Neoplasms, Head and Neck
Conditions
Keywords
GSK3359609, Pembrolizumab, Programmed cell death receptor 1, Inducible T cell co-stimulatory receptor, Keynote-A02, Phase II/III, Platinum-based chemotherapy, 5FU, Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to evaluate if the addition of GSK3359609 to pembrolizumab in combination with 5FU-platinum based chemotherapy improves the efficacy of the pembrolizumab combination with 5FU-platinum based chemotherapy in participants with recurrent or metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This randomized, double-blinded, Phase II/III study will compare the combination of GSK3359609 with pembrolizumab and 5FU-platinum chemotherapy to placebo in combination with pembrolizumab and 5FU-platinum chemotherapy in participants with recurrent or metastatic HNSCC of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx or larynx.
Interventions
DRUGFeladilimab
Humanized anti-inducible T cell co-stimulatory receptor (ICOS) immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody (mAb)
DRUGPembrolizumab
Humanized anti- programmed cell death receptor1 (anti-PD-1) IgG4 mAb
DRUGPlacebo
Sterile normal saline
Cisplatin/carboplatin
5-fluorouracil
Sponsors
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
GlaxoSmithKline
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Masking description
This is a double blind study.
Intervention model description
This will be a randomized, parallel group treatment study with eligible participants receiving either GSK3359609 in combination with pembrolizumab and 5FU-platinum chemotherapy or placebo in combination with pembrolizumab and 5FU-platinum chemotherapy.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Capable of giving signed informed consent * Male or female, age \>=18 years * HNSCC that was diagnosed as recurrent or metastatic and considered incurable by local therapies. * Primary tumor location of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx or larynx. * No prior systemic therapy administered in the recurrent or metastatic setting (with the exception of systemic therapy completed \>6 months prior if given as part of multimodal treatment for locally advanced disease and no disease progression/recurrence within 6 months of the completion of curatively intended systemic treatment). * Measurable disease per RECIST version 1.1 guidelines * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status (PS) score of 0 or 1. * Adequate organ function. * Life expectancy of at least 12 weeks. * Female participants: must not be pregnant, not breastfeeding, and be either not a woman of childbearing potential (WOCBP); or be a WOCBP who agrees to use a highly effective method of birth control from 30 days prior to randomization and for at least 120 days after the last dose of study treatment. * Male participants with female partners of child-bearing potential: must agree to use a highly effective contraception while receiving study treatment and for at least 120 days after the last dose of study treatment and refrain from donating sperm during this periods. * Provide tumor tissue from excisional or core biopsy (fine needle aspirates and bone biopsies are not acceptable) acquired within 2 years prior to randomization for PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing by central laboratory. * Have PD-L1 IHC CPS status by central laboratory testing. * Have results from testing of human papilloma virus (HPV) status for oropharyngeal cancer.
Exclusion criteria
* Prior therapy with an anti-PD-1/L1/L2, anti-Inducible T Cell Co-Stimulatory Receptor (ICOS) directed agent. * Systemic approved or investigational anticancer therapy within 30 days or 5 half lives of the drug, whichever is shorter. At least 14 days must have elapsed between the last dose of prior anticancer agent and the date of randomization. - Has high risk of bleeding (examples include but not limited to tumors encasing or infiltrating a major vessel \[i.e. carotid, jugular, bronchial artery\] and/or exhibits other high-risk features such as an arteriovenous fistula) * Active tumor bleeding - Grade 3 or Grade 4 hypercalcemia. * Major surgery less than or equal to (\<=) 28 days prior to randomization. * Participants must have also fully recovered from any surgery (major or minor) and/or its complications before randomization * Toxicity from previous anticancer treatment that includes: a. Grade 3/Grade 4 toxicity considered related to prior immunotherapy and that led to treatment discontinuation and b. toxicity related to prior treatment that has not resolved to \<=Grade 1 (except alopecia, hearing loss, endocrinopathy managed with replacement therapy, and peripheral neuropathy which must be \<=Grade 2). * Received transfusion of blood products or administration of colony stimulating factors within 14 days prior to randomization. * Central nervous system (CNS) metastases, with the following exception: Participants with asymptomatic CNS metastases who are clinically stable and have no requirement for steroids for at least 14 days prior to randomization. * Invasive malignancy or history of invasive malignancy other than disease under study within the last 3 years with the exception of: a. any other invasive malignancy for which the participant was definitively treated, has been disease-free for \<=3 years. b. curatively treated non-melanoma skin cancer or successfully treated in situ carcinoma and/or. c. low-risk early stage prostate cancer defined as: Stage T1c or T2a with a Gleason score \<=6 and prostatic-specific antigen less than (\<)10 nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL) either treated with definitive intent or untreated in active surveillance that has been stable for the past year prior to randomization. * Autoimmune disease or syndrome that required systemic treatment within the past 2 years. * Has a diagnosis of immunodeficiency or is receiving systemic steroids (\>10 milligram \[mg\] oral prednisone or equivalent) or other immunosuppressive agents within 7 days prior to randomization. * Receipt of any live vaccine within 30 days prior randomization. * Prior allogeneic/autologous bone marrow or solid organ transplantation. * Has current pneumonitis or history of non-infectious pneumonitis that required steroids or other immunosuppressive agents. * Recent history (within the past 6 months) of uncontrolled symptomatic ascites, pleural or pericardial effusions. * Recent history (within the past 6 months) of gastrointestinal obstruction that required surgery, acute diverticulitis, inflammatory bowel disease, or intra-abdominal abscess. * Recent history of allergen desensitization therapy within 4 weeks of randomization. * History or evidence of cardiac abnormalities within the 6 months prior to randomization which include: a. Serious, uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia or clinically significant electrocardiogram abnormalities including second degree (Type II) or third-degree atrioventricular block. b. Cardiomyopathy, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndromes(including unstable angina pectoris), coronary angioplasty, stenting or bypass grafting. c. Congestive heart failure (Class II, III, or IV) as defined by the New York Heart Association functional classification system. d. Symptomatic pericarditis. * Current unstable liver or biliary disease per investigator assessment defined by the presence of ascites, encephalopathy, coagulopathy, hypoalbuminemia, esophageal or gastric varices, persistent jaundice, or cirrhosis. * Active infection requiring systemic therapy. * Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, or positive test for hepatitis B active infection (presence of hepatitis B surface antigen), or hepatitis C active infection. * History of severe hypersensitivity to monoclonal antibodies or to the chemotherapies under investigation including any ingredient used in the formulation. * Known history of active tuberculosis. * Any serious (\>=Grade 3) and/or unstable pre-existing medical condition (aside from malignancy). * Any psychiatric disorder, or other condition that could interfere with participant's safety, obtaining informed consent, or compliance to the study procedures in the opinion of the investigator. * Is currently participating in or has participated in a study of an investigational agent or has used an investigational device within 4 weeks prior to the date of randomization.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Survival (OS) in mITT Population | Up to approximately 7 months | OS was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of death due to any cause. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median OS is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. |
| OS in Programmed Death Receptor-ligand 1 (PD-L1) Combined Positive Score (CPS) ≥1 Population | Up to approximately 7 months | OS was defined as the time from the date of randomization until the date of death due to any cause. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median OS is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. |
| Progression-free Survival (PFS) Per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version (v)1.1 in mITT Population | Up to approximately 7 months | PFS per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version (v)1.1 was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of first documented disease progression or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median PFS is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Response Rate (ORR) Per RECIST v1.1 in mITT Population | Up to approximately 7 months | ORR per RECIST v1.1 was defined as the proportion of the participants who have a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) as the best overall response per RECIST v1.1 based upon investigator assessment. As a randomized double-blind study in which primary endpoints are OS and PFS, the confirmation of CR and PR was not required. Rate and associated 2-sided 95 percent Exact (Clopper-Pearson) Confidence Intervals are provided for each treatment arm which are unadjusted. |
| ORR Per RECIST v1.1 in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Up to approximately 7 months | ORR per RECIST v1.1 was defined as the proportion of the participants who have a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) as the best overall response per RECIST v1.1 based upon investigator assessment. As a randomized double-blind study in which primary endpoints are OS and PFS, the confirmation of CR and PR was not required. Rate and associated 2-sided 95 percent Exact (Clopper-Pearson) Confidence Intervals are provided for each treatment arm which are unadjusted. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells. |
| Disease Control Rate (DCR) Per RECIST v1.1 in mITT Population | Up to approximately 7 months | DCR per RECIST v1.1 based upon investigator assessment, was defined as the percentage of participants with a best overall response of CR or PR at any time plus stable disease (SD) meeting the minimum time of 15 weeks. A status of SD≥15 weeks will be assigned if the follow-up disease assessment has met the SD criteria at least once after the date of randomization at a minimum of 14 weeks (98 days) considering a one-week visit window. Rate and associated 2-sided 95 percent Exact (Clopper-Pearson) Confidence Intervals are provided for each treatment arm which are unadjusted. |
| DCR Per RECIST v1.1 in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Up to approximately 7 months | DCR per RECIST v1.1 based upon investigator assessment, was defined as the percentage of participants with a best overall response of CR or PR at any time plus stable disease (SD) meeting the minimum time of 15 weeks. A status of SD≥15 weeks will be assigned if the follow-up disease assessment has met the SD criteria at least once after the date of randomization at a minimum of 14 weeks (98 days) considering a one-week visit window. Rate and associated 2-sided 95 percent Exact (Clopper-Pearson) Confidence Intervals are provided for each treatment arm which are unadjusted. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells. |
| Duration of Response (DoR) Per RECIST v1.1 in mITT Population | Up to approximately 7 months | DoR per RECIST v1.1 is defined as the time from first documented evidence of CR or PR until first documented disease progression per RECIST v1.1 based upon investigator assessment or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first, among participants who demonstrated CR or PR as the best overall response per RECIST v1.1. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median DoR is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. |
| DoR Per RECIST v1.1 in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Up to approximately 7 months | DoR per RECIST v1.1 is defined as the time from first documented evidence of CR or PR until first documented disease progression per RECIST v1.1 based upon investigator assessment or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first, among participants who demonstrated CR or PR as the best overall response per RECIST v1.1. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median DoR is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells. |
| Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs) in Safety Population | Up to approximately 37.2 months | An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant, temporally associated with the use of a study intervention, whether or not considered related to the study intervention |
| Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) in Safety Population | Up to approximately 37.2 months | SAE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose, resulted in death, was life-threatening, required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, resulted in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, was a congenital anomaly/birth defect and other situations according to medical or scientific judgement. |
| Number of Participants With Adverse Events of Special Interest (AESI) in Safety Population | Up to approximately 37.2 months | AESI were defined as events of potential immunologic etiology, including immune-related AEs (irAEs). |
| Number of Participants With AEs in Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) Combined Positive Score (CPS ≥1) Population | Up to approximately 37.2 months | Any untoward or unfavorable medical occurrence in a participant, including any abnormal sign (for example, abnormal physical exam or laboratory finding), symptom, or disease, temporally associated with the participant's participation in the research, whether or not considered related to the participant's participation in the research. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells. |
| Number of Participants With SAEs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Up to approximately 37.2 months | SAE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose, resulted in death, was life-threatening, required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, resulted in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, was a congenital anomaly/birth defect and other situations according to medical or scientific judgement. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells. |
| Number of Participants With AESIs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Up to approximately 37.2 months | AESI were defined as events of potential immunologic etiology, including immune-related AEs (irAEs). CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells. |
| PFS Per RECIST v1.1 in the PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Up to approximately 7 months | PFS per RECIST v1.1 was defined as the time from the date of randomization until the date of disease progression or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median PFS is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. |
| Severity of SAEs in Safety Population | Up to approximately 37.2 months | A SAE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose resulted in death, was life-threatening, required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, resulted in persistent disability/incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, any other situation such as important medical events according to medical or scientific judgement. Severity for each SAE was reported during the study and assigned a grade according to the NCI-CTCAE v5.0. from Grade 1 through Grade 5. Grade 1= mild toxicity; Grade 2 = moderate toxicity; Grade 3 = severe toxicity; Grade 4 = life-threatening or disabling toxicity, Grade 5 = death related to toxicity. Data of participants experiencing SAEs of Grade \>= 3 has been presented. |
| Severity of AESIs in Safety Population | Up to approximately 37.2 months | AESI were defined as events of potential immunologic etiology, including immune-related AEs (irAEs). Severity of each AESI was reported during the study and was assigned a grade according to the NCI-CTCAE. AESIs severity were graded on a 5-point scale as: 1 = mild; discomfort noticed, but no disruption to daily activity, 2 = moderate; discomfort sufficient to reduce or affect normal daily activity, 3 = severe; inability to work or perform normal daily activity, 4 = life-threatening consequences and 5 = death related to AE. Data of participants experiencing AESIs of Grade \>= 3 have been presented. |
| Severity of AEs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Up to approximately 37.2 months | An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant, temporally associated with the use of a study intervention, whether or not considered related to the study intervention. Severity for each AE was reported during the study and assigned a grade according to the NCI-CTCAE v5.0. from Grade 1 through Grade 5. Grade 1= mild toxicity; Grade 2 = moderate toxicity; Grade 3 = severe toxicity; Grade 4 = life-threatening or disabling toxicity, Grade 5 = death related to toxicity. Data of participants experiencing AEs of Grade \>= 3 have been presented. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells. |
| Severity of SAEs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Up to approximately 37.2 months | A SAE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose resulted in death, was life-threatening, required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, resulted in persistent disability/incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, any other situation such as important medical events according to medical or scientific judgement. Severity for each SAE was reported during the study and assigned a grade according to the NCI-CTCAE v5.0. from Grade 1 through Grade 5. Grade 1= mild toxicity; Grade 2 = moderate toxicity; Grade 3 = severe toxicity; Grade 4 = life-threatening or disabling toxicity, Grade 5 = death related to toxicity. Data of participants that experienced SAEs of Grade \>= 3 have been presented. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells. |
| Severity of AESI in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Up to approximately 37.2 months | AESI were defined as events of potential immunologic etiology, including immune-related AEs (irAEs). Severity of each AESI was reported during the study and was assigned a grade according to the NCI-CTCAE. AESIs severity were graded on a 5-point scale as: 1 = mild; discomfort noticed, but no disruption to daily activity, 2 = moderate; discomfort sufficient to reduce or affect normal daily activity, 3 = severe; inability to work or perform normal daily activity, 4 = life-threatening consequences and 5 = death related to AE. Data of participants that experienced AESIs of Grade \>= 3 have been presented. |
| Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Up to approximately 7 months | Number of participants with dose modifications (including dose interruptions, dose delays, dose reductions and treatment discontinuations) were reported by each interventional component. |
| Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Up to approximately 7 months | Number of participants with dose modifications (including dose interruptions, dose delays, dose reductions and treatment discontinuations) were reported by each interventional component. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells. |
| Time to Deterioration (TTD) in Pain in mITT Population | Up to approximately 7 months | TTD in pain is defined as the time from randomization to the first definitive meaningful deterioration from baseline in the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Item Library(EORTC IL51) Questionnaire pain domain, i.e. an increase from baseline of at least 8.33 observed at all subsequent non-missing visits. The EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire 35-Item Head and Neck Module (QLQ-H&N35) is a head and neck specific module with multi-item scales. The mouth pain, swallowing, speech problems, opening mouth, coughing, feeding tube, and trouble with social eating domains were administered and referred to as the EORTC IL51. The questionnaire scores for each scale and single-item measure are averaged and transformed linearly to present a score ranging from 0-100. A high score represents a high/healthy level of functioning. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median TTD is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. |
| TTD in Pain in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Up to approximately 7 months | TTD in pain is defined as the time from randomization to the first definitive meaningful deterioration from baseline in the EORTC IL51 pain domain, i.e. an increase from baseline of at least 8.33 observed at all subsequent non-missing visits. The EORTC QLQ-H&N35 is a head and neck specific module with multi-item scales. The mouth pain, swallowing, speech problems, opening mouth, coughing, feeding tube, and trouble with social eating domains were administered and referred to as the EORTC IL51. The questionnaire scores for each scale and single-item measure are averaged and transformed linearly to present a score ranging from 0-100. A high score represents a high/healthy level of functioning. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median TTD is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells to the total number of viable tumor cells. |
| TTD in Physical Function in mITT Population | Up to approximately 7 months | TTD in physical function (PF) is defined as the time from randomization to the first definitive meaningful deterioration from baseline in the PF T-score, i.e. a decrease from baseline of at least 2.4 observed at all subsequent non-missing visits, as measured by the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System - Physical Function (PROMIS PF 8c).The PROMIS PF 8c is an 8-item fixed length short form derived from the PROMIS Physical Function item bank. It includes a 5-point scale with three sets of response options. Scores on the PROMIS PF 8c are reported on a T score metric (mean = 50 and SD = 10), with higher scores reflecting better physical functioning. |
| TTD in Physical Function in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Up to approximately 7 months | TTD in PF is defined as the time from randomization to the first definitive meaningful deterioration from baseline in the PF T-score, i.e. a decrease from baseline of at least 2.4 observed at all subsequent non-missing visits, as measured by the PROMIS PF 8c.The PROMIS PF 8c is an 8-item fixed length short form derived from the PROMIS Physical Function item bank. It includes a 5-point scale with three sets of response options. Scores on the PROMIS PF 8c are reported on a T score metric (mean = 50 and SD = 10), with higher scores reflecting better physical functioning. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells |
| Severity of AEs in Safety Population | Up to approximately 37.2 months | An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant, temporally associated with the use of a study intervention, whether or not considered related to the study intervention. Severity for each AE was reported during the study and assigned a grade according to the NCI-CTCAE v5.0. from Grade 1 through Grade 5. Grade 1= mild toxicity; Grade 2 = moderate toxicity; Grade 3 = severe toxicity; Grade 4 = life-threatening or disabling toxicity, Grade 5 = death related to toxicity. |
| Milestone OS Rate at 12, 24 and 36 Months in mITT Population | Months 12, 24 and 36 | Milestone OS rate at 12, 24, and 36 months was not evaluated. |
| Milestone OS Rate at 12, 24 and 36 Months in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Months 12, 24 and 36 | Milestone OS rate at 12, 24, and 36 months was not evaluated. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells. |
Countries
Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Poland, Romania, Russia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Recruitment in the study stopped following the review of unblinded interim safety and efficacy data by IDMC, after a pre-specified futility analysis of the 209229(NCT04128696) trial. A Dear investigator letter (DIL) was issued to stop screening & randomization of more participants in both studies. Participants discontinued feladilimab/placebo, but treatment with pembrolizumab plus fluorouracil (5FU) platinum chemotherapy continued until disease progression, death or unacceptable toxicity.
Pre-assignment details
One participant was incorrectly re-randomized into the study twice and was given a new participant ID. However, the participant was considered only once for the analyses. An additional participant was randomized after the data cut off for the primary posting and received only pembrolizumab. Therefore, this participant is included in safety analysis for the end of study posting.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy Participants were administered feladilimab (humanized anti- ICOS IgG4 mAb) and pembrolizumab (humanized anti-PD-1 IgG4 mAb) as an IV infusion along with 5 FU-platinum chemotherapy (cisplatin OR carboplatin) Q3W. | 57 |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy Participants were administered placebo and pembrolizumab as an IV infusion along with 5 FU-platinum chemotherapy (cisplatin OR carboplatin) Q3W. | 60 |
| Total | 117 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Physician Decision | 5 | 6 |
| Overall Study | Study Terminated By Sponsor | 14 | 16 |
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 1 | 3 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Customized 18-64 years | 37 Participants | 40 Participants | 77 Participants |
| Age, Customized >=65-84 years | 20 Participants | 20 Participants | 40 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Asian - Central/South Asian Heritage | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Asian - East Asian Heritage | 5 Participants | 7 Participants | 12 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Asian - Japanese Heritage | 2 Participants | 0 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Asian - South East Asian Heritage | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Black or African American | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Missing | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized White - White/Caucasian/European Heritage | 43 Participants | 50 Participants | 93 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 10 Participants | 14 Participants | 24 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 47 Participants | 46 Participants | 93 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 33 / 51 | 39 / 65 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 50 / 51 | 63 / 65 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 23 / 51 | 32 / 65 |
Outcome results
Primary
OS in Programmed Death Receptor-ligand 1 (PD-L1) Combined Positive Score (CPS) ≥1 Population
OS was defined as the time from the date of randomization until the date of death due to any cause. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median OS is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method.
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: Data for participants with PD-L1 CPS ≥1 in mITT population are presented.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | OS in Programmed Death Receptor-ligand 1 (PD-L1) Combined Positive Score (CPS) ≥1 Population | NA Months |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | OS in Programmed Death Receptor-ligand 1 (PD-L1) Combined Positive Score (CPS) ≥1 Population | NA Months |
Comparison: The hazard ratio and corresponding 2-sided 95% confidence interval was calculated from the cox regression model with Efron's method of tie handling with treatment as a covariate and stratified by PD-L1 expression (CPS ≥ 20 vs 1≤ CPS\<20) and HPV status (positive vs. negative). Participants with oropharynx HPV negative/unknown and non-oropharyngeal tumors were combined as the HPV negative group.p-value: 0.7495% CI: [0.2, 23.87]Stratified Cox proportional hazard model
Primary
Overall Survival (OS) in mITT Population
OS was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of death due to any cause. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median OS is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method.
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: mITT population: All randomized participants whether or not randomized intervention was administered, excluding those who were first dosed or randomized after the date of DIL requesting immediate discontinuation of feladilimab /placebo. Participants were analyzed based on the study intervention to which the participant was randomized
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Overall Survival (OS) in mITT Population | NA Months |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Overall Survival (OS) in mITT Population | NA Months |
Comparison: The hazard ratio and corresponding 2-sided 95% confidence interval was calculated from the cox regression model with Efron's method of tie handling with treatment as a covariate and stratified by PD-L1 expression (CPS ≥20 vs. 1≤ CPS \<20 vs. CPS \<1) and Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) status (positive vs. negative). Participants with oropharynx HPV negative/unknown and non-oropharyngeal tumors were combined as the HPV negative group.p-value: 0.7495% CI: [0.2, 23.87]Stratified Cox proportional hazard model
Primary
Progression-free Survival (PFS) Per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version (v)1.1 in mITT Population
PFS per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version (v)1.1 was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of first documented disease progression or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median PFS is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method.
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: All participants in the mITT population were analyzed
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Progression-free Survival (PFS) Per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version (v)1.1 in mITT Population | 5.5 Months |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Progression-free Survival (PFS) Per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version (v)1.1 in mITT Population | 4.7 Months |
Comparison: The hazard ratio and corresponding 2-sided 95% confidence interval was calculated from the cox regression model with Efron's method of tie handling with treatment as a covariate and stratified by PD-L1 expression (CPS ≥20 vs. 1≤ CPS \<20 vs. CPS \<1) and HPV status (positive vs. negative). Participants with oropharynx HPV negative/unknown and non-oropharyngeal tumors were combined as the HPV negative group.p-value: 0.28495% CI: [0.2, 2.43]Stratified Cox proportional hazard model
Secondary
DCR Per RECIST v1.1 in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population
DCR per RECIST v1.1 based upon investigator assessment, was defined as the percentage of participants with a best overall response of CR or PR at any time plus stable disease (SD) meeting the minimum time of 15 weeks. A status of SD≥15 weeks will be assigned if the follow-up disease assessment has met the SD criteria at least once after the date of randomization at a minimum of 14 weeks (98 days) considering a one-week visit window. Rate and associated 2-sided 95 percent Exact (Clopper-Pearson) Confidence Intervals are provided for each treatment arm which are unadjusted. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells.
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: Data for participants with PD-L1 CPS ≥1 in mITT population are presented.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | DCR Per RECIST v1.1 in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 30.6 Percentage of participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | DCR Per RECIST v1.1 in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 34.6 Percentage of participants |
Comparison: The comparison between treatment groups was based on the stratified Miettinen \& Nurminen method with strata weighting by sample size and a single treatment covariate. Stratification factors included PD-L1 expression (CPS ≥20 vs. 1≤ CPS \<20) and HPV status (positive vs. negative). Participants with oropharynx HPV negative/unknown and non-oropharyngeal tumors were combined as the HPV negative group.95% CI: [-22.8, 13.3]
Secondary
Disease Control Rate (DCR) Per RECIST v1.1 in mITT Population
DCR per RECIST v1.1 based upon investigator assessment, was defined as the percentage of participants with a best overall response of CR or PR at any time plus stable disease (SD) meeting the minimum time of 15 weeks. A status of SD≥15 weeks will be assigned if the follow-up disease assessment has met the SD criteria at least once after the date of randomization at a minimum of 14 weeks (98 days) considering a one-week visit window. Rate and associated 2-sided 95 percent Exact (Clopper-Pearson) Confidence Intervals are provided for each treatment arm which are unadjusted.
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: All participants in the mITT population were analyzed
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Disease Control Rate (DCR) Per RECIST v1.1 in mITT Population | 32.7 Percentage of participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Disease Control Rate (DCR) Per RECIST v1.1 in mITT Population | 36.4 Percentage of participants |
Comparison: The comparison between treatment groups was based on the stratified Miettinen \& Nurminen method with strata weighting by sample size and a single treatment covariate. Stratification factors included PD-L1 expression (CPS ≥20 vs. 1≤ CPS \<20 vs. CPS \<1) and HPV status (positive vs. negative). Participants with oropharynx HPV negative/unknown and non-oropharyngeal tumors were combined as the HPV negative group.95% CI: [-22.2, 13.1]
Secondary
DoR Per RECIST v1.1 in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population
DoR per RECIST v1.1 is defined as the time from first documented evidence of CR or PR until first documented disease progression per RECIST v1.1 based upon investigator assessment or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first, among participants who demonstrated CR or PR as the best overall response per RECIST v1.1. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median DoR is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells.
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: Data for participants with a best overall response of CR or PR in mITT population with PD-L1 CPS ≥1 are presented.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | DoR Per RECIST v1.1 in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | NA Months |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | DoR Per RECIST v1.1 in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 2.8 Months |
Secondary
Duration of Response (DoR) Per RECIST v1.1 in mITT Population
DoR per RECIST v1.1 is defined as the time from first documented evidence of CR or PR until first documented disease progression per RECIST v1.1 based upon investigator assessment or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first, among participants who demonstrated CR or PR as the best overall response per RECIST v1.1. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median DoR is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method.
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: Data for participants with a best overall response of CR or PR in mITT population are presented.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Duration of Response (DoR) Per RECIST v1.1 in mITT Population | NA Months |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Duration of Response (DoR) Per RECIST v1.1 in mITT Population | 2.8 Months |
Secondary
Milestone OS Rate at 12, 24 and 36 Months in mITT Population
Milestone OS rate at 12, 24, and 36 months was not evaluated.
Time frame: Months 12, 24 and 36
Population: mITT population. All participants were on study for \<12 months. The maximum duration of follow-up was approximately 7 months.
Secondary
Milestone OS Rate at 12, 24 and 36 Months in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population
Milestone OS rate at 12, 24, and 36 months was not evaluated. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells.
Time frame: Months 12, 24 and 36
Population: Data for participants with PD-L1 CPS ≥1 in mITT population were to be presented. All participants were on study for \<12 months. The maximum duration of follow-up was approximately 7 months.
Secondary
Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs) in Safety Population
An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant, temporally associated with the use of a study intervention, whether or not considered related to the study intervention
Time frame: Up to approximately 37.2 months
Population: Safety Population: All randomized participants who took at least 1 dose of study intervention. Participants were analyzed according to the actual study intervention received. An additional participant was randomized after the data cut off and received pembrolizumab. Therefore, participant was included in safety analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs) in Safety Population | 51 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs) in Safety Population | 65 Participants |
Secondary
Number of Participants With Adverse Events of Special Interest (AESI) in Safety Population
AESI were defined as events of potential immunologic etiology, including immune-related AEs (irAEs).
Time frame: Up to approximately 37.2 months
Population: Safety Population. An additional participant was randomized after the data cut-off and received pembrolizumab. Therefore, this participant was included in safety analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Adverse Events of Special Interest (AESI) in Safety Population | 29 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Adverse Events of Special Interest (AESI) in Safety Population | 43 Participants |
Secondary
Number of Participants With AEs in Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) Combined Positive Score (CPS ≥1) Population
Any untoward or unfavorable medical occurrence in a participant, including any abnormal sign (for example, abnormal physical exam or laboratory finding), symptom, or disease, temporally associated with the participant's participation in the research, whether or not considered related to the participant's participation in the research. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells.
Time frame: Up to approximately 37.2 months
Population: Data for participants with PD-L1 CPS ≥1 in the safety population are presented. An additional participant was randomized after the data cut-off and received pembrolizumab. Therefore, this participant was included in safety analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With AEs in Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) Combined Positive Score (CPS ≥1) Population | 48 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With AEs in Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) Combined Positive Score (CPS ≥1) Population | 62 Participants |
Secondary
Number of Participants With AESIs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population
AESI were defined as events of potential immunologic etiology, including immune-related AEs (irAEs). CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells.
Time frame: Up to approximately 37.2 months
Population: Data for participants with PD-L1 CPS ≥1 in the safety population are presented. An additional participant was randomized after the data cut-off and received pembrolizumab. Therefore, this participant was included in safety analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With AESIs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 27 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With AESIs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 40 Participants |
Secondary
Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population
Number of participants with dose modifications (including dose interruptions, dose delays, dose reductions and treatment discontinuations) were reported by each interventional component. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells.
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: Data for participants with PD-L1 CPS ≥1 in the safety population are presented.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Delays per component - carboplatin/cisplatin | 11 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Treatment Discontinuations per component - feladilimab/placebo | 47 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Treatment Discontinuations per component - carboplatin/cisplatin | 13 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Delays per component - placebo | NA Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Treatment Discontinuations per component - fluorouracil | 15 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Delays per component - fluorouracil | 8 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Interruptions per component- feladilimab | 0 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Interruptions per component- placebo | NA Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Delays per component - feladilimab | 12 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Interruptions per component- pembrolizumab | 0 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Reductions per component - feladilimab | NA Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Interruptions per component- carboplatin/cisplatin | 1 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Delays per component - pembrolizumab | 2 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Reductions per component - pembrolizumab | NA Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Reductions per component - placebo | NA Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Reductions per component - carboplatin/cisplatin | 11 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Interruptions per component- fluorouracil | 0 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Treatment Discontinuations per component - pembrolizumab | 10 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Reductions per component - fluorouracil | 16 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Treatment Discontinuations per component - pembrolizumab | 14 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Interruptions per component- carboplatin/cisplatin | 1 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Interruptions per component- fluorouracil | 7 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Delays per component - feladilimab | NA Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Delays per component - placebo | 11 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Delays per component - pembrolizumab | 12 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Delays per component - carboplatin/cisplatin | 9 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Delays per component - fluorouracil | 9 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Reductions per component - feladilimab | NA Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Reductions per component - carboplatin/cisplatin | 16 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Reductions per component - fluorouracil | 19 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Treatment Discontinuations per component - carboplatin/cisplatin | 16 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Treatment Discontinuations per component - fluorouracil | 16 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Interruptions per component- placebo | 0 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Interruptions per component- pembrolizumab | 0 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Reductions per component - placebo | NA Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Reductions per component - pembrolizumab | NA Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Treatment Discontinuations per component - feladilimab/placebo | 53 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | Dose Interruptions per component- feladilimab | NA Participants |
Secondary
Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population
Number of participants with dose modifications (including dose interruptions, dose delays, dose reductions and treatment discontinuations) were reported by each interventional component.
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: All participants in the safety population were analyzed
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose delays per component - placebo | NA Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose delays per component - fluorouracil | 9 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose interruption per component - fuorouracil | 0 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose Reduction per component - feladilimab | NA Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose delays per component - pembrolizumab | 13 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose Reduction per component - placebo | NA Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose interruption per component - carboplatin/cisplatin | 1 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose Reduction per component - carboplatin/cisplatin | 12 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose delays per component - cisplatin/carboplatin | 12 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose Reduction per component - fluorouracil | 18 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose Reduction per component - pembrolizumab | NA Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Treatment discontinuation per component - feladilimab/placebo | 50 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose delays per component - feladilimab | 13 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Treatment discontinuation per component - pembrolizumab | 10 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose interruption per component - pembrolizumab | 0 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Treatment discontinuation per component - carboplatin/cisplatin | 16 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose interruption per component - placebo | NA Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Treatment discontinuation per component - fluorouracil | 13 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose interruption per component - feladilimab | 0 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Treatment discontinuation per component - fluorouracil | 18 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose interruption per component - feladilimab | NA Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose interruption per component - placebo | 0 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose interruption per component - carboplatin/cisplatin | 1 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose interruption per component - fuorouracil | 7 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose delays per component - feladilimab | NA Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose delays per component - placebo | 12 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose delays per component - pembrolizumab | 13 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose Reduction per component - pembrolizumab | NA Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose interruption per component - pembrolizumab | 0 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose delays per component - cisplatin/carboplatin | 9 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose delays per component - fluorouracil | 10 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose Reduction per component - feladilimab | NA Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose Reduction per component - placebo | NA Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose Reduction per component - carboplatin/cisplatin | 19 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Dose Reduction per component - fluorouracil | 21 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Treatment discontinuation per component - feladilimab/placebo | 56 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Treatment discontinuation per component - pembrolizumab | 15 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Dose Modifications in Safety Population | Treatment discontinuation per component - carboplatin/cisplatin | 18 Participants |
Secondary
Number of Participants With SAEs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population
SAE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose, resulted in death, was life-threatening, required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, resulted in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, was a congenital anomaly/birth defect and other situations according to medical or scientific judgement. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells.
Time frame: Up to approximately 37.2 months
Population: Data for participants with PD-L1 CPS ≥1 in the safety population are presented. An additional participant was randomized after the data cut-off and received pembrolizumab. Therefore, this participant was included in safety analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With SAEs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 21 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With SAEs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 32 Participants |
Secondary
Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) in Safety Population
SAE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose, resulted in death, was life-threatening, required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, resulted in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, was a congenital anomaly/birth defect and other situations according to medical or scientific judgement.
Time frame: Up to approximately 37.2 months
Population: Safety Population. An additional participant was randomized after the data cut-off and received pembrolizumab. Therefore, this participant was included in safety analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) in Safety Population | 23 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) in Safety Population | 32 Participants |
Secondary
ORR Per RECIST v1.1 in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population
ORR per RECIST v1.1 was defined as the proportion of the participants who have a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) as the best overall response per RECIST v1.1 based upon investigator assessment. As a randomized double-blind study in which primary endpoints are OS and PFS, the confirmation of CR and PR was not required. Rate and associated 2-sided 95 percent Exact (Clopper-Pearson) Confidence Intervals are provided for each treatment arm which are unadjusted. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells.
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: Data for participants with PD-L1 CPS ≥1 in mITT population are presented.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | ORR Per RECIST v1.1 in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 18.4 Percentage of participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | ORR Per RECIST v1.1 in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 23.1 Percentage of participants |
Comparison: The comparison between treatment groups was based on the stratified Miettinen \& Nurminen method with strata weighting by sample size and a single treatment covariate. Stratification factors included PD-L1 expression (CPS≥20 vs 1≤CPS\<20) and HPV status (positive vs. negative). Participants with oropharynx HPV negative/unknown and non-oropharyngeal tumors were combined as the HPV negative group.95% CI: [-21.4, 11.3]
Secondary
Overall Response Rate (ORR) Per RECIST v1.1 in mITT Population
ORR per RECIST v1.1 was defined as the proportion of the participants who have a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) as the best overall response per RECIST v1.1 based upon investigator assessment. As a randomized double-blind study in which primary endpoints are OS and PFS, the confirmation of CR and PR was not required. Rate and associated 2-sided 95 percent Exact (Clopper-Pearson) Confidence Intervals are provided for each treatment arm which are unadjusted.
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: All participants in the mITT population were analyzed
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Overall Response Rate (ORR) Per RECIST v1.1 in mITT Population | 19.2 Percentage of participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Overall Response Rate (ORR) Per RECIST v1.1 in mITT Population | 23.6 Percentage of participants |
Comparison: The comparison between treatment groups was based on the stratified Miettinen \& Nurminen method with strata weighting by sample size and a single treatment covariate. Stratification factors included PD-L1 expression (CPS ≥20 vs. 1≤ CPS \<20 vs. CPS \<1) and HPV status (positive vs. negative). Participants with oropharynx HPV negative/unknown and non-oropharyngeal tumors were combined as the HPV negative group.95% CI: [-20.8, 11.3]
Secondary
PFS Per RECIST v1.1 in the PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population
PFS per RECIST v1.1 was defined as the time from the date of randomization until the date of disease progression or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median PFS is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method.
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: Data for participants with PD-L1 CPS ≥1 in mITT population are presented.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | PFS Per RECIST v1.1 in the PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 5.5 Months |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | PFS Per RECIST v1.1 in the PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 4.7 Months |
Comparison: The hazard ratio and corresponding 2-sided 95% confidence interval was calculated from the cox regression model with Efron's method of tie handling with treatment as a covariate and stratified by PD-L1 expression (CPS≥20 vs 1≤CPS\<20) and HPV status (positive vs. negative). Participants with oropharynx HPV negative/unknown and non-oropharyngeal tumors were combined as the HPV negative group.p-value: 0.28495% CI: [0.2, 2.43]Stratified Cox proportional hazard model
Secondary
Severity of AESI in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population
AESI were defined as events of potential immunologic etiology, including immune-related AEs (irAEs). Severity of each AESI was reported during the study and was assigned a grade according to the NCI-CTCAE. AESIs severity were graded on a 5-point scale as: 1 = mild; discomfort noticed, but no disruption to daily activity, 2 = moderate; discomfort sufficient to reduce or affect normal daily activity, 3 = severe; inability to work or perform normal daily activity, 4 = life-threatening consequences and 5 = death related to AE. Data of participants that experienced AESIs of Grade \>= 3 have been presented.
Time frame: Up to approximately 37.2 months
Population: Data for participants with PD-L1 CPS ≥1 in the safety population are presented. An additional participant was randomized after the data cut-off and received pembrolizumab. Therefore, this participant was included in safety analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AESI in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 5 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AESI in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 4 Participants |
Secondary
Severity of AEs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population
An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant, temporally associated with the use of a study intervention, whether or not considered related to the study intervention. Severity for each AE was reported during the study and assigned a grade according to the NCI-CTCAE v5.0. from Grade 1 through Grade 5. Grade 1= mild toxicity; Grade 2 = moderate toxicity; Grade 3 = severe toxicity; Grade 4 = life-threatening or disabling toxicity, Grade 5 = death related to toxicity. Data of participants experiencing AEs of Grade \>= 3 have been presented. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells.
Time frame: Up to approximately 37.2 months
Population: Data for participants with PD-L1 CPS ≥1 in the safety population are presented. An additional participant was randomized after the data cut-off and received pembrolizumab. Therefore, this participant was included in safety analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AEs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 30 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AEs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 45 Participants |
Secondary
Severity of AEs in Safety Population
An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant, temporally associated with the use of a study intervention, whether or not considered related to the study intervention. Severity for each AE was reported during the study and assigned a grade according to the NCI-CTCAE v5.0. from Grade 1 through Grade 5. Grade 1= mild toxicity; Grade 2 = moderate toxicity; Grade 3 = severe toxicity; Grade 4 = life-threatening or disabling toxicity, Grade 5 = death related to toxicity.
Time frame: Up to approximately 37.2 months
Population: Safety Population. An additional participant was randomized after the data cut-off and received pembrolizumab. Therefore, this participant was included in safety analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AEs in Safety Population | Grade 5 | 6 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AEs in Safety Population | Grade 3 | 23 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AEs in Safety Population | Grade 2 | 17 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AEs in Safety Population | Grade 4 | 4 Participants |
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AEs in Safety Population | Grade 1 | 1 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AEs in Safety Population | Grade 4 | 10 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AEs in Safety Population | Grade 5 | 3 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AEs in Safety Population | Grade 1 | 3 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AEs in Safety Population | Grade 2 | 15 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AEs in Safety Population | Grade 3 | 34 Participants |
Secondary
Severity of AESIs in Safety Population
AESI were defined as events of potential immunologic etiology, including immune-related AEs (irAEs). Severity of each AESI was reported during the study and was assigned a grade according to the NCI-CTCAE. AESIs severity were graded on a 5-point scale as: 1 = mild; discomfort noticed, but no disruption to daily activity, 2 = moderate; discomfort sufficient to reduce or affect normal daily activity, 3 = severe; inability to work or perform normal daily activity, 4 = life-threatening consequences and 5 = death related to AE. Data of participants experiencing AESIs of Grade \>= 3 have been presented.
Time frame: Up to approximately 37.2 months
Population: Safety Population. An additional participant was randomized after the data cut-off and received pembrolizumab. Therefore, this participant was included in safety analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AESIs in Safety Population | 5 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of AESIs in Safety Population | 4 Participants |
Secondary
Severity of SAEs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population
A SAE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose resulted in death, was life-threatening, required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, resulted in persistent disability/incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, any other situation such as important medical events according to medical or scientific judgement. Severity for each SAE was reported during the study and assigned a grade according to the NCI-CTCAE v5.0. from Grade 1 through Grade 5. Grade 1= mild toxicity; Grade 2 = moderate toxicity; Grade 3 = severe toxicity; Grade 4 = life-threatening or disabling toxicity, Grade 5 = death related to toxicity. Data of participants that experienced SAEs of Grade \>= 3 have been presented. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells.
Time frame: Up to approximately 37.2 months
Population: Data for participants with PD-L1 CPS ≥1 in the safety population are presented. An additional participant was randomized after the data cut-off and received pembrolizumab. Therefore, this participant was included in safety analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of SAEs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 15 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of SAEs in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 26 Participants |
Secondary
Severity of SAEs in Safety Population
A SAE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose resulted in death, was life-threatening, required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, resulted in persistent disability/incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, any other situation such as important medical events according to medical or scientific judgement. Severity for each SAE was reported during the study and assigned a grade according to the NCI-CTCAE v5.0. from Grade 1 through Grade 5. Grade 1= mild toxicity; Grade 2 = moderate toxicity; Grade 3 = severe toxicity; Grade 4 = life-threatening or disabling toxicity, Grade 5 = death related to toxicity. Data of participants experiencing SAEs of Grade \>= 3 has been presented.
Time frame: Up to approximately 37.2 months
Population: Safety Population. An additional participant was randomized after the data cut-off and received pembrolizumab. Therefore, this participant was included in safety analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of SAEs in Safety Population | 17 Participants |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Severity of SAEs in Safety Population | 26 Participants |
Secondary
Time to Deterioration (TTD) in Pain in mITT Population
TTD in pain is defined as the time from randomization to the first definitive meaningful deterioration from baseline in the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Item Library(EORTC IL51) Questionnaire pain domain, i.e. an increase from baseline of at least 8.33 observed at all subsequent non-missing visits. The EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire 35-Item Head and Neck Module (QLQ-H&N35) is a head and neck specific module with multi-item scales. The mouth pain, swallowing, speech problems, opening mouth, coughing, feeding tube, and trouble with social eating domains were administered and referred to as the EORTC IL51. The questionnaire scores for each scale and single-item measure are averaged and transformed linearly to present a score ranging from 0-100. A high score represents a high/healthy level of functioning. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median TTD is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method.
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: All participants in the mITT population were analyzed
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Time to Deterioration (TTD) in Pain in mITT Population | 4.4 Months |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | Time to Deterioration (TTD) in Pain in mITT Population | 2.8 Months |
Comparison: The hazard ratio and corresponding 2-sided 95% confidence interval was calculated from the cox regression model with Efron's method of tie handling with treatment as a covariate and stratified by PD-L1 expression (CPS ≥20 vs. 1≤ CPS \<20 vs. CPS \<1) and HPV status (positive vs. negative). Participants with oropharynx HPV negative/unknown and non-oropharyngeal tumors were combined as the HPV negative group.p-value: 0.32995% CI: [0.42, 1.71]Stratified Cox proportional hazard model
Secondary
TTD in Pain in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population
TTD in pain is defined as the time from randomization to the first definitive meaningful deterioration from baseline in the EORTC IL51 pain domain, i.e. an increase from baseline of at least 8.33 observed at all subsequent non-missing visits. The EORTC QLQ-H&N35 is a head and neck specific module with multi-item scales. The mouth pain, swallowing, speech problems, opening mouth, coughing, feeding tube, and trouble with social eating domains were administered and referred to as the EORTC IL51. The questionnaire scores for each scale and single-item measure are averaged and transformed linearly to present a score ranging from 0-100. A high score represents a high/healthy level of functioning. Kaplan-Meier estimate for the median TTD is presented, along with associated 95% confidence interval, estimated using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells to the total number of viable tumor cells.
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: Data for participants with PD-L1 CPS ≥1 in the mITT population are presented.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | TTD in Pain in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 3.4 Months |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | TTD in Pain in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 2.8 Months |
Comparison: The hazard ratio and corresponding 2-sided 95% confidence interval was calculated from the cox regression model with Efron's method of tie handling with treatment as a covariate and stratified by PD-L1 expression (CPS≥20 vs 1≤CPS\<20) and HPV status (positive vs. negative). Participants with oropharynx HPV negative/unknown and non-oropharyngeal tumors were combined as the HPV negative group.p-value: 0.30295% CI: [0.4, 1.69]Stratified Cox proportional hazard model
Secondary
TTD in Physical Function in mITT Population
TTD in physical function (PF) is defined as the time from randomization to the first definitive meaningful deterioration from baseline in the PF T-score, i.e. a decrease from baseline of at least 2.4 observed at all subsequent non-missing visits, as measured by the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System - Physical Function (PROMIS PF 8c).The PROMIS PF 8c is an 8-item fixed length short form derived from the PROMIS Physical Function item bank. It includes a 5-point scale with three sets of response options. Scores on the PROMIS PF 8c are reported on a T score metric (mean = 50 and SD = 10), with higher scores reflecting better physical functioning.
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: All participants in the mITT population were analyzed
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | TTD in Physical Function in mITT Population | 2.8 Months |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | TTD in Physical Function in mITT Population | 4.3 Months |
Comparison: The hazard ratio and corresponding 2-sided 95% confidence interval was calculated from the cox regression model with Efron's method of tie handling with treatment as a covariate and stratified by PD-L1 expression (CPS ≥20 vs. 1≤ CPS \<20 vs. CPS \<1) and HPV status (positive vs. negative). Participants with oropharynx HPV negative/unknown and non-oropharyngeal tumors were combined as the HPV negative group.p-value: 0.47295% CI: [0.44, 2.11]Stratified Cox proportional hazard model
Secondary
TTD in Physical Function in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population
TTD in PF is defined as the time from randomization to the first definitive meaningful deterioration from baseline in the PF T-score, i.e. a decrease from baseline of at least 2.4 observed at all subsequent non-missing visits, as measured by the PROMIS PF 8c.The PROMIS PF 8c is an 8-item fixed length short form derived from the PROMIS Physical Function item bank. It includes a 5-point scale with three sets of response options. Scores on the PROMIS PF 8c are reported on a T score metric (mean = 50 and SD = 10), with higher scores reflecting better physical functioning. CPS was defined as the ratio of the combined number of PD-L1 expressing tumor cells and immune cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) to the total number of viable tumor cells
Time frame: Up to approximately 7 months
Population: Data for participants with PD-L1 CPS ≥1 in the mITT population are presented.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Feladilimab + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | TTD in Physical Function in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 4.8 Months |
| Placebo + Pembrolizumab + 5-FU-platinum Chemotherapy | TTD in Physical Function in PD-L1 CPS ≥1 Population | 4.3 Months |
Comparison: The hazard ratio and corresponding 2-sided 95% confidence interval was calculated from the cox regression model with Efron's method of tie handling with treatment as a covariate and stratified by PD-L1 expression (CPS≥20 vs 1≤CPS\<20) and HPV status (positive vs. negative). Participants with oropharynx HPV negative/unknown and non-oropharyngeal tumors were combined as the HPV negative group.p-value: 0.33595% CI: [0.36, 1.9]Stratified Cox proportional hazard model