Healthy Diet, Microbiota
Conditions
Keywords
diet, gut microbiota, longevity, inflammation, health
Brief summary
The cohort study investigates the effect of different dietary intake among omnivorous, vegan, vegetarian and low-carb diets on health parameters and on long-term overall health. The participants blood parameters, dietary intake, gut microbiota composition, body mass and composition, resting energy expenditure, lifestyle factors and psychological factors will be determined and measured.
Detailed description
Vegetarian and vegan diets have been shown to have health benefits on preventing cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and cancer. They are both gaining popularity in public. Ketogenic diet has also been very popular, especially due to its effect on weight loss and blood glucose parameters. To our knowledge there, are no studies that compare long-term effects of all three diets and omnivorous diets with regards to health parameters and gut microbiota composition. The aim of the proposed study is to investigate the link between different diets and health parameters, such as parameters related to longevity, inflammation, stress and gut microbiota composition. The study is designed to compare different diets and their relationship with the body as a whole.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALRegular lifestyle in different circumstances
Participants' lifestyle will be followed over the years.
Sponsors
University of Primorska
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* 18,5 \< BMI \< 30 kg/m2 * asymptomatic for any disease * medication free * same pattern of eating in the last 3 months * stable body mass in the last 3 months
Exclusion criteria
* BMI \< 18,5 and \> 30 kg/m2 * presence of any chronic disease * taking any medications * changed eating pattern in the last 3 months * unstable body mass in the last 3 months * taking antibiotics in the last 3 months
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in systemic inflammation | Change from baseline at 5 years. | CRP \[mg/L\] will be measured as a marker of inflammation. |
| Changes in serum total antioxidative capacity | Change from baseline at 5 years. | Total antioxidative capacity of serum will be measured with Photochem instrument and expressed as nanomole equivalents of ascorbic acid per microliter of serum. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in gut microbiota composition | Change from baseline at 5 years. | Microbial composition of stool will be determined with microbial DNA isolation and identification. |
| Changes in body composition | Change from baseline at 5 years. | Fat free body mass will be measured with bioelectrical impedance analysis and expressed in kg. |
| Changes in resting metabolic rate | Change from baseline at 5 years. | Resting metabolic rate will be determined with indirect calorimeter and expressed in kJ/day. |
| Changes in lifestyle factors | Change from baseline at 5 years. | Will be assessed with a questionnaire. |
| Changes in macronutrient intake | Change from baseline at 5 years. | Macronutrient intake will be measured with validated FFQ and 3-day food diary and analysed with softwares OPEN and Prodi. Macronutrient intake will be expressed as part of daily energy intake. |
| Changes in body satisfaction | Change from baseline at 5 years. | Will be assessed by the body dissatisfaction subscale from the Eating Disorders Inventory-2. Responses will be rated on a 5-point Likert scale from 0 (never) to 4 (always). |
| Changes in grip strength | Change from baseline at 5 years. | Will be measured with a hand dynamometer. |
| Changes in autophagy | Change from baseline at 5 years. | Autophagy will be measured by autophagy-related mRNA gene expression evaluation. |
| Changes in anxiety | Change from baseline at 5 years. | Will be assessed by state-trait anxiety inventory. The STAIX-1 contains 20 items, which are scored on a 4-pointscale with subscale scores ranging from 20 to 80, with higherscores indicating higher anxiety. |
| Changes in micronutrient intake | Change from baseline at 5 years. | Micronutrient intake will be measured with validated FFQ and 3-day food diary and analysed with softwares OPEN and Prodi. Micronutrient intake will be expressed as mg per day. |
Countries
Slovenia
Outcome results
None listed