Foot Drop (Acquired), Venous Insufficiency
Conditions
Brief summary
Classic ballet dance is a demonstration of complex motor skills to be revealed in aesthetic combinations and repetitively, and it demands intensive use of the lower extremities within extreme of range of motion (ROM). Because ballet practice depends on advanced technical skills, it involves intensive physical training and causes an overload on the musculoskeletal system and foot deformities such as pes planus. Plantar venous pump (PVP) is a network of multiple venous vessels located between the muscles of the foot arch. PVP is considered the first step of venous return and discharges into the posterior tibial vein (PTV). PVP is reported to be active during gait while it is inactive in resting position. There are different views on the mechanisms enabling its activation 1-3. The general view is that during the stance phase of the gait, the flattening of the plantar arch with weight transfer causes the veins in this region to narrow and creates a force that pumps the blood up. The aim of this study is the investigation what kind of hemodynamic changes ballet training causes in the lower extremity
Interventions
OTHERNavicular drop measurement
The difference in navicular height between sitting and standing positions was recorded (mm) as the amount of navicular drop.
OTHERMeasurement of venous return parameters in supine
Venous return parameters of posterior tibial vein was measured when participant applied force equivalent to their own body weight on plantar surface of their right leg in supine position
OTHERMeasurement of venous return parameters in standing
In standing, venous return parameters was measured of posterior tibial vein when participants shift all of their weight to the right leg for 3 second with their leg muscles as relaxed as possible and their knee joint in full extension.
OTHERmeasurement of midfoot pressure distrubition
In standing, midfoot pressure distrubution was measured when participants shift all of their weight to the right leg
Sponsors
Marmara University
Study design
Observational model
OTHER
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
14 Years to 19 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
(for balerinas): * receiving ballet training at least 10 h per week for at least 4 years * receiving formal dancing training system Inclusion Criteria (for non-dancer group) * never receiving formal dancing training * having sedentary lifestyle
Exclusion criteria
* Participants with a history of foot or ankle surgery, * Participants with connective tissue disease, * Participants with rigid pes planus-cavus, * Participants with chronic venous insufficiency * Participants with acute ankle injury in recent 3 months
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Evaluation of navicular drop | Cchange from baseline navicular height in pre-intervention and immediately after the intervention/ | Navicular drop was measured in mm |
| Evaluation of diameter of tibialis posterior vein in supine | Change from baseline diameter of tibialis posterior vein during intervention | Diameter of tibialis posterior vein was measured in mm |
| Evaluation of flow velocity of tibialis posterior vein in supine | Change from baseline flow velocity of tibialis posterior vein during intervention | Flow velocity of tibialis posterior vein was measured in cm/s |
| Evaluation of volume flow of tibialis posterior vein in supine | Change from baseline volume flow of tibialis posterior vein during intervention | Volume flow of tibialis posterior vein was measured in ml/min |
| Evaluation of diameter of tibialis posterior vein during weight bearing | Change from baseline diameter of tibialis posterior during intervention | Diameter of tibialis posterior vein was measured in mm |
| Evaluation of flow velocity of tibialis posterior vein during weight bearing | Change from baseline flow velocity of tibialis posterior vein during intervention | Flow velocity of tibialis posterior vein was measured in cm/s |
| Evaluation of volume flow of tibialis posterior vein during weight bearing | Change from baseline volume flow of tibialis posterior vein during intervention | Volume flow of tibialis posterior vein was measured in ml/min |
| Evaluation of midfoot plantar pressure during weight bearing | Change from baseline midfoot pressure during intervention | Midfoot plantar pressure was measured in gr/cm2 |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed