Obesity Adult Onset
Conditions
Brief summary
It was demonstrated that acute dietary supplementation with GSE reduced arterial blood pressure via reduction in Q in obese individuals. However, no studies have investigated the chronic effects of dietary GSE supplementation on hemodynamic responses during exercise. Given the fact that obesity is associated with an impaired function of eNOS, the effect of chronic dietary GSE supplementation on abnormal blood pressure response to exercise and aortic stiffness (AoS) needs be elucidated. Thus, it is hypothesized that GSE decreases systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), Q, and aortic stiffness at rest and during exercise. This study would determine that this supplementation may be used as a non-pharmacological intervention to prevent incident hypertension and cardiovascular events during exercise via enhanced endothelial function.
Detailed description
We investigated whether elevated blood pressure and aortic stiffness (AoS) characterized in obese and overweight males (N=10) are reduced following chronic GSE supplementation during exercise. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (Q), total vascular conductance (TVC), and AoS to two submaximal cycling exercises (40% and 60% VO2peak) were compared 7 days after ingestion of GSE or placebo (PL) within an one week washout period. Compared with PL, GSE supplementation significantly decreased MAP at rest, 40%, and 60% workloads. AoS was significantly reduced at rest. Q tended to be decreased, but there was no significant difference. GSE had no effect on HR, TVC, and SV. Our study indicates that chronic supplementation with GSE reduces arterial pressure at rest and during exercise primarily via the combined reduction of AoS and Q. Thus, GSE can be a dietary supplement to treat augmented blood pressure responses in obese and overweight males at rest and during exercise.
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTGrape Seed Extract
Subjects took a single dose of 600 mg GSE in capsule form through ingestion 2 hours prior to testing Dietary Supplement: Grape seed extract Two capsule grape seed extract (total 600 mg) per day
Sponsors
California Baptist University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
18 Years to 29 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Overweight: 25-29.9 kg/m2 * Obese: \> 30 kg/m2 * Waist circumference: \> 90 cm
Exclusion criteria
* Antihypertensive medication * Major systemic disease (cancer) * Musculoskeletal diseases * Cardiovascular diseases or symptoms including chest pain * Myocardial infarction * Arrhythmias * Heart failure
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| change in heart rate at rest and during exercise | 7 day supplementation | beats per minute |
| change in stroke volume at rest and during exercise | 7 day supplementation | volume per stroke |
| change in cardiac output at rest and during exercise | 7 day supplementation | total volume for one minute |
| change in systolic blood pressure at rest and during exercise | 7 day supplementation | pressure exerted during contraction |
| change in diastolic blood pressure at rest and during exercise | 7 day supplementation | pressure exerted during relaxation |
| change in total vascular conductance at rest and during exercise | 7 day supplementation | one reported value (cardiac output/mean arterial pressure) |
| change in aortic stiffness at rest | 7 day supplementation | Arbitrary unit |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed