koo, MD, PhD
Backup ContactSeokhun Yang, MD
Outcome results
None listed