Anesthesia, Drug Effect, Propofol
Conditions
Keywords
Propofol;, Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal;, Dreams;, Facial expression;, Smiling
Brief summary
This study investigates correlation between dreaming in propofol anesthesia and an Observer-rating-scale of facial expression after gastrointestinal endoscopy in adults. It also compares dreamers and non-dreamers in age, BMI, propofol dose, duration of procedure, mean arterial pressure, pulse values and Bispectral index values.
Detailed description
After Ethical committee approval and written informed consent was obtained, a total of 124 patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy were recruited in the prospective observational study. Anesthesia was maintained using incremental propofol doses until the patient was calm and unresponsive to painful stimuli. Bispectral Index (BIS), blood pressure (BP) and pulse were monitored in typical intervals: before induction, during induction, at the beginning of the procedure, at 2nd, 5th and 10th minute of the procedure, and on emergence. On the emergence of anesthesia, the patient's facial expression was rated numerically (-3 pain, +3 smile). Thereafter patients were asked to rate their dream.
Interventions
DRUGPropofol
Intravenous anesthesia with propofol started with 0.5 mg kg-1, and was titrated until a patient was unresponsive to painful stimuli & maintaining spontaneous breathing during gastrointestinal endoscopy
Sponsors
Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek
Osijek University Hospital
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Consecutive patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy at Osijek University HOspital form September 2016 to October 2017.
Exclusion criteria
* . Patients who were younger than 18 years, unscheduled patients who were not hemodynamically stable, those who were not able to understand study protocol, and who did not sign written informed consent were not included in the study. Patients whose procedure was longer than 60 minutes and patients with incomplete records were excluded from the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Observer rating score after the procedure | On the emergence of anesthesia, max. 2 hours after start of anesthesia | On the emergence of anesthesia, Observer's: rating of facial expression was written (-3: loud expression of pain; -2: painful grimace; -1: dissatisfaction; 0: neutral; 1: satisfaction; 2: smile and 3: laughter) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Bispectral index values during the procedure | During the propofol anesthesia, max. 2 hours after start of anesthesia | Bispectral index (BIS) was measured in six points during the procedure; right before the anesthesia, one minute after the first propofol dose, immediately after the start of intervention, 2 minutes after the start of endoscopy, 5 minutes after the start of endoscopy, and finally on the emergence from anesthesia. |
| Blood pressure values during the procedure | During the propofol anesthesia, max. 2 hours after start of anesthesia | Blood pressure value was measured in six points during the procedure; right before the anesthesia, one minute after the first propofol dose, immediately after the start of intervention, 2 minutes after the start of endoscopy, 5 minutes after the start of endoscopy, and finally on the emergence from anesthesia. |
| Pulse values during the procedure | During the propofol anesthesia, max. 2 hours after start of anesthesia | Pulse value was measured in six points during the procedure; right before the anesthesia, one minute after the first propofol dose, immediately after the start of intervention, 2 minutes after the start of endoscopy, 5 minutes after the start of endoscopy, and finally on the emergence from anesthesia. |
Outcome results
None listed