Healthy
Conditions
Keywords
over-the-counter, prescription medication, subjective effects
Brief summary
This non-treatment study will examine how different dietary conditions may affect a person's response to commonly used drugs.
Detailed description
Volunteers (aim is 36 completers) will participate in a double-blind study conducted over a period of about 10-12 weeks including sessions for screening, food and beverage diary review, and drug exposure sessions. During screening, participants will be asked questions about participants' general characteristics including demographic information, mood, and personality. Participants will also be examined to determine medical eligibility. Eligible participants will complete diary sessions (4 total), experimental sessions (12 total) and end of study sessions (2 sessions). At food diary sessions, participants will be asked to eliminate certain foods and beverages from participants' diet, record daily food and beverage consumption and attend the laboratory approximately two times to discuss participants' food diaries. At these sessions, participants will orally ingest capsules containing commonly prescribed medications, over-the-counter medications, and/or placebo and will receive study capsules in blister packs which participants will take three times daily throughout the study. During experimental sessions, food and beverage restrictions will remain in place, participants will continue thrice daily capsule administration and will also be exposed to experimental test sessions. Participants will report to the laboratory 2-3 times weekly in order to ingest study capsules, receive blister packs and fill out questionnaires. After leaving the laboratory, participants will be asked to fill out surveys remotely in order to describe the effects of that session's capsules on mood and preference. After completing the first six sessions, participants will receive a mid-study bonus and have a 1-week break from attending sessions, during which participants will continue to swallow capsules thrice daily. Participants will return to the lab and complete two food diary sessions. After this, participants will complete experimental test sessions 7-12, where participants will again swallow capsules and complete questionnaires. After completing experimental test sessions 1-12, participants will complete a final experimental test session to facilitate the study assessment of subjective monetary value of drug conditions. Finally, participants will return to the laboratory to receive a bonus payment for study completion and to complete an end-of-study questionnaire.
Interventions
DRUGBlinded drug dose conditions
Capsules will contain commonly prescribed or over-the-counter drugs or placebo. Capsules in this study may contain sedatives, muscle relaxants, or anti-anxiety medications, stimulant drugs/weight loss medications, or antihistamines which must remain blinded for the purposes of this study.
Sponsors
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Johns Hopkins University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
TRIPLE (Subject, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
Please note: This is a double-blind study. As part of instructions during the informed consent process, volunteers will be given a list of drugs volunteers may receive rather than informing volunteers only of the specific drugs being administered. More drugs are listed than will be administered to increase the degree to which volunteers are blind to the drugs being studied. Researchers will be blind to the drug conditions on any given session because a pharmacy member with no participant interaction will assign the randomized dose sequence and prepare the study drugs. Masking:Triple (Participant, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Intervention model description
This is a within-subjects design. This study involves administration of drug conditions in different dose sequence orders. All participants will receive the same drug conditions, but the order in which the participants receive the drug conditions will be different across participants. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of several different dose sequences. As part of instructions during the informed consent process, volunteers will be given a list of drugs volunteers may receive rather than informing volunteers only of the specific drugs being administered. More drugs are listed than will be administered to increase the degree to which volunteers are blind to the drugs being studied. Researchers will be blind to the drug conditions on any given session because a pharmacy member with no participant interaction will assign the randomized dose sequence and prepare the study drugs.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 45 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Age 18-45 years * Fluent in written and spoken English and is capable of understanding and complying with the protocol * Medically healthy * Non-smoker * Appropriate dietary/over-the-counter/prescription/illicit drug use history * Body Mass Index between 18.5 and 34.9 * Appropriate use of birth control in females e.g., barrier methods, hormonal contraceptives, Intra Uterine Devices (IUDs)
Exclusion criteria
* Known hypersensitivity to administered drugs * Current neurological, hepatic, renal, endocrine, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, pulmonary or metabolic disease for which administration of the study drugs would be contraindicated * Current psychiatric or substance use condition that would interfere with study participation * Diastolic blood pressure \>90 mmHg or a systolic pressure of \>140 mmHg * Use of medications that would interfere with study participation * Unwilling or unable to comply with the protocol * Any other serious disease or condition that might affect life expectancy or make it difficult to successfully manage the subjects according to the protocol * Females: Pregnancy, breastfeeding, or plans to become pregnant
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Peak Participant Subjective Ratings of Drug Liking | Up to 4 hours after capsule ingestion during experimental test session | Primary outcome will be peak change in participant ratings of drug liking relative to pre-drug ratings within 4 hours post-administration during experimental test sessions. Participants rate drug liking on a scale from -4 (dislike very much) to 4 (like very much) where 0 = Neutral or No Effect. This is not a treatment study, and higher or lower ratings of drug liking do not represent better or worse outcomes. The study was terminated. Only 1 participant was enrolled in this study. Based on the low enrolment number, no data is reported here in order to protect and maintain participant privacy/confidentiality. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Participant Subjective Ratings of Drug Value | Up to 4 hours after capsule ingestion during experimental test session | Secondary outcome will be subject rating of monetary drug value as assessed post-administration during experimental test sessions. Participants will rate the subjective value of the drug on a scale from -$30 (i.e., they would prefer to lose $30 rather than take the drug) to $30 (i.e., they would prefer to take today's drug instead of receiving $30). This is not a treatment study, and higher or lower ratings of drug value do not represent better or worse outcomes. The study was terminated. Only 1 participant was enrolled in this study. Based on the low enrolment number, no data is reported here in order to protect and maintain participant privacy/confidentiality. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Pre-assignment details
The study was terminated. Only 1 participant was enrolled in this study. Based on the low enrolment number, no data is reported here in order to protect and maintain participant privacy/confidentiality.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Within-Subjects Dose Conditions All participants will receive the same drug conditions, but the order in which the participants receive the drug conditions will be different across participants. Thus, comparisons of the drug conditions on mood and choice will be compared within-subjects (e.g., between drug and placebo) and not between arms.
Blinded drug dose conditions: Capsules will contain commonly prescribed or over-the-counter drugs or placebo. Capsules in this study may contain sedatives, muscle relaxants, or anti-anxiety medications, stimulant drugs/weight loss medications, or antihistamines which must remain blinded for the purposes of this study. | 0 |
| Total | 0 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | — |
|---|---|
| Region of Enrollment United States | — |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 0 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 0 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 0 |
Outcome results
Primary
Peak Participant Subjective Ratings of Drug Liking
Primary outcome will be peak change in participant ratings of drug liking relative to pre-drug ratings within 4 hours post-administration during experimental test sessions. Participants rate drug liking on a scale from -4 (dislike very much) to 4 (like very much) where 0 = Neutral or No Effect. This is not a treatment study, and higher or lower ratings of drug liking do not represent better or worse outcomes. The study was terminated. Only 1 participant was enrolled in this study. Based on the low enrolment number, no data is reported here in order to protect and maintain participant privacy/confidentiality.
Time frame: Up to 4 hours after capsule ingestion during experimental test session
Population: The study was terminated. Only 1 participant was enrolled in this study. Based on the low enrolment number, no data is reported here in order to protect and maintain participant privacy/confidentiality.
Secondary
Participant Subjective Ratings of Drug Value
Secondary outcome will be subject rating of monetary drug value as assessed post-administration during experimental test sessions. Participants will rate the subjective value of the drug on a scale from -$30 (i.e., they would prefer to lose $30 rather than take the drug) to $30 (i.e., they would prefer to take today's drug instead of receiving $30). This is not a treatment study, and higher or lower ratings of drug value do not represent better or worse outcomes. The study was terminated. Only 1 participant was enrolled in this study. Based on the low enrolment number, no data is reported here in order to protect and maintain participant privacy/confidentiality.
Time frame: Up to 4 hours after capsule ingestion during experimental test session
Population: The study was terminated. Only 1 participant was enrolled in this study. Based on the low enrolment number, no data is reported here in order to protect and maintain participant privacy/confidentiality.