Refractive Accuracy of 2WIN and Portable Autorefractors

The Refractive Accuracy of Photoscreeners 2WIN and PlusoptiX and the Retinomax Auto Refractor

Status

Completed

Phases

Unknown

Study type

Observational

Source

ClinicalTrials.gov

Registry ID

NCT04249505

Enrollment

708

Registered

2020-01-31

Start date

2020-01-09

Completion date

2021-04-01

Last updated

2021-07-23

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Accomodation, Astigmatism, Hyperopia of Both Eyes, Refractive Error - Myopia Axial, Visual Impairment

Keywords

photoscreening, photo refraction, auto refraction, spectacle dispensing

Brief summary

Youth and some adults have photoscreening refractions and hand-held auto refraction before cycloplegia refraction during new and follow up eye examinations. Vector math is applied to each refraction to determine how closely the hand-held dry devices match actual refraction.

Detailed description

A closeness-of-fit algorithm utilizing vector transformations of astigmatism is designed and applied to 50-years of clinical international refractive experience. As a part of new and follow up comprehensive eye examinations, patients and parents consented to confirm the cycloplegic refraction to other portable refractive tools. The ability of photoscreeners 2WIN (Adaptica, Padova italy), PlusoptiX A12 (Nuremberg, Germany) and Retinomax (Righton, Tokyo, Japan) to match actual refraction is assessed utilizing the new algorithm. This algorithm could then be applied to batches of donated spectacles distend by charitable organizations worldwide if portable auto refracting devices are employed.

Interventions

DEVICE2WIN Photoscreener

non-cycloplegia refraction by Adaptica 2WIN

DEVICEPlusoptix A12

non-cycloplegic refraction by Plusoptix A12 photoscreener

DEVICERetinomax

non-cycloplegic refraction by Retinomax K+ auto refractor

Study design

Observational model

COHORT

Time perspective

RETROSPECTIVE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

ALL

Age

6 Months to 95 Years

Healthy volunteers

Yes

Inclusion criteria

* Patient undergoing new or follow examination at pediatric eye and adult strabismus clinic Willing to undergo screening refractive device developmental delays included

Exclusion criteria

* Intraocular lens in place

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame	Description
Refractive Accuracy	1 day	spherical equivalent

Secondary

Measure	Time frame	Description
Impact of age	1 day	Spectacle similarity score striated by age relative to patient's ability to accommodate

Countries

United States

Outcome results

None listed

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026