Emergency Medical Services
Conditions
Keywords
Community first responder, Rural health, Ambulance service
Brief summary
Community First Responders (CFRs) are trained members of the public, lay people or off-duty healthcare staff who volunteer to provide first aid. CFRs help ambulance services to provide care for people having health emergencies, from falls to road accidents to heart attacks, at home or in public places. CFRs are particularly important in rural areas where it is more difficult to provide or access emergency care, and where they are an important part of the care workforce. CFRs are broadly perceived to be positive, however evidence is needed about how they contribute to rural health services, which patients/conditions they attend, what care they provide, how effective they are and at what cost, how they are perceived by patients and other health workers, and how they could be developed to improve care for rural communities. The investigators aim to develop recommendations for rural CFRs, by exploring their contribution to rural care, evaluating their value for money, understanding experiences and views of patients, CFRs and other healthcare staff, and exploring the potential for CFRs to provide new services.
Detailed description
The project will involve the following steps: 1. Analyse records from six ambulance services to see: how many people CFRs attended; the proportion of ambulance calls attended; age, sex and conditions of people attended; how quickly CFRs attended and what happened to the patient(s) when the ambulance arrived. 2. Evaluate benefits and costs of CFRs attending rural emergencies. 3. Interview patients/relatives, ambulance staff, GPs, funders, CFRs and CFR leads to obtain views on rural CFR current and potential future roles. Interviews will also explore with CFRs and CFR leads, challenges and solutions to recruiting, training, retaining rural CFRs and ensuring safe, high quality care. 4. Combine this knowledge (gained in steps1-3 above) to develop recommendations for change; who will be involved and how services should change to solve the most pressing problems for the rural communities served. 5. Present recommendations to a workshop of experts and public to agree priorities for future development.
Interventions
OTHERattendance by community first responders for medical emergencies
The investigators will purposively sample patients, relatives, and ambulance staff identified from records of patients who have been attended by a CFR in a rural location in the previous six months. Where possible the investigators will interview patients, relatives, CFRs and ambulance staff attending the same event. GPs will be purposively sampled from rural areas of the ambulance services involved. Investigators will recruit a maximum variation sample of patients (according to age, sex, condition, and ethnicity), ambulance staff (sex, experience, ethnicity and role), CFR (sex, ethnicity, length of experience, skill level) and CFR scheme leads (independent charity and ambulance trust overseen schemes).
Sponsors
University of Lincoln
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
RETROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Adults capable of giving informed consent. The investigators will recruit a maximum variation sample of patients (according to age, sex, condition, and ethnicity), ambulance staff (sex, experience, ethnicity and role), CFR (sex, ethnicity, length of experience, skill level) and CFR scheme leads (independent charity and ambulance trust overseen schemes).
Exclusion criteria
* The investigators will exclude children and adults who are unable to give informed consent from this study. London Ambulance Service NHS Trust is not included as it is mainly urban; East of England Ambulance Service and North East Ambulance Service are not included because of lack of electronic data.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of ambulance calls that CFRs attend in one year | we will evaluate all emergency attendances during one year | We will establish how many people CFRs attended and work out the proportion of ambulance calls attended. |
| The type of cases treated by CFRs | we will evaluate all emergency attendances during one year | characteristics of people (age, sex, condition) attended |
| How quickly cases are dealt with | we will evaluate all emergency attendances during one year | how quickly they attend |
| Treatments given and transfer to hospital | we will evaluate all emergency attendances during one year | we will evaluate the treatments provided and the number of cases transferred to hospital |
| Locations | we will evaluate all emergency attendances during one year | We will describe rurality and location (eg. at home or elsewhere) where CFRs give treatment. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Perceptions of CFR schemes | participants will have been involved in a CFR attendance in the previous 6 months | We will interview different stakeholders (patients, CFRs, GPs, ambulance staff, CFR leads) |
Countries
United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed