Dementia
Conditions
Keywords
Health promotion, Self-management, Online
Brief summary
This study aims to assess if an educational programme combining approaches of self-management, health promotion, and e-learning will improve self-efficacy and other key health and mental health outcomes for people with mild to moderate dementia.
Detailed description
It is currently estimated that 47 million people are living with dementia today and this number is expected to double in the next 20 years. Unfortunately, there has been limited advancement in medical treatments for dementia and new cost-effective approaches are needed. The utility of self-management has been proven to be of benefit in certain chronic diseases, however, very little work has been undertaken regarding self-management in people with dementia.The SHAPE self-management group therapy aims to significantly improve self-efficacy in people with mild to moderate dementia and to improve key health and mental health outcomes, carer stress and knowledge of dementia.SHAPE comprises a 10 week online course delivered as group sessions for the participants with dementia. The sessions are designed to develop self-management skills and to provide information on the disease process and the development of healthy behaviours in a supportive learning environment to prevent problems that are common in the later stages of the disease. E-learning resources will be provided for carers (study supporters) which covers the similar and complimentary material discussed in the group sessions for the participant with dementia. This trial uses 2:1 randomisation and will assess the clinical and cost effectiveness of SHAPE. Participants will be randomised to participate in the SHAPE intervention or continue with usual care. To assess the effectiveness of SHAPE at improving self-efficacy and secondary outcomes a battery of questionnaires will be administered to the participants and study supporters at baseline, after SHAPE participants have completed the intervention, and 9 months after randomisation. The answers to these questionnaires will be assessed and the results compared between the two groups of participants.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALSHAPE
The SHAPE intervention provides information for carers, and maintains the dignity and autonomy of the person with dementia, supporting them in planning for the future with their family. The person with dementia attends an online 10 week facilitator lead group based course. It is designed to develop self-management skills in areas including decision-making, symptom management and social interaction. It also provides information on the disease process and the development of healthy behaviors in a supportive learning environment to prevent problems that are common in the later stages of the disease. The adjunctive e-learning platform for carers provides the same information that the person with dementia receives plus additional material and signposting to support them in their role. This will empower the whole family to support and enable more effective self-management by the person with dementia, and enhance their ability to plan ahead together and make key decisions jointly.
Sponsors
The Research Council of Norway
Alzheimer's Society
National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia
University of Exeter
London School of Economics and Political Science
The University of New South Wales
The Hospital of Vestfold
Helse Stavanger HF
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
DOUBLE (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
65 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Diagnosis of dementia according to the ICD-10 classification or the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) IV or V * 65 years of age or older * Mild to moderate dementia, as associated with tMMSE ≥15 * Ability to read and write * Hearing and vision that are sufficiently good to work in a group setting * Capacity to give consent for participation in the study * Proficient in the language in which the intervention is provided * Care partner willing to participate
Exclusion criteria
* A diagnosis of alcohol or drug abuse * Lewy body dementias, Fronto-temporal lobar degeneration or Semantic dementia * A limited life expectancy due to any terminal disease or other serious illness, other than dementia * Chemotherapy or radiation treatment ongoing at enrolment * Currently participating in health promotion or self-management group
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in general self-efficacy | Baseline to 3 months (primary time-point), and 9 months after baseline (follow-up) | Measured by the General Self-Efficacy Scale, a 10-item psychometric scale where each item is scored on a 4 point scale ranging from 'Not at all true' to 'Hardly true', to assess optimistic self-beliefs to cope with a variety of difficult demands in life. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in mood (anxiety, depression) | Baseline to 3 months (primary time-point), and 9 months after baseline (follow-up) | Measured by the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) for participants with dementia. Scale ranges from 0-38, where high score indicates high symptom load. |
| Change in wellbeing | Baseline to 3 months (primary time-point), and 9 months after baseline (follow-up) | Measured by the Sense of Competence Questionnaire Short version (SSCQ). This is a 7-item questionnaire, scale scores range from 7-35, where higher scores indicate higher sense of competence, which is an important factor in their wellbeing. |
| Change in Health-related Quality of life (HRQL) | Baseline to 3 months (primary time-point), and 9 months after baseline (follow-up) | Measured by the Dementia Quality of Life Scale (DEMQOL) for participants with dementia. A 28 item interviewer-administered questionnaire with a score range of 28 to 112, higher scores indicating better HRQL. |
| Change in Quality of life | Baseline to 3 months (primary time-point), and 9 months after baseline (follow-up) | Measured by EQ-5D-5L. Descriptive measure of quality of life comprising 5 Dimensions With 5 Levels each, scores can be converted to a single summary index number. A visual analog scale records self-rated health ranging 0-100, high score indicates good health. |
| Change in health behaviours | Baseline to 3 months (primary time-point), and 9 months after baseline (follow-up) | Measured by Self-reported health behaviour change questionnaire. Comprises 17 questions about specific health-related change that occurred during each time period, and if yes, how much of a change ranging from 'a little change', 'quite a bit of change', and 'great change'. |
| Change in cognition | Baseline to 3 months (primary time-point), and 9 months after baseline (follow-up) | Measured by the telephone Mini-Mental Status Examination (tMMSE). Assesses cognitive function in people with dementia. With a maximum score of 26, lower scores indicate greater cognitive issues. |
| Cognition and function | Baseline | Measured by the Modified Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (mCDR), a 5-point likert scale used to characterize six domains of cognitive and functional performance, level of impairment/dementia is ranging from 0=Normal, 0.5 = Very Mild Dementia, 1 = Mild Dementia, 2 = Moderate Dementia, 3 = Severe Dementia |
| Change in cost of care | Baseline to 3 months (primary time-point), and 9 months after baseline (follow-up) | Measured by the Client Service Receipt Inventory (CSRI). A validated tool to gather information on current living arrangements, medication, use of hospital, community-based and day services. |
| Change in quality of adjusted life-years (QALY) | Baseline to 3 months (primary time-point), and 9 months after baseline (follow-up) | Measured by EuroQoL Instrument EQ-5D-5L. Descriptive measure of quality of life comprising 5 Dimensions With 5 Levels each, scores can be converted to a single summary index number. A visual analog scale records self-rated health ranging 0-100, high score indicates good health. |
| Change in function | Baseline to 3 months (primary time-point), and 9 months after baseline (follow-up) | Measured by the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ). 10 items measuring instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), with sum score ranging 0-30. Higher score indicates impaired function. |
| Change in neuropsychiatric symptoms | Baseline to 3 months (primary time-point), and 9 months after baseline (follow-up) | Measured by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q), an informant based questionnaire assessing the presence and severity of 12 Neuropsychiatric Symptoms. Severity scores range from 0-36, where higher scores indicate more severe behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. Distress scores range from 0-60, where higher values represent higher levels of distress due to symptoms. |
| Change in carer stress | Baseline to 3 months (primary time-point), and 9 months after baseline (follow-up) | Measured by the Relative Stress Scale (RSS), which consists of 15 items ranging from 0-4, high score indicates high burden on carers. |
| Change in knowledge about dementia | Baseline to 3 months (primary time-point), and 9 months after baseline (follow-up) | Measured by the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS). Comprising 25 items with statements about the condition, including general characteristics, symptoms, risk factors, care and treatment. Respondents answer on a modified Likert scale with five response options: false, probably false, probably true, true, don't know. |
| Change in perceived access to service use | Baseline to 3 months (primary time-point), and 9 months after baseline (follow-up) | Measured by the Client Service Receipt Inventory (CSRI). A validated tool to gather information on current living arrangements, medication, use of hospital, community-based and day services. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Promoting and hindering factors of the intervention | 3 months (Primary time-point) | Measured using post-intervention qualitative interviews with intervention facilitators to capture descriptions of promoting and hindering factors in delivering the intervention and data to optimize the training, research design and the protocol. |
| Replication and dissemination of the intervention | Baseline to 10 weeks | Measured by an observational protocol of the intervention sessions, including (1) in-session behavior, (2) participant engagement, (3) social interaction within the group, (4) peer support and (5) change in perception of living with dementia. |
Countries
Australia, Norway, United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed