COPD Exacerbation
Conditions
Brief summary
Hypoxia is considered a key player in many of the comorbidities that characterize COPD, such as pulmonary hypertension, skeletal muscle dysfunction, and systemic inflammation. These comorbidities are worsened during an exacerbation due to prolonged bed rest and treatment with steroids, showing a reduction in the quality of life, exercise tolerance, and a greater risk of death in these patients. Therefore, a better understanding of the safety and effectiveness of exercise training for AECOPD patients with resting hypoxemia is needed.
Interventions
OTHERGlobal Exercise intervention
The program included 15 minutes of deep breathing exercises and 20-30 minutes of limb exercises. The exercises included global active range of motion (ROM) exercises and muscle strengthening like upper and lower limbs flexion-extension do single-leg stance, and sit to stand exercises
OTHERFunctional Electrostimulation Group
The program included a neuromuscular stimulation therapy on quadriceps accompanied by lower limb exercises. The intervention was performed following the protocol described by Valenza et al (2017). Valenza MC, Torres-Sánchez I, López-López L, Cabrera-Martos I, Ortiz-Rubio A, Valenza-Demet G. Effects of home-based neuromuscular electrical stimulation in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2018 Jun;54(3):323-332. doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.17.04745-1. Epub 2017 Nov 16. PubMed PMID: 29144103.
OTHERStandard treatment
Patients received standard medical and pharmacological care that consisted in systemic steroids, inhaled bronchodilators, oxygen, and a regimen of oral prednisone or its equivalent in doses of 40 to 60 mg per day for the duration of therapy as well as anti-biotic therapy
Sponsors
Universidad de Granada
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
40 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients of both sexes * A diagnosis of COPD made according to the criteria of the American Thoracic Society (ATS) * With hypoxemia at rest defined as mean arterial oxygen saturation below 90% * Agreed to participate
Exclusion criteria
* Unstable cardiovascular disease * Orthopedic diseases in the upper and lower limbs * Being in ICU or use of mechanical ventilation * Motor sequelae from a neurological or cognitive impairment that interfere with the evaluation and the treatment * Contraindications of electrotherapy
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Lower limb strength | Baseline | Quadriceps strength was assessed with a portable hand-held dynamometer (Lafayette Manual Muscle Testing System, model 01163, Lafayette, IN, USA). The test was performed with the patient seated with his/her knees and hips flexed at 90°. Resistance was applied to the anterior tibia during 5 seconds of maximal muscle contraction. The test was repeated alternatively 3 times on the leg, allowing participants to rest between measurements. The highest value in Newton was selected for the analysis. |
| Balance | Baseline | Balance was evaluated by the one-leg standing balance test (OLS), that measured the time that the patient balances on one leg as long as possible. The patient choose a leg to stand on (whichever he felt more comfortable with), flex the opposite knee allowing the foot to clear the floor, and balance on one leg. Higher values mean better balance. |
| Dyspnea | Baseline | Dyspnea was assessed at rest using the modified Borg scale. Patients classified their breathlessness from 0 (no dyspnea) to10 (maximal dyspnea) |
| Fatigue | Baseline | Fatigue was evaluated using the Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS) that consists of 22 numerical items which assess multidimensional aspects of fatigue. The scale measures four dimensions of subjective fatigue: behavioral/severity, relating to the severity, distress, and degree of disruption in activity of daily living; affective meaning, relating to the emotional meaning attributed to fatigue; sensory, relating to the physical symptoms of fatigue; and cognitive/mood, relating to mental and mood states |
Countries
Spain
Contacts
Primary ContactMarie Carmen valenza, PhD
Outcome results
None listed