Flexor Tendon Injury, Hand Injuries
Conditions
Keywords
flexor tendons, children, functional outcome, hand injury
Brief summary
Hand and upper extremity injuries are among the most common causes of admission of children to the emergency department since they are the most frequently injured part of body following head in pediatric and adolescent population. Although upper extremity fractures and contusions are the main reasons of pediatric hand injuries, tendon injuries are not also uncommon. There are limited data in the literature about the long-term results of children with flexor tendon injury. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term functional outcomes of children with flexor tendon injury.
Detailed description
Hand and upper extremity injuries are among the most common causes of admission of children to the emergency department since they are the most frequently injured part of body following head in pediatric and adolescent population. Although upper extremity fractures and contusions are the main reasons of pediatric hand injuries, tendon injuries are not also uncommon. While extensor tendon injuries have been reported to be most frequent than flexor tendon injuries for all age groups, the ratio of flexor to extensor tendon injuries is higher in pediatric population than adults and in children younger than 10 years old flexor tendon injuries are more common than extensor tendon injuries.Despite some challenges in the treatment of flexor tendon injuries of children, the outcomes have been reported to be better in children than adults since they have better blood supply, more rapid tendon healing and better remodeling ability of scars and adhesions. However, there is still a risk of permanent morbidities such as significant scarring and stiffness which can cause worse functional outcomes.There are limited data in the literature about the long-term results of children with flexor tendon injury. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term functional outcomes of children with flexor tendon injury.
Interventions
OTHERScreening
The patients who agreed to participate to the study were assessed with a survey which included age, gender, height, weight and hand dominancy questions. Sensory, motor and functional assessments of the bilateral hand were performed.
Sponsors
Marmara University
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
6 Years to 18 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* . Patients between the ages of 6-18 who have applied to orthopedics emergency department due to hand injury and have been operated with flexor tendon injury, for the last 3 years
Exclusion criteria
* The patients who had history of bilateral hand injury, delayed surgery, accompanying extensor tendon injury and a follow-up less than six months after injury were excluded from the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Jebson Taylor Hand Function test | Day 0 | Jebsen - Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT) was performed on both hands for evaluation of the fine and gross motor functions. It is a standard and objective assessment method of hand functions with activities similar to those performed in daily life. The test consists of 7 subtests. During the test, a separate period is kept for each step. The functions of both hands are evaluated by the following operations; writing, card turning, picking up small common objects, simulated feeding, stacking backgammon-checkers, moving large light objects and moving large heavy objects. Score of each subset is time (seconds) to complete the task and total score is calculated by summing of times for each sub-tests |
| Grip strength | Day 0 | The grip strength measured using a Baseline Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer according to the recommendations of the American Hand Therapists Association.. It was measured with the shoulder in the adduction, elbow 90 \* flexion, forearm neutral and wrist 0-30 \* dorsiflexion and 0-15 \* ulnar deviation while the person was sitting position. The patient was asked to grasp the dynamometer as tightly as he could. For each side, 3 applications were made with an interval of 20 seconds and the average of these measurements was taken |
| Pinch Strength | Day 0 | Baseline Hydraulic Pinch Gauge was used to measure pinch strength. The measurement was made in the same position as the grip strength measurement. The pinch gauge was placed between the tip of thumb and the tip of the index finger and the patient was asked to squeeze as strongly as he could. For each side, 3 applications were made with an interval of 20 seconds and the average of these measurements was taken |
| Semmes -Weinstein Monofilament test | Day 0 | Sensory examination was done with Semmes -Weinstein Monofilament test. This evaluation was started with the smallest monofilament and larger filaments were applied respectively, the test was stopped in the smallest monofilament the patient felt, and this value was recorded. Evaluations were made from the distal tips of the 1st and 2nd finger and the palmar surface of the 2nd metacarpophalangeal joint for the median nerve evaluation (monofilament test 1,2,3, respectively), distal tip of the 5th finger, the palmar surface of the 5th metacarpophalangeal joint and hypothenar area (monofilament test 4, 5, 6, respectively) for ulnar nerve evaluation. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed