Dietary Habits
Conditions
Keywords
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Ultra-processed Food
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to learn more about what happens in the human body after consuming a meal that contains ultra-processed foods like hamburgers, and if this is different to what happens after consuming a meal that contains lots of whole foods, like fresh vegetables, instead.
Detailed description
The purpose of this study is to discover more about how the human body and the bacteria living in our intestines, known as "gut flora," react to different foods a person may consume. The investigators want to know if there are differences in compounds measured in a participant's blood and urine after eating different foods. Specifically, the investigators are interested in seeing if there are differences in these compounds after eating ultra-processed foods, like hamburgers and french fries, versus eating whole foods, like fresh fruits and vegetables. The investigators also want to know if the bacteria in our intestines may change the levels of these compounds. To this end, some subjects will be asked to take antibiotics to suppress the gut flora for three days before eating the challenge meal. Suppression of gut flora is a known effect of the antibiotics used in this study. Participants will have two study visits.
Interventions
OTHERUltra-processed Food Meal
An ultra-processed diet challenge test utilizing 1) potatoes fried in highly refined and processed vegetable oil, including corn, soybean, or canola oil, with wheat and milk derivatives; 2) a beef patty sandwich containing processed American cheese, enriched refined flour, mold inhibitor, preservatives and oxidation/reduction additives such as ascorbic acid, potassium/calcium iodate, alpha-amylase, and azodicarbonamide; and 3) a beverage composed of carbonated water, high fructose corn syrup and caramel coloring. The ultra-processed challenge meal will be obtained from a local restaurant on the day of the challenge test.
OTHERWhole Food Meal
A whole food diet challenge test utilizing 1) a side salad comprised of fresh leafy vegetables, and typical whole food toppings including fresh onion, fresh tomato, fresh carrots, and raw walnuts with a pure unrefined olive oil salad dressing; 2) a legume-based main dish including chickpeas, lentils and whole grain quinoa; 3) a fresh berry-rich smoothie beverage consisting of organic blueberries, raspberries, strawberries, bananas, and fresh orange juice. The whole food challenge meal will be made by the study team from readily available commercial foods bought from local grocery stores.
Sponsors
The Cleveland Clinic
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Group 1 = Ultra-Processed Food Meal + Antibiotics to suppress gut flora; Group 2 = Ultra-Processed Food Meal with No Antibiotics; Group 3 = Whole Food Meal + Antibiotics to suppress gut flora; Group 4 = Whole Food Meal with No Antibiotics
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Men and women age 18 years or above. * Able to provide informed consent and comply with study protocol * Able to remain on a stable aspirin regimen (either on or off aspirin or aspirin products) for 1 week prior to starting study until the end of the study period.
Exclusion criteria
* Significant chronic illness or end-organ dysfunction, including known history of uncompensated heart failure, renal failure, pulmonary disease, hematologic diseases. * Active infection or received antibiotics within 6 months of study enrollment. * Use of over-the-counter probiotic within past month. * Chronic gastrointestinal disorders. * Intolerance to probiotic therapy. * Allergy to vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, neomycin, metronidazole, or lactose. * Allergy to any of the food components of the challenge meals. * Having undergone bariatric procedures or surgeries such as gastric banding or bypass. * Pregnancy.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Serial changes in plasma and urine metabolites and biomarkers | Pre-meal (baseline) & post-meal at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, and 6 hours | Serial changes in plasma and urine metabolites and biomarkers |
| Serial changes in plasma and urine TMAO | Pre-meal (baseline) & post-meal at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, and 6 hours | Serial changes in plasma and urine TMAO (trimethylamine N-oxide) |
Countries
United States
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORW. H. Wilson Tang, MD
The Cleveland Clinic
Outcome results
None listed